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Signaling for cartilage
November 28, 2006Skeletal progenitor cells differentiate into cartilage cells when one master gene actually suppresses the action of another, said Baylor College of Medicine researchers in a report that appears online in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Skeletons are made of bone and cartilage cells that are differentiated from the same multipotent stem cell, said Dr. Brendan Lee, associate professor of molecular and human genetics at BCM, director of the Skeletal Dysplasia Clinic at Texas Children's Hospital and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. This same stem cell gives rise to bone, cartilage, fat and fibroblasts.
"The big question is what are the master genes that make a stem cell go one way versus another," said Lee.
Both SOX9 and RUNX2 are master transcription factors involved in the process of differentiating bone and cartilage.
The master protein SOX9 directs skeletal progenitor cells to become cartilage and another master protein, RUNX2, directs such cells to become bone, However, he said, the primordial skeletal cell has both RUNX2 AND SOX9.
"We then asked a simple question: Could these master transcription factors (that direct the expression of other genes) directly affect one another's function\\\
Baylor College of Medicine
Both SOX9 and RUNX2 are master transcription factors involved in the process of differentiating bone and cartilage.
The master protein SOX9 directs skeletal progenitor cells to become cartilage and another master protein, RUNX2, directs such cells to become bone, However, he said, the primordial skeletal cell has both RUNX2 AND SOX9.
"We then asked a simple question: Could these master transcription factors (that direct the expression of other genes) directly affect one another's function\\\
Baylor College of Medicine
Cartilage Current Events and Cartilage News RSSPenn Study Provides First Clear Idea of How Rare Bone Disease Progresses
An international team of scientists, led by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, is taking the first step in developing a treatment for a rare genetic disorder called fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), in which the body's skeletal muscles and soft connective tissue turns to bone, immobilizing patients over a lifetime with a second skeleton.
Mending meniscals in children, improving diagnosis and recovery
The meniscus is a rubber-like, crescent moon-shaped cartilage cushion that sits between the leg and thigh bone. Each knee has two menisci: one on the inside of the knee joint and one on the outside.
UF scientists discover new explanation for controversial old patient-care technique
You might not know what it's called, but if you've had general anesthesia before surgery, especially after an accident, it is likely you have received Sellick's maneuver.
'Spaghetti' scaffolding could help grow skin in labs
Scientists are developing new scaffolding technology which could be used to grow tissues such as skin, nerves and cartilage using 3D spaghetti-like structures.
Chinese and American paleontologists discover a new Mesozoic mammal
An international team of paleontologists has discovered a new species of mammal that lived 123 million years ago in what is now the Liaoning Province in northeastern China.
Scientists find obesity alone does not cause arthritis in animals
The link between obesity and osteoarthritis may be more than just the wear and tear on the skeleton caused by added weight.
Diabetes weakens your bones
Current research suggests that the inflammatory molecule TNF-α may contribute to delayed bone fracture healing in diabetics.
New study finds way to stop excessive bone growth following trauma or surgery
A recent United States Army study found that excessive bone growth, also known as heterotopic ossificiation (HO), affects up to 70 percent of soldiers who are severely wounded during combat. A much smaller percentage of the civilian population also suffers from HO following trauma or invasive surgery.
New species of ghostshark from California and Baja California
New species are not just discovered in exotic locales-even places as urban as California still yield discoveries of new plants and animals.
Hormone promises to keep joint injuries from causing long-term osteoarthritis
An existing osteoporosis drug is the first ever found to prevent cartilage loss from osteoarthritis following injury to a joint, and may also regenerate some cartilage that has been lost to osteoarthritis.
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Cartilage Tympanoplasty: Classification of Methods -- Techniques -- Results by Mirko Tos (Author) A superbly illustrated atlas of cartilage tympanoplasty methods<br><br>"Mirko Tos has written a remarkable book...The entire community of otologic surgeons will benefit from this contribution."--From the foreword by John Dornhoffer, MD, FACS <br><br>Written by a pioneering master in the field, Cartilage Tympanoplasty: Classification of Methods-Techniques-Results, is a comprehensive reference for all the currently used methods of cartilage tympanoplasty. In the opening chapters of the book, Mirko Tos provides a thorough overview of this class of procedures, including a classification of 23 original cartilage tympanoplasty methods. Each of the following chapters offers a detailed exposition of a different method, presenting its definition, indication, graft... |
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