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Virtual biopsy could make smear tests obsolete
April 21, 1999Standard screening techniques involve removing small pieces of tissue - a biopsy - and examining them under a microscope. "This is traumatic, time-consuming and expensive," says Smallwood, "so we wondered if we could make a non-traumatic measurement that would tell us what the cells were doing." It turns out that they can, by measuring an electrical property called impedance - this varies depending on the size, shape and organisation of the cells, all of which change when cancer develops. "The next step is to predict the impedance behaviour from the three-dimensional structure of the tissue using a modelling procedure called finite element analysis," says Smallwood. "In practice, this is very difficult because human tissue is so complex, and the computing power to do it has only just become available."
The study is now entering a small-scale clinical trial and has been extended to include cancers of the oesophagus and bladder. "These cancers all develop in the same way through changes in the internal mucosa," says Smallwood. "Bladder cancer is particularly difficult to diagnose, involving a biopsy under general anaesthetic, but only 25 per cent of inflammations are pre-cancerous. If we can refine our screening method we could save patients a lot of trauma."
ends
Royal Academy of Engineering
Cancer Current Events and Cancer News RSSResearch sheds light on workings of anti-cancer drug
The copper sequestering drug tetrathiomolybdate (TM) has been shown in studies to be effective in the treatment of Wilson disease, a disease caused by an overload of copper, and certain metastatic cancers.
Physician-scientist proves stem cells heal lungs of newborn animals
Dr. Bernard Thébaud lives in two very different worlds. As a specialist in the Stollery Children's Hospital's Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at the Royal Alexandra Hospital, he cares for tiny babies, many of whom struggle for breath after being born weeks before they are due.
New figures on cancer in Europe show a steady decline in mortality but big variations
New figures on deaths from cancer in Europe show a steady decline in mortality between the periods 1990-1994 and 2000-2004. Deaths from all cancers in the European Union (EU) between these two periods fell by nine percent in men and eight percent in women, with a large drop among the middle-aged population.
Elastography reduces unnecessary breast biopsies
Elastography is an effective, convenient technique that, when added to breast ultrasound, helps distinguish cancerous breast lesions from benign results, according to an ongoing study presented today at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA).
Health Physics Society recommends considering action for indoor radon below current guidelines
Radon is a colorless and odorless radioactive gas that is produced by the radioactive decay of radium. Radium is a product of uranium decay and is found in trace amounts naturally in nearly all rocks, soils, and groundwater as well as building materials, plants, animals, and the human body.
First live targeting of tumors with RNA-based technology
Finding and treating a tumor without disturbing normal tissue presents challenges - sometimes the most effective therapies can be invasive and harsh.
Menopause-cardiology consensus statement on cardiovascular disease and on HRT
A menopause-cardiology consensus statement has called for direct action to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) in menopausal women. The statement also concludes that there is little evidence of increased CVD risk in taking HRT.
Other Illnesses, Body Weight Do Not Explain Racial Disparities in Colon Cancer Survival, UAB Researchers Say
A new study by University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) researchers shows that body-mass index (BMI) and co-existing medical conditions (co-morbidity) do not explain the decreased survival observed among African-Americans compared to Caucasians who also have colon cancer.
Multiple health concerns surface as winter, vitamin D deficiences arrive
A string of recent discoveries about the multiple health benefits of vitamin D has renewed interest in this multi-purpose nutrient, increased awareness of the huge numbers of people who are deficient in it, spurred research and even led to an appreciation of it as "nature's antibiotic."
AIDS research reveals a lack of family-planning programs in Uganda
University of Alberta graduate student Jennifer Heys wants to make her message clear: there needs to be more education in Ugandan communities about contraception.
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