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Muscle mass: Scientists identify novel mode of transcriptional regulation during myogenesis
August 20, 2007In an upcoming issue of G&D, Drs. Maria Divina Deato and Robert Tjian (HHMI, UC Berkeley) reveal that the formation of an alternative transcriptional core promoter complex directs cell-type specific differentiation during myogenesis. The article uncovers a whole new level of transcriptional control of terminal cell differentiation, and will be published online ahead of its September 1 print date at http://www.genesdev.org.
"For nearly 30 years, we have assumed that the basal transcription machinery, particularly the highly conserved TBP and TFIID complex, would be invariant and universal for all cell types in eukaryotes. It seems that this simplistic model will need to be revised with significant implications for mechanisms controlling multi-cellular differentiation," explains Dr. Tjian.
Skeletal muscle differentiation, or myogenesis, involves a multi-step transition from muscle precursor cells (myoblasts) to myotubes that ultimately comprise the contractile myofibers of the muscle tissue. Drs. Deato and Tjian show that during myogenesis, a component of the canonical transcription initiation machinery - a multi-subunit transcription factor called TFIID - is disassembled and replaced with an alternative core promoter recognition complex. The researchers determined that this alternative complex contains both TAF3 and TRF3, and is required for successful myogenesis.
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Don't move a muscle: Evolutionary insight into myogenesis
In a paper released online ahead of its scheduled December 15th publication date, Dr. Michael Krause (NIH) and colleagues detail the transcription network that drives muscle development in the roundworm C. elegans, and make a strong argument for an evolutionarily conserved program of myogenesis in all animals.
Gene silencing directs muscle-derived stem cells to become bone-forming cells
Using a relatively new technology called RNA interference to turn off genes that regulate cell differentiation, University of Pittsburgh researchers have demonstrated they can increase the propensity of muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) to become bone-forming cells.
Masterminding muscle development
Dr. Lizi Wu (Dana Farber Cancer Institute) and colleagues report on a critical role for one of the three mammalian mastermind genes (Maml1) in myogenesis - assigning that first biological function to the mammalian MAML Notch co-activators.
Genetics of muscular dystophy
Various forms of human muscular dystrophy result from mutations in genes encoding proteins of the nuclear envelope. A new paper in the February 15th issue of G&D reveals how.
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