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U of MN researchers identify new cord blood stem cell

February 14, 2006

Discovery suggests potential treatment for regenerating nerve tissue after stroke

Researchers at the University of Minnesota Medical School have discovered a new population of cells in human umbilical cord blood that have properties of primitive stem cells.




Umbilical cord blood is generally known to contain hematopoietic stem cells that can only produce cells found in blood. The new findings, however, identify a small population of cord blood cells with the characteristics of more primitive stem cells that have the potential to produce a greater variety of cell types.

"We are excited by this discovery because it provides additional insight into how stem cells can restore function in the brain after injury," said Walter Low, Ph.D., senior investigator of the study, and professor of Neurosurgery and the Stem Cell Institute at the University of Minnesota.

This research was published in the latest issue of the journal Stem Cells and Development.

Transplantation of these human cord blood stem cells into laboratory rodents with experimental strokes resulted in significant reductions in the size of brain lesion, and improved these animals' use of their limbs.

Some of the transplanted stem cells developed into "neuron-like" cells that are typically found in the brain. In addition, the transplanted cells also induced an unanticipated reorganization of host nerve fibers within the brain, which may explain why the rats regained function, Low said.

University of Minnesota



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Cord Blood: Establishing a National Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank Program

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With the potential for self-renewal and differentiation, the possibilities for stem cells are enormous. One specific type of stem cell, the hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC), which is derived from umbilical cord blood (as well as adult bone marrow and mobilized peripheral blood), holds particular promise. To make the most of these HPCs, the Institute of Medicine was asked to consider the optimal structure for a national cord blood program and to address pertinent issues related to maximizing the potential of stem cell technology. "Cord Blood: Establishing a National Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank Program" examines: the role of cord blood in stem cell transplantation; the current status of blood banks already in existence; the optimal structure for the cord blood program; the current use...

ABC News Nightline Banking on your Future

ABC News Nightline Banking on your Future

Storing umbilical cord blood is a growing phenomenon. Private cord blood banks across the country are providing storage for thousands of parents and there are a lot of parents out there who think they will be letting their children down if they don't participate. The question is, how useful are they? And if storing cord blood is a useful thing to do, should there be more public cord blood banks accessible to everyone, including those who might not be able to afford private banks? ABC News will examine the science and the social implications of this new trend in medicine. Is it an example of a scientific breakthrough vital to all, or an example of 'boutique medicine' dividing those with means from those without?

Anchor: Ted Koppel

Airdate: 10/4/2005

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