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Key nutrients critical for older infants' development
April 10, 2006Conference at Experimental Biology explores advances in infant feeding over past 25 years
SAN FRANCISCO - According to Nancy Krebs, M.D., a professor of Pediatrics at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and former Chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Committee on Nutrition, it can be difficult to meet the nutritional needs of older infants. Since human milk alone is no longer adequate to meet infant nutritional requirements after 6 months of age, the importance of complementary foods was stressed. In older infants, Krebs showed that meat could be a critical complementary food for providing recommended zinc and iron levels.
John L. Beard, Ph.D., a professor of Nutritional Sciences at Pennsylvania State University, stressed iron is critical in the developing nervous system. "All data to date, in three species, suggest a critical period exists in early life that requires the adequate delivery of iron to the brain," he said.
Krebs and Beard, along with other international and U.S. speakers presented yesterday to nutrition scientists at the Experimental Biology* meeting. The special session, Advances in Meeting the Nutritional Needs of Infants Worldwide, highlighted achievements and challenges in infant nutrition and health outcomes over the past quarter-century, stressed the importance of breastfeeding infants in the first six months of life and also provided an overview of opportunities for further research and progress.
Kim F. Michaelsen, M.D., Ph.D., a professor of Human Nutrition at the Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University in Denmark described improved breastfeeding rates over the past 25 years as well as the benefits of human milk. In a new analysis of United States Agency for International Development data from 20 developing countries, Bernadette M. Marriott, Ph.D., from RTI International, confirmed the high prevalence of breastfeeding throughout the first year of life yet also noted the common use of water, sweetened beverages, and solid foods as well as the less common use of animal milks and infant formulas over this same period in these countries.
As noted by the AAP in its 2005 Policy Statement Breastfeeding and the Use of Human Milk, "Infants weaned before 12 months of age should not receive cow's milk but should receive iron-fortified infant formula." Conference participants, moderated by William C. Heird, M.D., professor of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine, underscored the importance of nutrition throughout infancy, particularly the need to improve the nutritional quality of complementary foods in older infants' diets. In that respect, Dr. Heird noted the progress made in infant formulas with the addition of important nutrients like taurine, carnitine, nucleotides, and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids over the past 25 years.
Kellen Communications
Krebs and Beard, along with other international and U.S. speakers presented yesterday to nutrition scientists at the Experimental Biology* meeting. The special session, Advances in Meeting the Nutritional Needs of Infants Worldwide, highlighted achievements and challenges in infant nutrition and health outcomes over the past quarter-century, stressed the importance of breastfeeding infants in the first six months of life and also provided an overview of opportunities for further research and progress.
Kim F. Michaelsen, M.D., Ph.D., a professor of Human Nutrition at the Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University in Denmark described improved breastfeeding rates over the past 25 years as well as the benefits of human milk. In a new analysis of United States Agency for International Development data from 20 developing countries, Bernadette M. Marriott, Ph.D., from RTI International, confirmed the high prevalence of breastfeeding throughout the first year of life yet also noted the common use of water, sweetened beverages, and solid foods as well as the less common use of animal milks and infant formulas over this same period in these countries.
As noted by the AAP in its 2005 Policy Statement Breastfeeding and the Use of Human Milk, "Infants weaned before 12 months of age should not receive cow's milk but should receive iron-fortified infant formula." Conference participants, moderated by William C. Heird, M.D., professor of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine, underscored the importance of nutrition throughout infancy, particularly the need to improve the nutritional quality of complementary foods in older infants' diets. In that respect, Dr. Heird noted the progress made in infant formulas with the addition of important nutrients like taurine, carnitine, nucleotides, and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids over the past 25 years.
Kellen Communications
Infant Nutrition Current Events and Infant Nutrition News RSSPre-chewed food could transmit HIV
Researchers have uncovered the first cases in which HIV almost certainly was transmitted from mothers or other caregivers to children through pre-chewed food.
New infant feeding and obesity research adds insight to ongoing issue
The February edition of the Journal of Nutrition offers new insights into possible associations between infant feeding and health outcomes related to obesity.
New studies add insights to infant feeding and obesity issue
On Wednesday, April 9, 2008, a symposium at the American Society for Nutrition's annual meeting at Experimental Biology was held in which noted scientists discussed new infant feeding studies that used methodology such as randomized clinical trials (involving breastfeeding promotion) as well as sibling pairs analysis.
Prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke raises blood pressure in infants
Infants whose mothers smoke during pregnancy have substantially higher blood pressures in their first months of life, Dutch researchers reported in Hypertension: Journal of the American Heart Association. A study of 456 infants in The Netherlands showed that, by age 2 months, babies born to mothers who smoked had higher systolic blood pressures compared to those whose mothers didn't smoke and weren't exposed to smoke during pregnancy.
Toxic milk
In the August 1 issue of G&D, Dr. Ronald Evans (Salk Institute) and colleagues report on their discovery that mutations in the mouse gene encoding PPARγ adversely affect lactation milk quality, and have serious health consequences for nursing pups.
HIV in breast milk killed by flash-heating, new study finds
A simple method of flash-heating breast milk infected with HIV successfully inactivated the free-floating virus, according to a new study led by researchers at the Berkeley and Davis campuses of the University of California.
Can we prevent type 1 diabetes by modifying infant nutrition?
Within the next 10 years the EU-funded Diabetes Prevention study, part of an international study called TRIGR (Trial to Reduce IDDM in the Genetically at Risk), coordinated at the University of Helsinki, Finland, will generate a definite answer to the question whether early nutritional modification may prevent type 1 diabetes later in childhood.
Delayed Umbilical Cord Clamping Boosts Iron in Infants
Just a two-minute delay in clamping a baby's umbilical cord can boost the child's iron reserves and prevent anemia for months, report nutritionists at the University of California, Davis.
Fluidizing infant gruels with amylase to improve their nutritional value
The growth problems which affect the children of the countries of the South are attributable, among other causes, to insufficient and inappropriate complementary feeds. Such supplements are mainly composed of gruels made with flour from locally grown cereals mixed with water. Rich in starch, these gruels thicken and swell when cooked. Mothers therefore reduce the quantity of flour in the mixtures to obtain a more fluid consistency, more palatable for the infants. This reduces significantly the gruel's energy and nutrient content, making it difficult to ensure the children receive their nutritional needs and consequently is detrimental to their growth. Scientists from the IRD research unit &
Mild Undernutrition In Infancy Could Be Linked To Cardiovascular Health Benefits Later In Life (p1089)
Authors of a UK study in this week's issue of THE LANCET suggest that current recommendations for early infant nutrition may need to be reviewed-if future research confirms preliminary findings suggesting a link between lower nutrient intake and slower growth of babies born prematurely with better cardiovascular health later in life. The acceleration of infant growth is thought to increase the later susceptibility to insulin resistance and non-insulin-dependent diabetes in animals; slow growth resulting from undernutrition is therefore thought to have a beneficial effect. To test this proposal in humans, Atul Singhal, Alan Lucas and colleagues from the Institute of Child Health, London, UK,
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