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News from the Fran Laboratory of Neutron Physics
April 14, 1999Since 1984, for 15 years, in the Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna, Russia),the highest intensity research neutron source in the world, the IBR-2 pulsing nuclear reactor, has been operating. It was commissioned on February 10 and the program of physical experiments started on April 9, 1984. The pulsing reactor IBR-2 is an economic, relatively inexpensive and, as a 15-year experience has shown, safe and simple in operation machine. At the same time, the reactor generates a record, for research reactors, thermal neutron flux in the pulse of 1016n/cm2sec.
The IBR-2 operation experience proves that it is an efficient neutron source for a majority of applications and is competitive with best proton accelerator-based sources.
A many-year experience of operation of pulsing nuclear reactors in Dubna has demonstrated that they are efficient and economic facilities providing unique possibilities of research in many fields of modern science. Such reactors play an important role in formation of ideas and finding technological solutions of creation of new neutron sources in the world. Successful operation of the IBR-2 reactor for over 10 years has stimulated a new direction, the development of long pulse neutron sources.
To investigate the properties of condensed matter, various experimental techniques, many of which are unique experimental methods, have been elaborated.
In particular, 35 years ago, time-of-flight diffractometry experiments with wave length scanning by the time of flight of the neutron in the diffractometer started at the reactors of JINR. Actually, they were the first real experiments in the field that demonstrated the validity of the method. The next stage in the development of the method was the construction in 1992 of a high resolution Fourier diffractometer at IBR-2 that at present, is one of the best of its kind in the world.
The experience of operation of the first Fourier diffractometer at the pulsed neutron source shows that in neutron diffractometry, there are opening new possibilities, especially, in connection with creation of high flux neutron sources of the new generation. The importance of the work is confirmed by nomination of a cycle of experiments in time-of-flight diffractometry for the State Prize of Russia.
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR)
In particular, 35 years ago, time-of-flight diffractometry experiments with wave length scanning by the time of flight of the neutron in the diffractometer started at the reactors of JINR. Actually, they were the first real experiments in the field that demonstrated the validity of the method. The next stage in the development of the method was the construction in 1992 of a high resolution Fourier diffractometer at IBR-2 that at present, is one of the best of its kind in the world.
The experience of operation of the first Fourier diffractometer at the pulsed neutron source shows that in neutron diffractometry, there are opening new possibilities, especially, in connection with creation of high flux neutron sources of the new generation. The importance of the work is confirmed by nomination of a cycle of experiments in time-of-flight diffractometry for the State Prize of Russia.
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR)
Nuclear Current Events and Nuclear News RSSPlasma produces KO cocktail for MRSA
MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus) and other drug-resistant bacteria could face annihilation as low-temperature plasma prototype devices have been developed to offer safe, quick, easy and unfailing bactericidal cocktails.
Observation of confinement phenomenon in condensed matter
An experiment has confirmed that spinons, particle-like magnetic excitations, can be confined in a magnetic insulator similar to the way elementary quarks are confined within individual protons and neutrons.
First live targeting of tumors with RNA-based technology
Finding and treating a tumor without disturbing normal tissue presents challenges - sometimes the most effective therapies can be invasive and harsh.
Scientists watch as peptides control crystal growth with 'switches, throttles and brakes'
By producing some of the highest resolution images of peptides attaching to mineral surfaces, scientists have a deeper understanding how biomolecules manipulate the growth crystals. This research may lead to a new treatment for kidney stones using biomolecules.
Genetic analysis helps dissect molecular basis of cardiovascular disease
Using highly precise measurements of plasma lipoprotein concentrations determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), researchers led by Daniel Chasman at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School in Boston, MA, the Framingham Heart Study in Framingham, and the PROCARDIS consortium in Stockholm, Sweden and Oxford, England performed genetic association analysis across the whole genome among 17,296 women of European ancestry from the Women's Genome Health Study.
Is global warming unstoppable?
In a provocative new study, a University of Utah scientist argues that rising carbon dioxide emissions - the major cause of global warming - cannot be stabilized unless the world's economy collapses or society builds the equivalent of one new nuclear power plant each day.
Nuclear weapons: Predicting the unthinkable
If a nuclear weapon were detonated in a metropolitan area, how large would the affected area be? Where should first responders first go? According to physicist Fernando Grinstein, we have some initial understanding to address these questions, but fundamental issues remain unresolved.
An atomic-level look at an HIV accomplice
Since the discovery in 2007 that a component of human semen called SEVI boosts infectivity of the virus that causes AIDS, researchers have been trying to learn more about SEVI and how it works, in hopes of thwarting its infection-promoting activity.
Proton's party pals may alter its internal structure
A recent experiment at the Department of Energy's Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility has found that a proton's nearest neighbors in the nucleus of the atom may modify the proton's internal structure.
Chromosomes dance and pair up on the nuclear membrane
Meiosis - the pairing and recombination of chromosomes, followed by segregation of half to each egg or sperm cell - is a major crossroads in all organisms reproducing sexually.
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