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New study focuses on radiation-associated cancer risks
January 12, 2007Concerns about the risk of radiation-induced cancer are growing with the increasing number of cancer patients surviving long term. To address these concerns, Herman Suit and his colleagues Saveli Goldberg, Andrzej Niemeierko, Marek Ancukiewicz, Eric Hall, Michael Goitein, Winifed Wong and Harald Paganetti examined data on radiation-induced neoplastic transformation of mammalian cells in vitro and on the risk of an increase in cancer incidence after radiation exposure in mice, dogs, monkeys, the atomic bomb survivors, persons exposed occupationally, and patients treated with radiation.
The study appears in the January issue of the journal Radiation Research.
The authors found that there is great heterogeneity in the risk of radiation-associated cancer between species, strains of a species, and organs within a species. Currently, the heterogeneity between and within patient populations of virtually every parameter considered in risk estimation results in substantial uncertainty in quantification of a general risk factor.
One implication of their review is that reduced risks of secondary cancer should be achieved by any technique that achieves a dose reduction down to ~0.1 Gy (i.e., the dose to tissues distant from the target). Based on their study, they conclude that the proportionate gain should be greatest for dose decrement to less than 2 Gy.
Radiation Research Society
One implication of their review is that reduced risks of secondary cancer should be achieved by any technique that achieves a dose reduction down to ~0.1 Gy (i.e., the dose to tissues distant from the target). Based on their study, they conclude that the proportionate gain should be greatest for dose decrement to less than 2 Gy.
Radiation Research Society
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New oral agents may prevent injury after radiation exposure
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) and collaborators have discovered and analyzed several new compounds, collectively called the ''EUK-400 series,'' which could someday be used to prevent radiation-induced injuries to kidneys, lungs, skin, intestinal tract and brains of radiological terrorism victims.
CT Scans Increase Cancer Risk Estimates in Multiply-Imaged Emergency Department Patients
Physicians should review a patient's CT imaging history and cumulative radiation dose when considering whether to perform another CT exam.
Lithium may help radiation target cancer, spare healthy tissue
Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center investigators have uncovered a mechanism that helps explain how lithium, a drug widely used to treat bipolar mood disorder, also protects the brain from damage that occurs during radiation treatments.
Acupuncture Eases Radiation-Induced Dry Mouth in Cancer Patients
Twice weekly acupuncture treatments relieve debilitating symptoms of xerostomia - severe dry mouth - among patients treated with radiation for head and neck cancer, researchers from The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center report in the current online issue of Head & Neck.
Experimental agents may prevent radiation-induced leukemia
Treatment with biphosphonates could prevent radiation-induced leukemia, according to data presented at the American Association for Cancer Research 100th Annual Meeting 2009.
CT scans: Too much of a good thing can be risky
Patients who undergo numerous CT scans over their lifetime may be at increased risk for cancer, according to a study published in the April issue of Radiology.
Blood pressure compound may benefit brain tumor patients
A widely used blood pressure medication may be the key to preventing brain function loss common after radiation treatment, according to a newly published study by researchers at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center. The findings offer the hope of an improved quality of life for cancer patients.
Researchers discover atomic bomb effect results in adult-onset thyroid cancer
Radiation from the atomic bomb blasts in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, in 1945, likely rearranged chromosomes in some survivors who later developed papillary thyroid cancer as adults, according to Japanese researchers.
Duke-NIEHS team shows how DNA repairs may reshape the genome
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center and at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) have shown how broken sections of chromosomes can recombine to change genomes and spawn new species.
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