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Portuguese distinguished in article about stomach cancer
June 18, 2002Three Portuguese researchers are co-authors of a scientific article about hereditary stomach cancer, published in the medical journal "New England Journal of Medicine" and recently awarded the Benjamin Castleman 2002 Award.
Attributed by the International Academy of Pathology, the prize distinguishes the best scientific work in human pathology published in the English language, in the world, during 2001.
Under the name of David Huntsman, of the University of British Columbia, in Vancouver (Canada), this article included the participation of F'¡tima Carneiro and Raquel Seruca, members of the teaching staff at the Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of Porto University (Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto - Ipatimup) and Carlos Caldas of the Department of Oncology of Cambridge University, apart from six other authors.
The aforementioned article confirms the recommendation of a total gastrectomy to prevent stomach cancer in carriers of defects in a certain gene, defects inherited from parents.
Despite being rare, these hereditary genetic mutations make their carriers extremely susceptible to a certain form of gastric cancer, already discovered in 1998.
The existence of defects in the gene responsible for the production of the protein called E-cadherin is part of the cause of the disease, which is located in the cellular membrane and allows the connection between the stomach cells.
The result of these mutations is the abnormal production or the absence of the production of the aforementioned protein, which leads, ultimately, to a diffuse type cancer, in which the cancerous cells appear disconnected.
It is worth mentioning that this article was done based on the experience of five people that had their stomachs removed, following the recommendation of a group of international doctors, because they were suffering from those hereditary mutations. Careful studies of the stomachs, carried out after their removal, revealed that, despite previous medical exam not having indicated such, small parts of malignant cells already existed in all patients.
In conclusion, close vigilance is not enough for the detection of the problem by way of the dissimulated form in which diffuse gastric cancer behaves. Or rather, the malignant cells infiltrate the stomach walls without causing superficial harm to the mucous membrane and go undetected in many biopsies.
Observatório da CiÙncia e do Ensino Superior
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