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Researcher discovers new materials
July 11, 2006Nanostructured materials developed
PITTSBURGH—A research team led by Carnegie Mellon University Materials Science and Biomedical Engineering Professor Prashant Kumta has discovered a nanocrystalline material that is cheaper, more stable and produces a higher quality energy storage capacity for use in a variety of industrial and portable consumer electronic products. Kumta said the discovery, published this summer in Advanced Materials Journal, has important implications for increasing the longevity of rechargeable car batteries, fuel cells and other battery-operated electronic devices.
"We have found that synthesis of nanostructured vanadium nitride and controlled oxidation of the surface at the nanoscale is key to creating the next generation of supercapacitors commonly used in everything from cars, camcorders and lawn mowers to industrial backup power systems at hospitals and airports," Kumta said.
Dramatic growth in computer use is making consumers require more from their electronic devices, which creates increased demand for a better power source than existing battery technology. Today's batteries are also powered by ruthenium, which sells for $100 per gram, compared with the more economical vanadium nitride at $50 a gram.
"Not only is vanadium nitride less expensive to use, it can also store energy much longer, giving users a greater burst of juice for the old finicky car battery or the hospital's backup power system," Kumta said.
As people use cell phones to do more than just communicate — as they watch movies, listen to music and process family photos — they need more power. And this new nanocrystalline will solve some of those challenges, according to Kumta.
Carnegie Mellon University
Dramatic growth in computer use is making consumers require more from their electronic devices, which creates increased demand for a better power source than existing battery technology. Today's batteries are also powered by ruthenium, which sells for $100 per gram, compared with the more economical vanadium nitride at $50 a gram.
"Not only is vanadium nitride less expensive to use, it can also store energy much longer, giving users a greater burst of juice for the old finicky car battery or the hospital's backup power system," Kumta said.
As people use cell phones to do more than just communicate — as they watch movies, listen to music and process family photos — they need more power. And this new nanocrystalline will solve some of those challenges, according to Kumta.
Carnegie Mellon University
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Between water and rock -- a new science
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New metal crystals, formed on a cotton assembly line
Appropriating cellulose fibers from cotton and crystallizing them, scientists at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory have grown never-before-seen configurations of metal crystals that show promise as components in biosensors, biological imaging, drug delivery and catalytic converters.
Microscopic sea creatures provide foundation for gas sensors and other devices
The three-dimensional shells of tiny ocean creatures could provide the foundation for novel electronic devices, including gas sensors able to detect pollution faster and more efficiently than conventional devices.
MIT model simulates atomic processes in nanomaterials
Researchers from MIT, Georgia Institute of Technology and Ohio State University have developed a new computer modeling approach to study how materials behave under stress at the atomic level, offering insights that could help engineers design materials with an ideal balance between strength and resistance to failure.
Diamond by-product of hydrogen production and storage method
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Papers published online on 14 December by Nature and the Nature Research Journals
NATURE GENETICS(http://www.nature.com/naturegenetics) [1] Mutant gene turns gall bladder into pancreas 10.1038/ng1273 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1273) A new study published in the January issue of Nature Genetics shows that, when a developmental gene switch was removed from experimental mice, what would have developed into a gall bladder instead turned into tissues remarkably like those in a pancreas. Several of the major organs for digesting food appear at the same time in the same place in the development of the embryos of humans and other mammals. The liver, the gall bladder and bile ducts, and pancreas all develop from the gut a
Raman Effect Brings Nano up to Size : Raman/Rayleigh Imaging of Nanosized Materials
Materials made with (or from) nanophases received considerable attention in the last few years but their characterisation is not easy. Unique properties (conductivity, diffusion, reactivity, sintering, mechanical strength….) have been reported for nanostructured materials, all of which result from the interfacial characteristics. Raman scattering is a unique tool for the characterization of such materials, providing information on the chemical bond arrangement and short-range order in amorphous, nanocrystalline or nanosized phases. Usual X-Ray diffraction techniques fail to analyse nanosized/nanocrystalline materials: small size effect and short-range disorder are hardly distinguished
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