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| View Larger Image | Induction of hypospadias in a murine model by maternal exposure to synthetic estrogens [An article from: Environmental Research] | Digitalby K. Suk Kim (Author), C.R. Torres (Author), S. Yucel (Author), K. Raimondo (Author), Cu (Author)
| List Price: | $8.95 | | | Available: | Available for download now |
| | Binding: | Digital | | Publisher: | Elsevier | | Publication Date: | March 01, 2004 |
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Product Description
This digital document is a journal article from Environmental Research, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.Description: We tested the hypothesis that maternal exposure to synthetic estrogen can cause hypospadias in male offspring and defined the morphological changes in the disrupted urethral seam. Timed pregnant C57/6 mice were exposed to synthetic estrogens. The genital tubercles were examined for the presence of hypospadias using histology, three-dimensional computer reconstruction, and plastic cast injection molds of the urethra. Microscopic serial analysis confirmed the presence of hypospadias, which occurred in ~50% of the synthetic-estrogen-treated male fetuses. No effect was seen in the female embryos. Plastic cast injection showed that affected males had a shorter total urethral length and loss of male anatomic features such as the prostatic utricle. Exposure to synthetic estrogens during pregnancy affects the normal development of the urethra in the mouse. We conclude that endocrine disrupters play an important role in genital tubercle anomalies. |
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