 |
|
A unique twin study on the increased cardiometabolic risk in obesity
February 14, 2007Study finds that obesity, already in its early stages and independent of genetic influences, is associated with deleterious alterations in the lipid metabolism known to facilitate atherogenesis, inflammation and insulin resistance
Obesity and its many related health hazards have become a serious and growing problem worldwide. While environmental and lifestyle factors play a key role in the development of obesity, genetic variation may determine an individual's susceptibility to weight gain and to the rise of obesity-related health risks. Obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes especially when the extra fat is accumulated to central and intra-abdominal depots and when obesity is accompanied by an atherogenic dyslipidemia.
A Finnish team from the Finnish Twin Cohort, Helsinki University Central Hospital, and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland performed a metabolomic analysis of lipids in 14 monozygous twins highly discordant for obesity, and 10 control pairs concordant for weight. They found that acquired obesity, independent of genetic influences, primarily relates to increases in lysophosphatidylcholines, constituents of an atherogenic lipid profile and decreases in ether phospholipids, lipids with anti-oxidative properties.
The origin of obesity and related dyslipidemias is multifactorial, involving complex genetic and environmental networks. Not all obese individuals develop dyslipidemia and not all dyslipidemic patients are obese. Cross-sectional studies comparing lipid profiles in obese vs. non-obese humans do not permit unequivocal distinction between genetic versus environmental and life-style effects. This can best be done by studying monozygotic (MZ) twins discordant for obesity. MZ twins are genetically identical at the sequence level and any differences between the co-twins are thus attributable to environmental factors. The co-twin design controls for age, gender, childhood socioeconomic background and other environmental experiences and exposures.
Serum patterns of small molecules such as lipids reflect the homeostasis of the organism. However, classical measurements of lipids in the clinical setting are unable to detect early changes and abnormalities in specific metabolites. Recent advances have made broad screening of metabolites, i.e. metabolomics, feasible, therefore opening new possibilities for discoveries of sensitive biomarkers for different diseases.
The study convincingly demonstrates the sensitivity of the metabolomics platforms since subtle pathophysiological changes were detected well prior to changes in commonly utilized clinical measures. Of special interest and clinical relevance is the finding that the atherogenic lipid profile of the obese co-twins was associated with whole body insulin resistance, something that could not be detected using classical lipid measures only.
Public Library of Science
The origin of obesity and related dyslipidemias is multifactorial, involving complex genetic and environmental networks. Not all obese individuals develop dyslipidemia and not all dyslipidemic patients are obese. Cross-sectional studies comparing lipid profiles in obese vs. non-obese humans do not permit unequivocal distinction between genetic versus environmental and life-style effects. This can best be done by studying monozygotic (MZ) twins discordant for obesity. MZ twins are genetically identical at the sequence level and any differences between the co-twins are thus attributable to environmental factors. The co-twin design controls for age, gender, childhood socioeconomic background and other environmental experiences and exposures.
Serum patterns of small molecules such as lipids reflect the homeostasis of the organism. However, classical measurements of lipids in the clinical setting are unable to detect early changes and abnormalities in specific metabolites. Recent advances have made broad screening of metabolites, i.e. metabolomics, feasible, therefore opening new possibilities for discoveries of sensitive biomarkers for different diseases.
The study convincingly demonstrates the sensitivity of the metabolomics platforms since subtle pathophysiological changes were detected well prior to changes in commonly utilized clinical measures. Of special interest and clinical relevance is the finding that the atherogenic lipid profile of the obese co-twins was associated with whole body insulin resistance, something that could not be detected using classical lipid measures only.
Public Library of Science
Cardiometabolic Current Events and Cardiometabolic News RSSCommunity-based diabetes prevention program shows promise
With over 60 million Americans diagnosed with prediabetes, putting them at increased risk for diabetes, cardiovascular events and other obesity-related ailments, finding ways to help large populations avoid these complications is an important initiative.
