 |
|
How breastfeeding affects HIV transmission
October 21, 2005Mother to child transmission of HIV accounts for a large proportion of HIV infections in children, with many infected as a result of breastfeeding, which requires transfer of the virus across mucosal barriers. DC-SIGN, a DC lectin receptor, interacts with HIV and is found at high expression levels in tonsillar tissue.
In a paper appearing online on October 20 in advance of print publication of the November issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, William Paxton and colleagues from the University of Amsterdam clarify how human milk affects the HIV interactions with DC-SIGN that occur during breastfeeding.
The authors show that human milk can block the binding of HIV to the DC-SIGN molecule expressed on dendritic cells and potently inhibit the transfer of HIV-1 to CD4+ T-lymphocytes. The authors identify the component present in human milk that binds to DC-SIGN. The inhibitory effect can be fully alleviated with an antibody recognizing the Lewis X sugar epitope on this factor. Other major milk proteins do not bind to DC-SIGN nor inhibit viral transfer. These results demonstrate that protein associated Lewis X is necessary and sufficient to interact withDC-SIGN and block the interaction of DC-SIGN and HIV.
The identification of a factor in human milk that can block HIV-1 transmission, the ability of the factor to inhibit the virus from binding to DCs, and the potential immunomodulatory implications of such a compound has major implications for the development of agents that can block HIV transmission.
Journal of Clinical Investigation
The identification of a factor in human milk that can block HIV-1 transmission, the ability of the factor to inhibit the virus from binding to DCs, and the potential immunomodulatory implications of such a compound has major implications for the development of agents that can block HIV transmission.
Journal of Clinical Investigation
HIV Transmission Current Events and HIV Transmission News RSSWomen in India abused by husbands at far greater risk for HIV infection
India is home to the third-largest number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cases in the world and, as in the U.S. and many African nations, the rate of infection among women continues to rise faster than that among men.
Hope: An overlooked tool in the battle against HIV/AIDS
The links between HIV transmission and the degree to which people are able to adopt realistic plans to achieve future projects, in other words, hope, have been overlooked in policies to tackle HIV/AIDS. New research funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) argues that hope is a powerful tool in the battle to stop the spread of HIV/AIDS.
Study highlights risky behavior, lack of care among HIV-infected crack users
Doctors who treat HIV-infected crack users refer to them as "the forgotten population." A study being presented at this week's International AIDS Conference in Mexico City reveals that these patients frequently lack outpatient health care, do not receive life-saving antiretroviral therapy and continue to engage in risky sexual behavior that likely contributes to HIV transmission.
Early cessation of breastfeeding by HIV+ women in poor countries and child survival
A new study by researchers from Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health addresses one of the most challenging issues in infant health and preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission in poor countries.
UT Pathologists Believe They Have Pinpointed Achilles Heel of HIV
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) researchers at The University of Texas Medical School at Houston believe they have uncovered the Achilles heel in the armor of the virus that continues to kill millions.
Extended infant antiretroviral prophylaxis reduces HIV risk during breastfeeding
In many resource-poor countries, infants born to mothers with HIV receive a single dose of nevirapine (NVP) and a one-week dose of zidovudine (ZDV) to prevent transmission of HIV from the mother to her newborn.
HIV Infection Stems From Few Viruses
A new study reveals the genetic identity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the version responsible for sexual transmission, in unprecedented detail.
Prisoner HIV program leads to continuum of medical care after release
By linking HIV positive prisoners to community-based medical care prior to release through an innovative program called Project Bridge, 95 percent of ex-offenders were retained in health care for a year after being released from incarceration, according to researchers from The Miriam Hospital.
An MUHC team evaluates a new saliva-based HIV test to speed up detection
The usual waiting period for the results of a HIV test can seem like an eternity, especially in emergency situations where results are needed immediately.
Preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission in low-income countries
Can HIV transmission in pregnancy in low income settings be prevented with round the clock rapid testing in labor?
More HIV Transmission Current Events and HIV Transmission News Articles
| HIV Transmission Through Breastfeeding: A Review of Available Evidence | |
 | Positive Prevention: Reducing HIV Transmission among People Living with HIV/AIDS (Perspectives on Critical Care Infectious Diseases) "This book is a 'must read' for those interested in the prevention of HIV transmission. It has enough breadth to provide a general overview of 'prevention with positives' and enough detail to satisfy and educate those already working in this area. Clinicians who want to develop or refine their approaches to counseling patients with HIV will find this book valuable." (Gary Marks, PhD., New... |
 | Preventing HIV Transmission: The Role of Sterile Needles and Bleach by Panel on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs, National Research Council and Institute of Medicine This volume addresses the interface of the two national epidemics of HIV/AIDS and intravenous drug use. The authors reach conclusions about the efficacy of needle exchange and bleach distribution and offers concrete recommendations for public policy to reduce the spread of... |
| Preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV in women of unknown HIV status.(Round up: HIV/AIDS): An article from: Reproductive Health Matters This digital document is an article from Reproductive Health Matters, published by Reproductive Health Matters on May 1, 2004. The length of the article is 345 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.Citation... | |
 | Hotel Ritz--Comparing Mexican and U.S. Street Prostitutes: Factors in HIV/Aids Transmission (Haworth Psychosocial Issues of HIV/AIDS) (Haworth Psychosocial Issues of HIV/AIDS) by R Dennis Shelby, David J Bellis |
 | Intimacy and Responsibility: The Criminalisation of HIV Transmission by Matthew Weait In what circumstances and on what basis, should those who transmit serious diseases to their sexual partners be criminalized? In this new book Matthew Weait provides a critical analysis of the response of the English criminal courts to those who have been convicted of transmitting HIV during sex.Examining cases and engaging with the socio-cultural dimensions of HIV/AIDS and sexuality, he provides... |
| Solutions to the Problem of Health Care Transmission of HIV/AIDS in Africa: Hearing Before the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, Un by United States | |
| Exclusive breast-feeding inhibits HIV transmission.(Infectious Diseases): An article from: Family Practice News by Timothy F. Kirn This digital document is an article from Family Practice News, published by Thomson Gale on May 1, 2007. The length of the article is 614 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.Citation DetailsTitle: Exclusive... | |
| AIDS CDC's investigation of HIV transmissions by a dentist : report to the Chairman, Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations Subcommittee, Committee ... Representatives (SuDoc GA 1.13:PEMD-92-31) by U.S. General Accounting Office | |
| Educating African pastors on mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS.: An article from: Journal of Nursing Scholarship by Aaron Santmyire, Marian Jamison This digital document is an article from Journal of Nursing Scholarship, published by Thomson Gale on December 22, 2006. The length of the article is 5892 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.Citation... |
| © 2008 BrightSurf.com |