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The Lancet Neurology - January 2003
December 18, 2002STROKE IN THE 21st CENTURY
In the first issue of 2003, TLN examines stroke epidemiology and stroke trials. In their review, Valery Feigin and co-authors provide an overview of population-based studies of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and case-fatality of stroke based on studies reported between 1996 and 2002. From their analysis the authors conclude, "the burden of stroke is high and is likely to increase in future decades as a result of demographic and epidemiological transitions in populations". In an accompanying personal view, Ken Lees, Graeme Hankey, and Werner Hacke discuss the designs and results of all controlled trials of treatments for ischaemic stroke, and try to identify opportunities to improve future treatment assessment.
STATINS FOR THE TREATMENT OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
In a Reflection & Reaction article, John Greenwood and colleagues discuss the evidence supporting a role for statins-such as lovastatin and atorvastatin-in the treatment of multiple sclerosis by the prevention of CNS leucocyte accumulation. Since the mechanism of action of statins differs from that of currently approved treatments, there may be some benefit in a combination approach.
MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
Mild cognitive impairment is a recently adopted term to describe the transition between healthy ageing and dementia. In a review article, Charles DeCarli discusses the prevalence, pathophysiology, prognosis, and possibilities for the treatment of this condition. "Current estimates suggest that many people have various cognitive impairments that will substantially increase their risk of developing dementia, hence the urgent need to identify and treat these disorders", he writes.
OTHER REVIEWS:
Immunotherapy for autoimmune neuromuscular disorders
Cellular biology of epileptogenesis
Lancet
Mild cognitive impairment is a recently adopted term to describe the transition between healthy ageing and dementia. In a review article, Charles DeCarli discusses the prevalence, pathophysiology, prognosis, and possibilities for the treatment of this condition. "Current estimates suggest that many people have various cognitive impairments that will substantially increase their risk of developing dementia, hence the urgent need to identify and treat these disorders", he writes.
OTHER REVIEWS:
Lancet
Multiple Sclerosis Current Events and Multiple Sclerosis News RSSMultiple health concerns surface as winter, vitamin D deficiences arrive
A string of recent discoveries about the multiple health benefits of vitamin D has renewed interest in this multi-purpose nutrient, increased awareness of the huge numbers of people who are deficient in it, spurred research and even led to an appreciation of it as "nature's antibiotic."
Factors from common human bacteria may trigger multiple sclerosis
Current research suggests that a common oral bacterium may exacerbate autoimmune disease. The related report by Nichols et al, "Unique Lipids from a Common Human Bacterium Represent a New Class of TLR2 Ligands Capable of Enhancing Autoimmunity," appears in the December 2009 issue of The American Journal of Pathology.
Drug studied as possible treatment for spinal injuries
Researchers have shown how an experimental drug might restore the function of nerves damaged in spinal cord injuries by preventing short circuits caused when tiny "potassium channels" in the fibers are exposed.
CSHL team solves structure of NMDA receptor unit that could be drug target for neurological diseases
A team of scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) reports on Thursday their success in solving the molecular structure of a key portion of a cellular receptor implicated in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and other serious illnesses.
Men leave: Separation and divorce far more common when the wife is the patient
A woman is six times more likely to be separated or divorced soon after a diagnosis of cancer or multiple sclerosis than if a man in the relationship is the patient, according to a study that examined the role gender played in so-called "partner abandonment." The study also found that the longer the marriage the more likely it would remain intact.
Neurologists Investigate Possible New Underlying Cause of MS
Neurologists at the University at Buffalo are beginning a research study that could overturn the prevailing wisdom on the cause of multiple sclerosis (MS).
Scientists demonstrate link between genetic defect and brain changes in schizophrenia
Researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine have found that the 22q11 gene deletion - a mutation that confers the highest known genetic risk for schizophrenia - is associated with changes in the development of the brain that ultimately affect how its circuit elements are assembled.
Gentle touch may aid multiple sclerosis patients
While gripping, lifting or manipulating an object such as drinking from a cup or placing a book on a shelf is usually easy for most, it can be challenging for those with neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis or Parkinson's, or for people who had a stroke. For them, the tight gripping can cause fatigue, making everyday tasks difficult.
Urate in blood and spinal fluid may predict slower decline in patients with Parkinson's disease
Higher concentration of urate (an antioxidant) in the blood and spinal fluid of patients with early Parkinson's disease is associated with slower rates of clinical decline.
Oxidized form of a common vitamin may bring relief for ulcerative colitis
New research published in the Journal of Leukocyte Biology finds retinoic acid may alleviate ulcerative colitis and similar irritable bowel diseases.
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