Exercise Pill is No Replacement for Exercise
Recently, researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, a research organization focused on biology and its relation to health, published a study in the journal Cell on the results of a substance that increased exercise endurance without daily exertion when tested in mice.
Drinking in excess associated with increased risk for metabolic syndrome
Those who drink in excess of the U.S. Dietary Guidelines (i.e., men who usually drink more than two drinks per day or women who usually drink more than one drink per day) or those who binge drink are at increased risk for the metabolic syndrome, according to a new study accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM).
LDL particle measurement by NMR recognized by ADA, ACC
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC) issued a consensus statement today that states the measurement of LDL particle number by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is one of the more accurate ways to evaluate cardiometabolic risk (CMR).
Obese children show early signs of heart disease
Children who are obese or who are at risk for obesity show early signs of heart disease similar to obese adults with heart disease, a study by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis has found.
Researcher predicts paradigm shift in heart disease treatment
As the obesity epidemic grows in the United States, the medical community is faced with the significant challenge of properly treating patients before complications such as heart disease arise.
More Cardiometabolic Current Events and Cardiometabolic News Articles
 |
Atlas of Cardiometabolic Risk (Atlas Of...) by William T. Cefalu (Author), Christopher P. Cannon (Author) The first atlas devoted specifically to cardiometabolic risk, this book provides a concise, visual primer on the pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and clinical and radiologic features of this disorder. Describing recent care strategies and current practices in patient assessment, this source will allow clinicians to accurately identify and treat those patients at increased risk for metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Authored by leading clinical researchers in the field of cardiometabolic risk, this guide: offers step-by-step diagnostic and therapeutic protocols contains clinical photographs, radiographic images, schematic illustrations, algorithms, and tables summarizing key information analyzes the biochemical, physiologic, and... |
 |
Abdominal Obesity and the Endocannabinoid System: From Basic Aspects to Clinical Management of Related Cardiometabolic Risk by Jean-Pierre Despres (Editor), Vincenzo Di Marzo (Editor) This internationally renowned author team provides a unique and thorough analysis and distillation of the endocannabinoid system and its relationship to abdominal obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays an important role in cardiometabolic risk, as well as modulating energy balance, feeding behavior, hepatic lipogenesis, and perhaps glucose homeostasis. Evidence suggests that the ECS is overactive in human obesity and dyslipidemia. Critical to the management of cardiometabolic risk, this new, timely book provides practical overviews and management guidance on many important topics, including:
|
|
Prospective validation in identical Turkish cohort of two metabolic syndrome definitions for predicting cardiometabolic risk and selection of most appropriate ... of Cardiology (Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi) by Altan Onat (Author), Gulay Hergenc (Author), Gunay Can (Author) This digital document is an article from The Anatolian Journal of Cardiology (Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi), published by Thomson Gale on March 1, 2007. The length of the article is 5790 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Citation Details Title: Prospective validation in identical Turkish cohort of two metabolic syndrome definitions for predicting cardiometabolic risk and selection of most appropriate definition/Iki metabolik sendrom taniminin kardiyometabolik risk ongorusunun ayni kohortta prospektif yolla degerlendirilmesi ve halkimiz icin en uygun tanimin secilmesi.(Original... | |
 |
Diet and Cardiometabolic Risk: An overview and in-depth studies of the Metabolic Syndrome by Per Sjögren (Author) Over the past decade, the metabolic syndrome has increased dramatically in the population and its contribution to the development of cardiovascular disease has grown in parallel. This is an ongoing situation, and as a consequence, metabolic abnormalities encompassed by the metabolic syndrome, such as dyslipidemia, obesity and insulin resistance, constitute a major threat to public health. Although the metabolic syndrome has its limitations as a clinical diagnosis, there is a need to improve our understanding of its aetiological link to cardiovascular disease in order to identify possible interventions. This book provides a general overview, including strengths and weaknesses, of the metabolic syndrome and its link to cardiovascular disease. The book also... |
