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Revolutionary approach for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
August 31, 2000Ghent scientists at VIB (the Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology) are developing what could be a revolutionary new approach for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): dairy bacteria that produce a natural anti-inflammatory therapeutic substance in the intestine. The results of this research are being published this week in the prestigious journal Science.
Ghent, 21 August 2000: A group of scientists, headed by Dr. Lothar Steidler, have developed a novel concept for the treatment of chronic intestinal inflammations. So far, the treatment has been proven only on mice, but this new discovery has the potential to revolutionise the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The scientists have genetically modified Lactococcus lactis, a bacterium used in the manufacture of dairy products, to produce a natural anti-inflammatory, interleukin-10 (IL-10). When administered orally, this novel strain can prevent and even cure chronic inflammatory bowel disease in mice by producing IL-10 locally in the intestine. The researchers work in the laboratory of Prof. Dr. Erik Remaut at VIB and the Ghent University. For this project, the group, already established as an international authority in the field of bacterial gene technology, joined forces with the team of Prof. Dr. Werner Falk, a renowned expert in the field of inflammation at the University of Regensburg in Germany.
Inflammatory bowel diseases affect about 1 in every 1000 persons in western countries, and the number of new cases, especially among children, is rising. Ulcerative colitis is an ailment of the large intestine, whereas Crohn’s disease can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Both diseases are characterised by extremely unpleasant symptoms, including: diarrhea, abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, fever, nausea, weight loss, lethargy and loss of appetite – which have a very negative impact on quality of life. If left untreated, these diseases lead to malnutrition, dehydration and anaemia; and extreme cases can even lead to death. Children with IBD display stunted growth and physical development as a consequence of malnutrition, which in adolescents can also have psychological implications.
Conventional treatment during active, severe phases of these diseases currently involves powerful immunosuppressive chemotherapy and surgery. Long-term anti-inflammatory medications are required when inflammation is less severe or following surgery to prevent relapse of the disease. Administered orally or by injection, only a fraction of the medicine reaches the intended target site, the inflamed intestinal lining. This is clearly an inefficient approach, and, moreover, leads to a spectrum of unwanted side effects because the bulk of the active components enters into tissues not affected by the disease.
Normally, IL-10 is produced by the body’s immune cells to suppress inflammations. Mice that cannot make IL-10 spontaneously develop IBD, suggesting an important role for this natural anti-inflammatory agent in protecting against intestinal inflammation. IL-10 is, therefore, a good candidate for the treatment of IBD. However, when administered by injection, the large amounts of IL-10 distributed throughout the body can lead to side effects; and so, in that respect, IL-10 is no better than conventional therapy with synthetic immunosuppressants. The use of the IL-10-producing Lactococcus lactis solves this problem by locally delivering IL-10 directly into the intestine. This process has the added advantage of protecting the active component from degradation in the stomach and small intestine. In comparison with administration by injection, 10,000 times less IL-10 effectively cures IBD in mouse models when administered by this new, targeted method.
This new technology need not be limited to chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, but can also lead to the development of a whole spectrum of treatment methods that can be administered via the intestine.
Ghent University
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Current Events and Inflammatory Bowel Disease News RSSLargest gene study of childhood IBD identifies 5 new genes
In the largest, most comprehensive genetic analysis of childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), an international research team has identified five new gene regions, including one involved in a biological pathway that helps drive the painful inflammation of the digestive tract that characterizes the disease.
Gastroenterology/hepatology societies release report evaluating fellowship training curriculum
Due to the increasing complexities of treating digestive diseases, allowing gastroenterological (GI) trainee physicians the opportunity to develop enhanced abilities and experiences in specific disease areas or procedures will be a great benefit to patients, according to a "Report of the Multisociety Task Force on GI Training."
M. D. Anderson redefines screening guidelines for breast, cervical and colorectal cancers
Drawing on years of experience in cancer research and patient care, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center released today the most comprehensive, risk-based screening guidelines publicly available to date for breast, cervical and colorectal cancers.
Probiotic Found to Be Effective Treatment for Colitis In Mice
The probiotic, Bacillus polyfermenticus, can help mice recover from colitis, a new study has found.
The bowels of infection
Current research suggests that latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection may exacerbate inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The related report by Onyeagocha et al, "Latent cytomegalovirus infection exacerbates experimental colitis," appears in the November 2009 issue of The American Journal of Pathology.
Discovery of genetic defect may lead to better treatments for common gut diseases
New findings related to an uncommon genetic disorder may impact the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the most common chronic gastrointestinal illness in children and teens. Two million Americans have IBD which involves inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.
Pitt researchers net $5 million from NIH to explore better ways to grow cells for regenerative medicine
Regenerative medicine researchers at the University of Pittsburgh received two grants totaling more than $5 million from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to explore new methods for cultivating replacement cells from existing tissues and organs.
Visionary concept earns La Jolla Institute scientist prestigious NIH Pioneer Award
A scientist at the La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology has received one of the National Institutes of Health (NIH)'s top awards -- the 2009 NIH Director's Pioneer Award.
Promising new target emerges for autoimmune diseases
University of Michigan scientists say they have uncovered a fundamentally new mechanism that holds in check aggressive immune cells that can attack the body's own cells.
Antimicrobial antibodies in celiac disease: Trick or treat?
Anti-microbial antibody formation has been reported in celiac disease.
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