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New Peritoneal Dialysis Diagnostic Discovered: Scientists Find Marker for Addressing Infection
October 18, 2007London, ON - Thanks to a discovery by scientists at Robarts Research Institute and The University of Western Ontario, patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis may soon be able to worry less about the risks of infection and lessen their hospital stays.
Peritoneal dialysis, which involves placing a tube into the peritoneal cavity, allows people who have suffered from kidney failure to carry on a relatively normal life; however, complications include high incidence of infection of the abdominal cavity, known as peritonitis, which most patients experience every year or so.
Led by Joaquin Madrenas, Robarts scientist and Canada Research Chair in Immunobiology at Western, the study has looked at the molecule RIP2 (receptor-interacting protein 2) for clues over the past three years. Though the precise function of RIP2 is not yet known, scientists made the important finding that levels of the molecule increase during infection. More importantly, peritoneal dialysis patients with peritonitis who have high levels of RIP2 can be sent home and treated with antibiotics. If RIP2 levels do not go up, patients risk a protracted infection and should be admitted for closer monitoring and more intense treatment. This information can be used to address the need to admit patients to the hospital.
"We currently have no objective indicator if peritonitis will be really bad, so we tend to try to guess how bad it is," says Madrenas. "What we have found is that, by monitoring RIP2, we can predict the outcome of the infection in patients taking part in peritoneal dialysis."
By keeping patients out of hospitals, this discovery not only helps improve quality of life, but also reduces strain on the healthcare system.
The team, which includes Madrenas' PhD student Michelle McCully and a close collaboration with Dr. Peter Blake of the division of nephrology at Western, will now try to adapt the discovery to a clinical laboratory and hopefully develop a diagnostic test that can be conducted with a patient's peritoneal fluid on a routine basis. Madrenas also wonders if there are other factors preventing RIP2 levels from increasing in some patients. "If we know what problem is preventing this increase, we could fix it and possibly prevent infections," he says.
The University of Western Ontario
Scientists identify cell changes leading to impaired 'artificial kidney' function
Molecular targets identified by a Spanish research team may hold the key to freedom for some sufferers of kidney disease. A new study published in Disease Models & Mechanisms (DMM), dmm.biologists.org, reveals the cellular signals which cause one treatment for kidney failure to lose its usefulness over time.
Drug lowers body's 'set point' to control hyperparathyroidism in dialysis patients
A medication called cinacalcet-an important part of treatment to control high levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in patients receiving dialysis for end-stage renal disease (ESRD)-works by resetting the balance between calcium and PTH levels, according to a study in the November Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (JASN).
Standard test for blood sugar control not accurate in diabetic dialysis patients
The standard test for measuring blood sugar control in people with diabetes is not accurate in those on kidney hemodialysis, according to new research at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center.
Landmark Dialysis Study Findings Could Greatly Simplify Treatment of Kidney Disease with Peritoneal Dialysis
Montreal, Canada, June 29, 2001 - Data presented from the largest randomized controlled clinical trial ever completed in dialysis patients suggest that peritoneal dialysis (PD), a flexible home-based dialysis treatment for people with chronic kidney failure, might have far broader applicability than current practice patterns suggest. This study, led by researchers in Mexico and conducted under the auspices of the Mexican healthcare authorities , and supported by Baxter Healthcare Corporation and its Mexico affiliate, was presented this week at an invited scientific session at the IX Congress of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) in Montreal. According to Peter G. Blake,
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