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Public health impact of climate change, poverty, disaster response and housing design
May 21, 2007Leading global experts provide insight into protecting public health and promoting health equity in urban settings in a supplement to the May/June 2007 issue of The New York Academy of Medicine's Journal of Urban Health. The 15 reports in the supplement were issued by the Knowledge Network on Urban Settings of the World Health Organization's (WHO) Commission on the Social Determinants of Health.
Highlights of the supplement, entitled "Achieving Health Equity in Urban Settings," include reports regarding the influence of climate change on health status, the post-disaster response in Indonesia, and improvements needed to the design of housing and shelter programs in developing countries. Experts from the WHO, Pan American Health Organization, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and major research institutions including the Academy are among the authors.
"Achieving health equity in the urban setting requires action toward fairness and equity within and between countries. Engaging the people themselves, urban communities and multiple sectors in the urban development process is a must," explains Tord Kjellstrom, BMed, MEng, PhD, coauthor of the supplement's editorial. Kjellstrom is a professor at the National Institute of Public Health in Sweden and at the Health and Environment International Trust in New Zealand, and a visiting fellow with the National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health of the Australian National University.
The supplement's 15 papers were originally presented at a meeting of Knowledge Network on Urban Settings (KNUS) in November 2006 in Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania, which was attended by practitioners, policymakers, community-based organizations, researchers and WHO regional representatives. The WHO's Centre for Health Development, based in Kobe, Japan, the KNUS hub, is part of a larger effort to identify opportunities for WHO to improve action on social determinants of health. The core membership of KNUS consists of a dozen international experts, each from a different geographic region.
Below is a full table of contents for the Journal of Urban Health supplement.
* "Urban Poverty is a Public Health Issue"
Susan Mercado, Kirsten Havemann, Mojgan Sami, and Hiro Ueda
* "Urban as Determinant of Health"
David Vlahov, Nicholas Freudenberg, Fernando Proietti, Danielle Ompad, Andrew Quinn, Vijay Nandi, and Sandro Galea
* "Emerging Disease Burdens and the Poor in Cities of the Developing World"
Tim Campbell and Alana Campbell
* "Climate Change and Health in Developing Country Cities"
Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum and Carlos Corvalan
* "Cities and Calamities: Learning from Post-disaster Response in Indonesia"
Josef Leitmann
* "Social Determinants of the Health of Urban Populations: Implications for Intervention"
Danielle C. Ompad, Sandro Galea, Waleska T. Caiaffa, and David Vlahov
* "Urbanisation and Slum Formation"
Giok Ling Ooi and Kai Hong Phua
* "Income and Health in Cities: The Messages from Stylized Facts"
Shahid Yusuf, Kaoru Nabeshima, and Wei Ha
* "The Design of Housing and Shelter Programs: The Social and Environmental Determinants of Inequalities"
Shaaban Sheuya , Philippa Howden-Chapman, and Sheela Patel
* "The Health Equity Dimensions of Urban Food Systems"
Jane Dixon, Sharon Friel, Abiud M. Omwega, Kelly Donati, Cate Burns, and Rachel Carlisle
* "The Prevention and Control of HIV/AIDS, TB and Vector-borne Diseases in Slums and Informal Settlements: Challenges, Opportunities and Insights"
Annette David, Susan Mercado, Daniel Becker, Katia Edmundo and Frederick Mugisha
* "Improving Health and Building Human Capital Through an Effective Primary Care System and Healthy Setting Approach"
Albert Lee, Andrew Kiyu , Helia Molina Milman, and Jorge de la Jara
* "Emerging Strategies for Healthy Urban Governance"
Scott Burris, Trevor Hancock, Vivian Lin and Andre Herzog
* "Healthy Governance/participatory Governance: Integrated Approaches to Address the Social Determinants of Health for Reducing Health Inequity"
Francoise Barten, Diana Mitlin, Catherine Mulholland, Ana Hardoy, and Ruth Stern
* "Social Capital and Health Urbanization in a Globalized World"
Pat Pridmore, Liz Thomas, Kirsten Havemann, Jaime Sapag, and Lisa Wood
* "Urban Environmental Health Hazards and Health Equity"
Tord Kjellstrom, Sharon Friel, Jane Dixon, Carlos Corvalan, Eva Rehfuess, Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum, Fiona Gore, and James Bartram
New York Academy of Medicine
The supplement's 15 papers were originally presented at a meeting of Knowledge Network on Urban Settings (KNUS) in November 2006 in Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania, which was attended by practitioners, policymakers, community-based organizations, researchers and WHO regional representatives. The WHO's Centre for Health Development, based in Kobe, Japan, the KNUS hub, is part of a larger effort to identify opportunities for WHO to improve action on social determinants of health. The core membership of KNUS consists of a dozen international experts, each from a different geographic region.
Below is a full table of contents for the Journal of Urban Health supplement.
