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New study focuses on radiation-associated cancer risks
January 12, 2007Concerns about the risk of radiation-induced cancer are growing with the increasing number of cancer patients surviving long term. To address these concerns, Herman Suit and his colleagues Saveli Goldberg, Andrzej Niemeierko, Marek Ancukiewicz, Eric Hall, Michael Goitein, Winifed Wong and Harald Paganetti examined data on radiation-induced neoplastic transformation of mammalian cells in vitro and on the risk of an increase in cancer incidence after radiation exposure in mice, dogs, monkeys, the atomic bomb survivors, persons exposed occupationally, and patients treated with radiation.
The study appears in the January issue of the journal Radiation Research.
The authors found that there is great heterogeneity in the risk of radiation-associated cancer between species, strains of a species, and organs within a species. Currently, the heterogeneity between and within patient populations of virtually every parameter considered in risk estimation results in substantial uncertainty in quantification of a general risk factor.
One implication of their review is that reduced risks of secondary cancer should be achieved by any technique that achieves a dose reduction down to ~0.1 Gy (i.e., the dose to tissues distant from the target). Based on their study, they conclude that the proportionate gain should be greatest for dose decrement to less than 2 Gy.
Radiation Research Society
One implication of their review is that reduced risks of secondary cancer should be achieved by any technique that achieves a dose reduction down to ~0.1 Gy (i.e., the dose to tissues distant from the target). Based on their study, they conclude that the proportionate gain should be greatest for dose decrement to less than 2 Gy.
Radiation Research Society
Radiation-induced Current Events and Radiation-induced News RSSResearchers discover atomic bomb effect results in adult-onset thyroid cancer
Radiation from the atomic bomb blasts in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, in 1945, likely rearranged chromosomes in some survivors who later developed papillary thyroid cancer as adults, according to Japanese researchers.
Duke-NIEHS team shows how DNA repairs may reshape the genome
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center and at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) have shown how broken sections of chromosomes can recombine to change genomes and spawn new species.
Circadian rhythm-metabolism link discovered
UC Irvine researchers have found a molecular link between circadian rhythms - our own body clock - and metabolism. The discovery reveals new possibilities for the treatment of diabetes, obesity and other related diseases.
Ceramic, heal thyself
A new computer simulation has revealed a self-healing behavior in a common ceramic that may lead to development of radiation-resistant materials for nuclear power plants and waste storage.
Preventing lung scarring may extend lives of lung cancer patients
Researchers have found that using a special type of drug called a pharmaceutical monoclonal antibody to block the integrin beta6-TGF-beta pathway prevents a serious side effect of radiation therapy for lung cancer patients - pulmonary fibrosis (scarring of the lungs), thereby extending patients' lives and improving their quality of life.
Where Broken DNA is Repaired
Ionizing radiation, toxic chemicals, and other agents continually damage the body's DNA, threatening life and health: unrepaired DNA can lead to mutations, which in turn can lead to diseases like cancer.
Combination therapy reduces tumor resistance to radiation
Radiation is used to treat a variety of tumors and the response of tumors to radiation is dependent on endothelial cell death, which in turn limits oxygen delivery to the tumor, causing hypoxia and tumor cell death.
Agent protects cells from lethal effects of radiation even if given after exposure
No drugs exist to protect the public from the high levels of radiation that could be released by a "dirty" bomb or nuclear explosion.
Health benefits, risks weighed for mammography in 40-something women
Conducting routine screening mammograms for women in their 40s is appropriate when the women and their doctors consider the benefits and the risks, according to a University of Rochester Medical Center breast oncologist.
Researchers study effects of Aricept in pediatric brain cancer survivors
A pediatric oncologist at Brenner Children's Hospital is evaluating whether a drug typically used to treat Alzheimer's patients will help brain cancer survivors avoid the learning and memory problems that are common after radiation therapy.
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