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Swedes in favor of genetic engineering but against spread of genetic information

August 26, 2003

Swedes are becoming more and more favorably inclined toward genetic engineering. Two out of three Swedes now accept genetic engineering. This makes Swedes the people with the most favorable views in the EU. This has been demonstrated in a European research project in which three researchers from Mid Sweden University have participated, based on interviews with 1,000 Swedes regarding their views on genetic engineering.

"On the other hand, Swedes are the first among EU citizens to protest the right of social insurance offices and insurance companies to gain access to the genetic make-up of individuals," says Susanna Ã-hman, head of the Office for Education and Research at Mid Sweden University.




Within the framework of a major European study, researchers Susanna Ã-hman, Anna Olofsson, and Björn Fj'¦stad at Mid Sweden University have carried out an interview survey with Swedes about their views on genetic engineering. The interviews were done in 1996, 1999, and now, most recently, 2002. "The attitude in Sweden has become steadily more favorable to genetic engineering," says Anna Olofsson, researcher at Mid Sweden University.

The most positive attitudes among Swedes regard genetic testing to discover hereditary diseases and cloning of stem cells to replace sick cells in patients with Parkinson's disease or diabetes, for example.

Genetically modified foods are the only application that Swedes reject outright. Yet at the same time, if GM food turned out to contain less pesticide than other food, half of those interviewed would consider buying the product.

Those who are most critical of genetic engineering are younger, well-educated women who live in cities, are knowledgeable about genetic engineering, and have left-of-center political views. These individuals see genetic engineering as an environmental problem.

There is also a large critical group of poorly educated middle-aged and elderly men and women, not seldom religious, living in small towns. They have conservative values and see genetic engineering as a violation of the order of nature.

In Sweden, and Denmark as well, 93 percent of the population is against allowing social insurance offices and insurance companies to access the genetic information of citizens. This can be compared with the figures for Spain, Portugal, and Greece, where a fourth of the citizens think that insurance companies should be privy to such information.

Only in Sweden and Austria do a majority of citizens say that doctors should not have access to genetic information.

"Not even in criminal cases is there a majority in Sweden that thinks the police should be allowed to take genetic fingerprints," concludes Björn Fj'¦stad, adjunct professor of research communication at Mid Sweden University.

On October 2-3, 2003, a symposium will be held at Mid Sweden University, Campus Ã-stersund, under the title of "Genetic Engineering, the Public, and Society." This symposium, with the participation of researchers from Italy, Germany, and the Netherlands, aims to elucidate the latest developments in Swedish and European research on the status of genetic engineering in society.

Vetenskapsrådet (The Swedish Research Council)



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