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Dopamine agonist can prevent ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in IVF patients
June 22, 2006A class of drug widely used in a number of gynaecological conditions can prevent ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), an infrequent but serious complication of assisted reproduction treatments, a scientist told the 22nd annual conference of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology in Prague, Czech Republic, on Wednesday 21 June 2006. Dr. Claudio Alvarez, from the Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, Valencia, Spain, said that his team's work, using the dopamine agonist cabergoline, was the first successful attempt to prevent this disorder.
OHSS can occur when drugs are used to stimulate the ovaries to produce the eggs needed for fertilization in IVF treatment. The ovaries become larger than normal, and there can be a build-up of fluid in the abdomen. In severe cases there may also be hemoconcentration (decrease of the fluid content of the blood, with a resulting increase in its concentration), and kidney and liver damage; this can be life-threatening. Although OHSS has been known for many years, until now it has been treated empirically and the underlying causes have been little understood.
Animal models had shown that increased vascular permeability (VP), a factor in OHSS, was associated with an increased expression in the ovary of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), responsible for the growth of blood vessels. The binding of VEGF to its receptor VEGFR2 increases VP. "We knew that dopamine and its agonists also reverse increased VP in hyperstimulated animals", said Dr. Alvarez, "so we decided to see whether it could prevent OHSS in women undergoing ovarian stimulation for ART."
Dopamine agonists are widely used in gynaecological conditions, especially in patients with hyperprolactinemia—a condition where the presence of abnormally high levels of the hormone, prolactine, can cause a number of disorders affecting fertility — and their safety record is good. So Dr. Alvarez and his team began a study of 54 egg donors, who were randomly allocated into two groups immediately after administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a drug used to induce ovulation.
The study group received 0.5 mg of the dopamine agonist cabergoline and the control group took placebo. The women were monitored every 48 hours from day 0 (the day hCG was given) to day 8. There were significant differences between the two groups.
"We found that cabergoline reduced hemoconcentration, ascites (excess fluid in the space between the membranes lining the abdomen and abdominal organs) and the incidence of moderate to severe OHSS in women at risk," said Dr. Alvarez. "Our next move will be to study the action of dopamine agonists in more detail, and to proceed to bigger studies of their effects in clinical trials. We hope that our work will enable us to better understand the mechanism of development of this serious complication of ART treatment, and to be able to treat it effectively."
European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology
Dopamine agonists are widely used in gynaecological conditions, especially in patients with hyperprolactinemia—a condition where the presence of abnormally high levels of the hormone, prolactine, can cause a number of disorders affecting fertility — and their safety record is good. So Dr. Alvarez and his team began a study of 54 egg donors, who were randomly allocated into two groups immediately after administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a drug used to induce ovulation.
The study group received 0.5 mg of the dopamine agonist cabergoline and the control group took placebo. The women were monitored every 48 hours from day 0 (the day hCG was given) to day 8. There were significant differences between the two groups.
"We found that cabergoline reduced hemoconcentration, ascites (excess fluid in the space between the membranes lining the abdomen and abdominal organs) and the incidence of moderate to severe OHSS in women at risk," said Dr. Alvarez. "Our next move will be to study the action of dopamine agonists in more detail, and to proceed to bigger studies of their effects in clinical trials. We hope that our work will enable us to better understand the mechanism of development of this serious complication of ART treatment, and to be able to treat it effectively."
European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology
Dopamine Current Events and Dopamine News RSSISU researchers' findings bring hope for possible Parkinson's disease cure
Researchers at Iowa State University have found an essential key to possibly cure Parkinson's disease and are looking for others.
Widely used cholesterol-lowering drug may prevent progression
Simvastatin, a commonly used, cholesterol-lowering drug, may prevent Parkinson's disease from progressing further. Neurological researchers at Rush University Medical Center conducted a study examining the use of the FDA-approved medication in mice with Parkinson's disease and found that the drug successfully reverses the biochemical, cellular and anatomical changes caused by the disease.
Stress-induced changes in brain circuitry linked to cocaine relapse
Stress-evoked changes in circuits that regulate serotonin in certain parts of the brain can precipitate a low mood and a relapse in cocaine-seeking, based on mouse studies published online this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Researchers find brain cell transplants help repair neural damage
A Swiss research team has found that using an animal's own brain cells (autologous transplant) to replace degenerated neurons in select brain areas of donor primates with simulated but asymptomatic Parkinson's disease and previously in a motor cortex lesion model, provides a degree of brain protection and may be useful in repairing brain lesions and restoring function.
Changes in brain chemicals mark shifts in infant learning
When do you first leave the nest? Early in development infants of many species experience important transitions-such as learning when to leave the protective presence of their mother to start exploring the wider world.
Why antidepressants don't work for so many
More than half the people who take antidepressants for depression never get relief.
Cocaine exposure during pregnancy leads to impulsivity in male, not female, monkeys
Adult male monkeys exposed to cocaine while in the womb have poor impulse control and may be more vulnerable to drug abuse than female monkeys, even a decade or more after the exposure, according to a new study by researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine. The findings could lead to a better understanding of human drug abuse.
Scientists demonstrate link between genetic defect and brain changes in schizophrenia
Researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine have found that the 22q11 gene deletion - a mutation that confers the highest known genetic risk for schizophrenia - is associated with changes in the development of the brain that ultimately affect how its circuit elements are assembled.
Fine-tuning treatments for depression
New research clarifies how neurotransmitters like norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine, are regulated - a finding that may help fine-tune therapies for depression.
Study supports possible role of urate in slowing Parkinson's disease progression
By examining data from a 20-year-old clinical trial, a research team based at the MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MGH-MIND) and Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH), has found evidence supporting the findings of their 2008 study - that elevated levels of the antioxidant urate may slow the progression of Parkinson's disease.
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