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Treatment Of Residues With Wine Making
September 24, 2003Amongst the activities involved in the making of wine is that of a number of effluents with a high organic level being produced and which generally do not respond particularly well to purification with conventional biological treatment.
This type of residue, although not having toxic components, can prove environmentally problematic at times given its high organic content. Moreover, these residues are generally accompanied by the aroma and colour of the wine being produced. As can be appreciated, amongst other problems that can be caused, is that of biological asphyxiation; for example, in the water of smaller rivers and lakes.
Thus, the only viable solution when biological treatment is being considered is to maintain the microorganism population, the basis of the treatment, by means of an external feed source throughout the whole year and adapt it each time the residues are produced (sporadically).
Most limited-production bodegas, small or medium-sized enterprises, do not have suitable treatment for this type of residue. This is the situation, not only in vineyards within Spain, but also in other wine-producing countries such as France, Portugal, Italy and even Germany and the United Kingdom, amongst others.
New technology
On looking for solutions for these requirements of the wine production sector, INASMET has developed a project aimed at achieving a technology for production where the residue content is high but the production volume is low. The process is based on an electrochemical with an inert anode (DSA or Dimensioned Stable Anode) which, in the presence of a catalyst, reduces the initial DQO by 50 % and eliminates almost all the colour and smell. A pilot plant has been built which has been treating 300 l/h of residues at two bodegas in Navarre and in Rioja.
The energy cost of the process is about 2 euros per cubic metre of residue. A viability study for a number of members of the business consortium running the project is being currently carried out on this technology with the view to its introduction at an industrial level.
Elhuyar Fundazioa
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