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Personal drug selection: Problem-based learning in pharmacology
June 13, 2007Irrational use of medicines is a major problem all over the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) and many other bodies are concentrating on improving the use of medicines. Problem-based teaching of Pharmacology and Therapeutics to undergraduate medical students has been recognized as a key intervention to improve the use of medicines.
Personal or P-drugs are important for medical students, doctors in training and prescribers. P-drugs are drugs with which a person has become familiar and has chosen to prescribe regularly. The P-drug concept is not just the name of a pharmacological substance but also includes the dosage form, dosage schedule and duration of treatment.
The department has been teaching the P-drug concept to the third and fourth semester medical students for over two years in our institution. Students select a drug for a disease on the basis of efficacy, safety, cost and convenience. The method described in the WHO books, The Guide to Good Prescribing and the teacher's Guide to Good Prescribing is basically followed. We use the numerical method developed by Joshi and Jayawickramarajah at the Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
The students are being assessed in P-drug selection, verifying the suitability of the selected P-drug to a particular patient and writing the prescription in the practical assessment examination. The students are allowed to bring in text books and other reference material to the examination.
Student opinion regarding the sessions was obtained using focus group discussions. The three main nationalities of students at the institution, Nepalese, Indians and Sri Lankans were selected. The study was conducted by Dr. Shankar and coworkers at MCOMS. Twelve respondents were selected. The overall student opinion regarding the session was positive. Students were occasionally confused about whether a P-drug was for a patient or for a disease. Group consensus during the small group learning sessions was commonly used to select values for the different criteria. The large number of brands created occasional problems. The sessions should be continued and strengthened and sessions can be considered during the clinical years and internship training.
Public Library of Science
Pharmacology Current Events and Pharmacology News RSSResearchers explore new ways to prevent spinal cord damage using a vitamin B3 precursor
Substances naturally produced by the human body may one day help prevent paralysis following a spinal cord injury, according to researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College. A recent $2.5 million grant from the New York State Spinal Cord Injury Research Board will fund their research investigating this possibility.
Study points to new uses, unexpected side effects of already-existing drugs
Scientists at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine and the University of California, San Francisco have developed and experimentally tested a technique to predict new target diseases for existing drugs.
Pitt, US Army team designs new strategy to find drugs to treat neglected infection
Using an unconventional approach that they designed, University of Pittsburgh drug discoverers and their collaborators at Walter Reed Army Institute of Research have identified compounds that hold promise for treating leishmaniasis, a parasitic infection that many consider one of the world's most overlooked diseases.
Researchers use drug-radiation combo to eradicate lung cancer
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have eliminated non-small cell lung (NSCL) cancer in mice by using an investigative drug called BEZ235 in combination with low-dose radiation.
Stress-induced changes in brain circuitry linked to cocaine relapse
Stress-evoked changes in circuits that regulate serotonin in certain parts of the brain can precipitate a low mood and a relapse in cocaine-seeking, based on mouse studies published online this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Stem cell therapy may offer hope for acute lung injury
Researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine have shown that adult stem cells from bone marrow can prevent acute lung injury in a mouse model of the disease.
Hunting for the Prozac Gene
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Fighting Sleep, Penn Researchers Reverse the Cognitive Impairment Caused By Sleep Deprivation
A research collaboration led by biologists and neuroscientists at the University of Pennsylvania has found a molecular pathway in the brain that is the cause of cognitive impairment due to sleep deprivation.
Cocaine exposure during pregnancy leads to impulsivity in male, not female, monkeys
Adult male monkeys exposed to cocaine while in the womb have poor impulse control and may be more vulnerable to drug abuse than female monkeys, even a decade or more after the exposure, according to a new study by researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine. The findings could lead to a better understanding of human drug abuse.
Loss of tumor supressor gene essential to transforming benign nerve tumors into cancers
Researchers at UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center showed for the first time that the loss or decreased expression of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN plays a central role in the malignant transformation of benign nerve tumors called neurofibromas into a malignant and extremely deadly form of sarcoma.
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