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No-smoking policies in restaurants and bars don't harm business
February 21, 2003No-smoking policies in restaurants and bars don't harm business, despite concerted efforts by the tobacco industry to prove otherwise, shows a study in Tobacco Control.
The studies claiming that bars and restaurants lose money when smoking bans are imposed, are biased and of poor quality, the study shows.
The researchers trawled online databases and print references for all studies produced on the economic impact of smoking bans in bars and restaurants up to the end of August 2002. They included unpublished tobacco industry research, and in total, assessed the findings of 97 studies.
The quality of the studies concluding that smoking bans adversely affected revenues, was poor, the authors found. These studies were four times as likely to use subjective rather than objective measures to estimate impact, and they were 20 times as likely not to be peer reviewed.
Furthermore, none of the "negative" studies was funded by sources that were clearly independent of the tobacco industry.
Only one of the 31 industry funded studies had been published in a peer reviewed journal compared with almost 40% of those funded from other sources. And none of the industry studies met all the accepted criteria for quality, compared with over a third (35%) of those funded from other sources.
None of the 21quality studies reported a negative impact. In fact, four reported that bans had a positive effect on sales.
On the basis of the quality of the evidence, fears that smoking bans in bars and restaurants eat into revenues are unfounded, say the authors. And policy makers wishing to reduce exposure of employees and patrons to the dangers of second-hand tobacco smoke should be reassured by these findings, say the authors.
British Medical Journal (BMJ)
The quality of the studies concluding that smoking bans adversely affected revenues, was poor, the authors found. These studies were four times as likely to use subjective rather than objective measures to estimate impact, and they were 20 times as likely not to be peer reviewed.
Furthermore, none of the "negative" studies was funded by sources that were clearly independent of the tobacco industry.
Only one of the 31 industry funded studies had been published in a peer reviewed journal compared with almost 40% of those funded from other sources. And none of the industry studies met all the accepted criteria for quality, compared with over a third (35%) of those funded from other sources.
None of the 21quality studies reported a negative impact. In fact, four reported that bans had a positive effect on sales.
On the basis of the quality of the evidence, fears that smoking bans in bars and restaurants eat into revenues are unfounded, say the authors. And policy makers wishing to reduce exposure of employees and patrons to the dangers of second-hand tobacco smoke should be reassured by these findings, say the authors.
British Medical Journal (BMJ)
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