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Glucose levels trigger compensation for type 2 diabetics
January 03, 2007Many individuals with type 2 diabetes are diabetic because the cells of their body no longer respond to the hormone insulin, which is crucial for lowering blood sugar levels (blood glucose levels). However, before individuals become clinically diabetic their body tries to compensate for the increasing resistance to the effects of insulin by increasing both the amount of insulin secreted and the mass of insulin-secreting cells (beta cells) in the pancreas. Several factors have been shown to induce an increase in beta-cell mass, but exactly what triggers this in individuals consuming a high-fat diet has not been clearly established.
In a study appearing in the January issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, Takashi Kadowaki and colleagues from the University of Tokyo, Japan, show that in mice with high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance, changes in glucose concentration are likely to be the main trigger of increased beta-cell mass. The beta-cell mass of mice expressing only one copy of the gene encoding the sensor of blood glucose levels, GCK (Gck-/- mice), showed little increase compared with wild-type mice fed a high-fat diet, and the mice developed diabetes. One important mediator of the beta-cell mass increase downstream of GCK sensing increased blood glucose levels, and was shown to be IRS2, as expression of IRS2 in Gck-/- mice partially prevented diabetes by increasing beta-cell mass. The authors therefore suggest that novel strategies to increase beta-cell mass to treat type 2 diabetes and overcome high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance might be developed if the mechanism linking GCK and IRS2 can be determined. However, in an accompanying commentary, Gordon Weir and Susan Bonner-Weir from the Joslin Diabetes Center remind us that before we develop new therapeutics "it is essential that glucose signals involved in beta-cell replication in both health and disease be carefully defined."
Journal of Clinical Investigation
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ACCU-CHEK Aviva Blood Glucose Meter by ACCU-CHEK ACCU-CHEK Aviva Blood Glucose Meter - Test right the first time. Please note, additional components such as test strips, code key, control solution, lancing device and lancet drum are sold separately. |
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Glucose by Unknown Very thick corn syrup. 1/2 pound glucose is about 3/4 cup. Contains 5 pounds |
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Wilton Glucose by Wilton Wilton Glucose |
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Bayer's Contour Blood Glucose Monitoring System by Ascensia Bayer HealthCare LLC does not warrant use of the Ascensia Contour Blood Glucose Meter with any strip other than Ascensia Contour Blood Glucose Strips. For complete warranty information, refer to User Guide. For in vitro diagnostic use. Store meter at room temperature 50 -86° Fahrenheit. This kit contains the following Ascensia Contour items: *Blood Glucose Meter*Quick Reference Guide*User Guide*Ascensia Microlet Adjustable Lancing Device with 5 lancets*Ascensia Clinilog record Diary*Carrying case*Warranty card. Satisfaction guaranteed or your money back within 90 days of purchase. Five year limited warranty. For questions or comments, or help with reimbursement, call: 1-800-348-8100, or www.bayerdiabetes.com. Bayer HealthCare LLC is dedicated to providing the highest quality products and... |
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The New Glucose Revolution: The Authoritative Guide to the Glycemic Index - the Dietary Solution for Lifelong Health by Jennie Brand-Miller (Author), Thomas M.S. Wolever (Author), Kaye Foster-Powell (Author), Stephen Colagiuri (Author) The New York Times bestseller, by the world's leading authorities on the glycemic index, now completely revised and updated: More useful and relevant than ever, The New Glucose Revolution is the definitive introduction to and an essential source of new information for everyone seeking to establish a way of eating for lifelong health, no matter what your current age, weight, or medical or physical condition. Widely recognized as the most significant dietary finding of the last twenty-five years, the glycemic index (GI)—an easy-to-understand measure of how foods affect blood glucose levels—shows how and why eating low-GI foods has major health benefits for everybody, every day, at every meal. This all-new third edition includes: ? The latest scientific findings on the GI and the myriad... |
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Caullet Glucose Syrup - 2.2 lb by CAULLET Liquid sugar derived from corn, most often used in sorbet formulations and candy making. |
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Bayer Contour Blood Glucose, 50 Test Strips by Ascensia Bayer HealthCare LLC does not warrant use of the Ascensia CONTOUR Blood Glucose Meter with any strip other than Ascensia CONTOUR Blood Glucose Test Strips. For complete warranty information, refer to User Guide. For in vitro diagnostic use. Before using this product, read the package insert. Store between temperature 59 -86° Fahrenheit and out of direct sunlight. Do not use after expiration date. For sale in U.S.A. only. Reagents:*6% w/w FAD glucose dehydrogenase(Aspergillus SP, 2.0 U/test strip) *56% w/w potassium ferricyanide *38% w/w nonreactive ingredients. For questions or comments, or help with reimbursement, call: 1-800-348-8100, or www.bayerdiabetes.com. Bayer HealthCare LLC is dedicated to providing the highest quality products and services to our customers. |
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Dex 4 Glucose Tablets-Stawberries & Cream 40ct. by Can-Am Care 4 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates Healthy alternative to candy, cola or juice Easy to chew Dissolves rapidly Perfect for pocket, purse, glove compartment, etc. |
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The New Glucose Revolution for Diabetes: The Definitive Guide to Managing Diabetes and Prediabetes Using the Glycemic Index (Marlowe Diabetes Library) by Dr. Dr. Jennie Brand-Miller M.D. M.D. (Author), Kaye Foster-Powell M. Nutr & Diet (Author), M.D. Stephen Colagiuri M.D. (Author), Alan Barclay (Author), Kaye Foster-Powell B.SC. M. Nutri. & Diet (Author) The New Glucose Revolution for Diabetes is the first comprehensive guide to using the glycemic index to control type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and more. The book features the latest, most accurate information with new findings by the authors. It includes GI-based recipes and menus for type 1, type 2, prediabetes, gestational diabetes, and juvenile diabetes, as well as related conditions like obesity and celiac disease, plus practical dietary guidance on sugar, sweeteners, alcohol, snacking, and eating out. |
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Glucose 18 oz. by Unknown Glucose also called Glucose Syrup is a thick clear syrup corn syrup used in a variety of recipes including Nougats, Bonbons, Candies, Hard Candy, Caramels, Gum Paste Mixes and other foods. It controls the formation of sugar crystals. 1/2 pound glucose is approximately 3/4 cup. For easy measuring, warm the syrup in the microwave for 10-20 seconds. 18 oz. |
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