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ESC Congress 2003: Bone marrow cells to repair myocardial infarction. Are they really capable of replacing injured cells and reducing infarct size?
August 31, 2003IMPORTANT: This press release accompanies a poster or oral session given at the ESC Congress 2003. Written by the investigator himself/herself, this press release does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Society of Cardiology
ESC Congress 2003: The heart is incapable of cardiocell regeneration after myocardial infarction or other injuries. After an acute myocardial infarction, non contractile scar tissue will develop with regional malefunction which may finally result in heart failure. Present treatment options include recanalization of the occluded coronary vessel to reduce the amount of injured cells and tailored medical therapy for heart failure. So far, common treatment has been unable to replace the scar tissue by contracting myocardial cells.
The new concept of cell transplantation has been addressed by two recent human investigations. Bone marrow cells of the patient are injected into the coronary circulation about one week after myocardial infarct to replace the injured cells and reduce the infarct size. This intervention seemed to be successful to reduce the contractile malefunction after myocardial infarction. The background of this observation is the new concept derived from animal experiments that some of adult bone marrow cells can home in the heart and then transdifferentiate to myocardial cells. Therefore, our goal in the present investigation was to repeat these clinical investigations in patients with large anterior myocardial infarcts.
Once the patients came into the hospital with an acute myocardial infarct the occluded vessel was mechanically recanalized with a balloon catheter to restore the blood flow instantly and the occlusion area was protected with a coronary stent.
Although blood flow is then re-established - due to the interruption of blood flow for several hours - many cells are dying and a myocardial scar is developing. Therefore, after 7 days 30 ml of bone marrow was drawn from a puncture of a hip bone and a certain subset of the cells (monocytic cells) were separated to a final volume of a about 8 - 10 ml containing 2.2 x 107 monocytic bone marrow cells. By a second catheterisation these cells were transferred into the coronary circulation over a balloon catheter into the injured tissue. The regional contractile force, the global contractile force and the regional coronary blood flow was measured at 3 month and 1 year after cell injection.
Contradictory to the previous investigations, our experiments in large myocardial infarcts do not demonstrate regional or global contractile improvement at 3 month and 1 year.
Therefore, the concept that patients bone marrow cells might replace injured myocardial cells and reduce infarct size can not be confirmed in patients with large myocardial infarctions.
Prof. Dr. Med. Hans R. Figulla
Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany
European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
Bone Marrow Current Events and Bone Marrow News RSSDormant stem cells for emergencies
Many specialized cells, such as in the skin, intestinal mucosa or blood, have a lifespan of only a few days. For these tissues to function, a steady replenishment of specialized cells is indispensable. This is the task of so-called "adult" stem cells also known as tissue stem cells.
Bone marrow-derived stem cells may offer novel therapeutic option for skin disorder
Stem cells derived from bone marrow may serve as a novel therapeutic option to treat a disease called epidermolysis bullosa (EB), a disorder characterized by extraordinarily fragile skin, according to a study prepublished online in Blood, the official journal of the American Society of Hematology.
New 'control knobs' for stem cells identified
Natural changes in voltage that occur across the membrane of adult human stem cells are a powerful controlling factor in the process by which these stem cells differentiate, according to research published by Tufts University scientists.
Genetic breakdown in Fanconi anemia may have link to HPV-associated cancer
A genetic malfunction that causes DNA instability in people with the blood disorder Fanconi anemia may put them at high risk for squamous cell carcinomas linked to human papillomavirus (HPV), according to a study posted online ahead of print by Oncogene.
Gene therapy corrects sickle cell disease in laboratory study
Using a harmless virus to insert a corrective gene into mouse blood cells, scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have alleviated sickle cell disease pathology.
Cold Spring Harbor Protocols features tissue culture methods for immune cells and neurons
The complexity of vital organ systems makes them difficult to study in living organisms. Tissue culture methods for specific cell types allow researchers to break these systems down into component parts that can be readily manipulated and observed.
Adult stem cell breakthrough
The first tissue-engineered trachea (windpipe), utilising the patient's own stem cells, has been successfully transplanted into a young woman with a failing airway. The bioengineered trachea immediately provided the patient with a normally functioning airway, thereby saving her life.
First trachea transplant without immunosuppression
After 4 years of going from consultation to consultation, Claudia Castillo finally found a solution to her respiratory problems. The young Colombian woman suffered from a cough that took a long time to be diagnosed as tuberculosis.
First Trial in the U.S. to Treat Both Ischemic & Non-Ischemic Heart Failure to be Performed by U of U Researchers Using Patient's Own Stem Cells
Researchers at the University of Utah are enrolling people in a new clinical trial that uses a patient's own stem cells to treat ischemic and non-ischemic heart failure.
UNC researchers find clue to stopping breast-cancer metastasis
If scientists knew exactly what a breast cancer cell needs to spread, then they could stop the most deadly part of the disease: metastasis. New research from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine takes a step in that direction.
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