* "Urban Poverty is a Public Health Issue"
Susan Mercado, Kirsten Havemann, Mojgan Sami, and Hiro Ueda
* "Urban as Determinant of Health"
David Vlahov, Nicholas Freudenberg, Fernando Proietti, Danielle Ompad, Andrew Quinn, Vijay Nandi, and Sandro Galea
* "Emerging Disease Burdens and the Poor in Cities of the Developing World"
Tim Campbell and Alana Campbell
* "Climate Change and Health in Developing Country Cities"
Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum and Carlos Corvalan
* "Cities and Calamities: Learning from Post-disaster Response in Indonesia"
Josef Leitmann
* "Social Determinants of the Health of Urban Populations: Implications for Intervention"
Danielle C. Ompad, Sandro Galea, Waleska T. Caiaffa, and David Vlahov
* "Urbanisation and Slum Formation"
Giok Ling Ooi and Kai Hong Phua
* "Income and Health in Cities: The Messages from Stylized Facts"
Shahid Yusuf, Kaoru Nabeshima, and Wei Ha
* "The Design of Housing and Shelter Programs: The Social and Environmental Determinants of Inequalities"
Shaaban Sheuya , Philippa Howden-Chapman, and Sheela Patel
* "The Health Equity Dimensions of Urban Food Systems"
Jane Dixon, Sharon Friel, Abiud M. Omwega, Kelly Donati, Cate Burns, and Rachel Carlisle
* "The Prevention and Control of HIV/AIDS, TB and Vector-borne Diseases in Slums and Informal Settlements: Challenges, Opportunities and Insights"
Annette David, Susan Mercado, Daniel Becker, Katia Edmundo and Frederick Mugisha
* "Improving Health and Building Human Capital Through an Effective Primary Care System and Healthy Setting Approach"
Albert Lee, Andrew Kiyu , Helia Molina Milman, and Jorge de la Jara
* "Emerging Strategies for Healthy Urban Governance"
Scott Burris, Trevor Hancock, Vivian Lin and Andre Herzog
* "Healthy Governance/participatory Governance: Integrated Approaches to Address the Social Determinants of Health for Reducing Health Inequity"
Francoise Barten, Diana Mitlin, Catherine Mulholland, Ana Hardoy, and Ruth Stern
* "Social Capital and Health Urbanization in a Globalized World"
Pat Pridmore, Liz Thomas, Kirsten Havemann, Jaime Sapag, and Lisa Wood
* "Urban Environmental Health Hazards and Health Equity"
Tord Kjellstrom, Sharon Friel, Jane Dixon, Carlos Corvalan, Eva Rehfuess, Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum, Fiona Gore, and James Bartram
New York Academy of Medicine
Climate Change Current Events and Climate Change News RSSResearchers Hail Innovative Plan to Save Rainforest, Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions
An innovative proposal by the Ecuadorian government to protect an untouched, oil rich region of Amazon rainforest is a precedent-setting and potentially economically viable approach, says a team of environmental researchers from the University of Maryland, the World Resources Institute and Save America's Forests.
Paleoecologists offer new insight into how climate change will affect organisms
An article in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science written by a team of ecologists, including Robert Booth, assistant professor of earth and environmental science at Lehigh University, examines some of the potential problems with current prediction methods and calls for the use of a range of approaches when predicting the impact of climate change on organisms.
Report on US-China collaboration on carbon capture and sequestration
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's Julio Friedmann, in collaboration with the Center for American Progress, the Asia Society Center and with partner Monitor Group, today released the report, "A Roadmap for U.S.-China Collaboration on Carbon Capture and Sequestration."
Study gives clearer picture of how land-use changes affect U.S. climate
Researchers say regional surface temperatures can be affected by land use, suggesting that local and regional strategies, such as creating green spaces and buffer zones in and around urban areas, could be a tool in addressing climate change.
Calm before the spawn: Climate change and coral spawning
What's the point of setting up marine reserves to protect coral reefs from pollution, ship groundings and overfishing if climate change could cause far more damage? A study published this week in London in Proceedings of the Royal Society B provides the answer.
Iron controls patterns of nitrogen fixation in the Atlantic
Scientists including researchers from the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton and the University of Essex have discovered that interactions between iron supply, transported through the atmosphere from deserts, and large-scale oceanic circulation control the availability of a crucial nutrient, nitrogen, in the Atlantic.
Climate variability impacts the deep sea
Deep-sea ecosystems occupying 60% of the Earth's surface could be vulnerable to the effects of global warming warn scientists writing in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
North Atlantic Fish Populations Shifting as Ocean Temperatures Warm
About half of 36 fish stocks in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, many of them commercially valuable species, have been shifting northward over the last four decades, with some stocks nearly disappearing from U.S. waters as they move farther offshore, according to a new study by NOAA researchers.
Robot fish could monitor water quality
Nature inspires technology for an engineer and an ecologist teamed up at Michigan State University. They're developing robots that use advanced materials to swim like fish to probe underwater environments.
Soil moisture and ocean salinity satellite ready for launch
A new European Earth observation satellite will be launched in the early hours of Monday morning (2 November 2009) from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in northern Russia.
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