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PREOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY IMPROVES OUTCOME IN RECTAL CANCER (PP 1285, 1291)
October 17, 2001Preoperative radiotherapy reduces risk of local recurrence and death from rectal cancer, conclude authors of a systematic overview published in this week's issue of The Lancet.
There are different opinions about when it is best to give radiotherapy for rectal cancer. In Scandinavia, the Netherlands, and some other European countries, radiotherapy is usually given before an operation to remove the cancer, whereas in the UK and North America, radiotherapy is usually given after the operation.
An analysis of data from 8507 patients in 22 trials of radiotherapy treatment before or after surgery for cancer of the rectum (lower bowel) by the Colorectal Cancer Collaborative Group suggests that radiotherapy before surgery is preferable.
"We found there were about half as many local recurrences in those who had preoperative radiotherapy compared to those who had surgery alone. In those who had postoperative radiotherapy, local recurrences were reduced by a third." said Richard Gray from the University of Birmingham, UK, one of the organisers of the study. "We also found that fewer patients who had preoperative radiotherapy died from rectal cancer than did those who had surgery alone (45% vs 50%) but early deaths from other causes increased."
In an accompanying Commentary (p1285), Bruce D Minsky, from The Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre in New York, USA, cautions that the results " give support to adjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer. The uncertainties are the timing of the radiotherapy, the regimensand the value of concurrent chemotherapy."
Lancet
Lancet
Cancer Current Events and Cancer News RSSLaser therapy can aggravate skin cancer
High irradiances of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) should not be used over melanomas.
Reflux esophagitis due to immune reaction, not acute acid burn, UT Southwestern researchers report
Contrary to current thinking, a condition called gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) might not develop as a direct result of acidic digestive juices burning the esophagus, UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers have found in an animal study.
Engineer designs micro-endoscope to seek out early signs of cancer
Traditional endoscopes provide a peek inside patients' bodies. Now, a University of Florida engineering researcher is designing ones capable of a full inspection.
UAB Researchers Discover Antibody Receptor Identity, Propose Renaming Immune-System Gene
Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) have uncovered the genetic identity of a cellular receptor for the immune system's first-response antibody, a discovery that sheds new light on infection control and immune disorders.
Common pain relief medication may encourage cancer growth
Although morphine has been the gold-standard treatment for postoperative and chronic cancer pain for two centuries, a growing body of evidence is showing that opiate-based painkillers can stimulate the growth and spread of cancer cells.
Cancers' Sweet Tooth May Be Weakness
The pedal-to-the-metal signals driving the growth of several types of cancer cells lead to a common switch governing the use of glucose, researchers at Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University have discovered.
New on-off 'switch' triggers and reverses paralysis in animals with a beam of light
In an advance with overtones of Star Trek phasers and other sci-fi ray guns, scientists in Canada are reporting development of an internal on-off "switch" that paralyzes animals when exposed to a beam of ultraviolet light.
Toward explaining why hepatitis B hits men harder than women
Scientists in China are reporting discovery of unusual liver proteins, found only in males, that may help explain the long-standing mystery of why the hepatitis B virus (HBV) sexually discriminates -- hitting men harder than women.
Scientists find molecular trigger that helps prevent aging and disease
Researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine set out to address a question that has been challenging scientists for years: How do dietary restriction-and the reverse, overconsumption-produce protective effects against aging and disease?
UCLA researchers create 'fly paper' to capture circulating cancer cells
Just as fly paper captures insects, an innovative new device with nano-sized features developed by researchers at UCLA is able to grab cancer cells in the blood that have broken off from a tumor.
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