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Preemies defy odds and overcome difficulties by adulthood: Study
February 08, 2006Look around, can you tell who among your friends were tiny, preemie babies?
As young adults, the majority of extremely low birth-weight infants are attaining similar levels of education, employment and independence as normal birth-weight infants, according to a study by researchers at the Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine at McMaster University in the February 8 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).
This is good news for the infants and their parents, as more than a quarter of low birth weight children have development difficulties such as cerebral palsy, blindness and delayed development, compared to two per cent of normal birth-weight infants.
Dr. Saroj Saigal, professor of pediatrics, conducted a study over two years to determine the outcomes at young adulthood of extremely low birth-weight infants, in comparison to a group of normal birth-weight children.
The measures of successful transition to adulthood included educational attainment, student and/or working roles, independent living, getting married, and parenthood.
The study included 166 extremely low birth-weight people who weighed 1.1 to 2.2 lbs. at birth and were born between 1977 and 1982 as well as 145 socio-demographically comparable normal birth-weight participants.
The low birth-weight infants have been followed from birth, the normal birth-weight children were recruited at age eight years. Both the low birth-weight and normal birth-weight children were assessed at ages eight, as teens and at young adulthood of 22 to 25 years old.
The proportion of participants who graduated from high school was similar (82 percent of low birth weight infants compared to 87 percent of those with normal birth weight). Overall, no statistically significant differences were observed in the education achieved to date. A substantial proportion of both groups were still pursuing postsecondary education (32 percent versus 33 percent).
No significant differences were observed in employment or school status, as 48 percent of low birth-weight and 57 percent of normal birth-weight young adults were permanently employed.
No significant differences were found in the proportion living independently, married/cohabiting, or who were parents.
The age of attainment of the above markers was similar for both groups. These findings hold even though participants included the 27 per cent of low birth-weight and two per cent of normal birth-weight people with disabilities.
"Against our expectations and many odds, a significant majority of young adults who were low birth weight infants have overcome earlier difficulties to become functional members of society," said Dr. Saigal, a neonatologist with the McMaster Children's Hospital in Hamilton.
"It isn't clear what factors contributed to the positive outcome beyond adolescence, as all through childhood the low birth weight cohort was significantly compromised in comparison with their peers. Our study should provide hope to parents for an equivalent, if not a better, future for their premature children in the longer term."
Saigal says more studies from research centres with established databases from the recent era are needed.
McMaster University
Dr. Saroj Saigal, professor of pediatrics, conducted a study over two years to determine the outcomes at young adulthood of extremely low birth-weight infants, in comparison to a group of normal birth-weight children.
The measures of successful transition to adulthood included educational attainment, student and/or working roles, independent living, getting married, and parenthood.
The study included 166 extremely low birth-weight people who weighed 1.1 to 2.2 lbs. at birth and were born between 1977 and 1982 as well as 145 socio-demographically comparable normal birth-weight participants.
The low birth-weight infants have been followed from birth, the normal birth-weight children were recruited at age eight years. Both the low birth-weight and normal birth-weight children were assessed at ages eight, as teens and at young adulthood of 22 to 25 years old.
The proportion of participants who graduated from high school was similar (82 percent of low birth weight infants compared to 87 percent of those with normal birth weight). Overall, no statistically significant differences were observed in the education achieved to date. A substantial proportion of both groups were still pursuing postsecondary education (32 percent versus 33 percent).
No significant differences were observed in employment or school status, as 48 percent of low birth-weight and 57 percent of normal birth-weight young adults were permanently employed.
No significant differences were found in the proportion living independently, married/cohabiting, or who were parents.
The age of attainment of the above markers was similar for both groups. These findings hold even though participants included the 27 per cent of low birth-weight and two per cent of normal birth-weight people with disabilities.
"Against our expectations and many odds, a significant majority of young adults who were low birth weight infants have overcome earlier difficulties to become functional members of society," said Dr. Saigal, a neonatologist with the McMaster Children's Hospital in Hamilton.
"It isn't clear what factors contributed to the positive outcome beyond adolescence, as all through childhood the low birth weight cohort was significantly compromised in comparison with their peers. Our study should provide hope to parents for an equivalent, if not a better, future for their premature children in the longer term."
Saigal says more studies from research centres with established databases from the recent era are needed.
McMaster University
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Pregnant women with asthma, the most common condition affecting the lungs during pregnancy, should actively manage their asthma in order to optimize the health of mother and the baby, according to new management recommendations published in the current issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
A healthy color
About 80 percent of adults suffer from some form of periodontal, or gum disease, which can result in not just tooth loss, but has also been linked to heart disease, diabetes, blood infection, low birth-weight babies, cancer and most recently, obesity.
Research exposes new target for malaria drugs
The malaria parasite has waged a successful guerrilla war against the human immune system for eons, but a study in this week's Journal of Biological Chemistry has exposed one of the tricks malaria uses to hide from the immune proteins, which may aid in future drug development.
Revise guidelines for weight gain during pregnancy, says Saint Louis U. obstetrician
Current recommendations for weight gain during pregnancy - developed by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 1990 - should be revised, according to an internationally recognized obesity expert and chairman of the department of obstetrics, gynecology and women's health at Saint Louis University.
Born to lose: How birth weight affects adult health and success
Birth weight has significant and lasting effects, a new study finds. Weighing less than 5.5 pounds at birth increases the probability of dropping out of high school by one-third, reduces yearly earnings by about 15 percent and burdens people in their 30s and 40s with the health of someone who is 12 years older.
TIGR researchers reveal tricks of common sexually transmitted infection
It's the world's most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection. There are an estimated 8 million cases of trich - pronounced "trick" - a year in North America and 170 million cases worldwide.
Solvent exposure linked to birth defects in babies of male painters
Men who paint for a living may be placing their unborn children at increased risk of birth defects and low birth weight.
Two-thirds of pregnant women with depression aren't getting treatment for it
The majority of pregnant women who have full-blown major depression aren't getting any treatment for the condition, and neither are most pregnant women who have signs of milder depression or depression risk, a new University of Michigan Depression Center study finds.
Young teens see pregnancy as a way to enhance relationships
Younger teen-agers who become pregnant tend to view pregnancy as a way to form or enhance connections with others, and are less likely to think they are unprepared to raise a child.
UCL scientists gauge pain in premature babies
Scientists at UCL (University College London) have measured responses to pain in the brains of premature babies and have shown that they are likely to experience 'true' pain rather than simply displaying reflex reactions.
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