 |
Nuclear Receptors as Molecular Targets for Cardiometabolic and Central Nervous System Diseases (Solvay Pharmaceuticals Conferences) by B. Staels (Author) Nuclear receptors are a family of transcription factors consisting of 49 members identified in the human genome. Nuclear receptors regulate transcription by binding to response elements in the regulatory regions of target genes and thereby affect expression of genes involved in differentiation, growth, lipid homeostasis, inflammation and immunity. Over the past two decades significant advances have been made in the understanding of the regulation of gene expression by nuclear receptors.The knowledge on nuclear receptors has delivered novel therapies for lipid control and hormone replacement, and for management of cancer and diabetes. Therefore, nuclear receptors are attractive molecular targets for design of therapy for diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, cancer, inflammation and... |
|
Managing Cardiometabolic Risk: Abdominal Obesity and Weight-related Disease by Henry Purcell (Editor) This book brings together leading authorities on cardiovascular disease to present an integrated overview of the factors that combine to increase patients' global cardiometabolic risk and expose them to a greater probability of adverse outcomes, including stroke, myocardial infarction, and cancer.Weight gain and obesity are now recognised as primary risk factors for diabetes and heart disease; describing relationships between obesity, type 2 diabetes and CV risk factors such as hypertension and dyslipidaemias, this new work explains how current demographic trends in diet and lifestyle choices lead to cumulative increases in risk, and explores the strategies by which these risks can be managed and reduced.It is the first book to present an integrated overview of risk factors in... | |
|
Importance of metabolic syndrome definitions in prediction of cardiometabolic risk/Prospective validation in identical Turkish cohort of two metabolic ... of Cardiology (Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi) by Fulden Sarac (Author), Altan Onat (Author) This digital document is an article from The Anatolian Journal of Cardiology (Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi), published by Thomson Gale on June 1, 2007. The length of the article is 812 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Citation Details Title: Importance of metabolic syndrome definitions in prediction of cardiometabolic risk/Prospective validation in identical Turkish cohort of two metabolic syndrome definitions for predicting cardiometabolic risk and selection of most appropriate definition.(Letter to the Editor/Editore Mektup)(Letter to the editor)(Clinical report) Author: Fulden... | |
|
On the criteria of metabolic syndrome in predicting incident coronary disease and diabetes in Turkish adults/Abdominal obesity and cardiometabolic risk/Halkimizda ... of Cardiology (Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi) by Altan Onat ve Gulay Hergenc (Author) This digital document is an article from The Anatolian Journal of Cardiology (Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi), published by Thomson Gale on June 1, 2007. The length of the article is 909 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Citation Details Title: On the criteria of metabolic syndrome in predicting incident coronary disease and diabetes in Turkish adults/Abdominal obesity and cardiometabolic risk/Halkimizda yeni gelisen koroner hastalik ve diyabet riski ongorusunde metabolik sendrom kriterleri hakkinda/abdominal obezite ve kardiyometabolik risk.(Letter to the Editor/Editore Mektup)(Letter to... | |
|
Abdominal obesity and cardiometabolic risk/Abdominal obezite ve kardiyometabolik risk.(Editorial Comment/Editoryel Yorum): An article from: The Anatolian ... of Cardiology (Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi) by Ahmet Temizhan (Author) This digital document is an article from The Anatolian Journal of Cardiology (Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi), published by Thomson Gale on March 1, 2007. The length of the article is 1871 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Citation Details Title: Abdominal obesity and cardiometabolic risk/Abdominal obezite ve kardiyometabolik risk.(Editorial Comment/Editoryel Yorum) Author: Ahmet Temizhan Publication: The Anatolian Journal of Cardiology (Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi) (Magazine/Journal) Date: March 1, 2007 Publisher: Thomson Gale Volume: 7 Issue: 1 Page:... | |
 |
Annual Review of Diabetes 2009 by American Diabetes Association (ADA) (Author) The most educational, informative, and at-times, controversial articles published in the last year |
| © 2009 BrightSurf.com |