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Gene expression profiling of dengue virus infection in cell lines and patients
November 07, 2007Researchers at the Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases and the Genome Institute of Singapore have identified new host genes associated with dengue virus infection, which may open new avenues to developing a drug to treat the disease.
Dengue is the most prevalent mosquito-born viral disease affecting humans. Dengue-related disease results in an estimated 50-100 million cases of dengue fever and 250,000 to 500,000 cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome each year. Yet there is, at present, no drug treatment at all for the disease nor are there any validated host targets for therapeutic intervention.
Using microarray technology to monitor the response of virtually every human gene, Dr Subhash Vasudevan and Dr. Martin Hibberd's team aimed to identify the ways in which humans interact with dengue virus during infection in order to discover new treatment targets that could be exploited to control viral replication.
From the activated genes, the researchers identified three pathways common to in vitro and in vivo infection; the NF-kappaB initiated immune pathway, the type I interferon pathway, and the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. They next found that inhibiting the ubiquitin proteasome pathway, or activating the type I interferon pathway, resulted in significant inhibition of viral replication whereas inhibiting the NF-kappaB initiated immune pathway had no effect on viral replication. These results suggest that drugs that target the host pathways may prove effective against dengue.
Public Library of Science
From the activated genes, the researchers identified three pathways common to in vitro and in vivo infection; the NF-kappaB initiated immune pathway, the type I interferon pathway, and the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. They next found that inhibiting the ubiquitin proteasome pathway, or activating the type I interferon pathway, resulted in significant inhibition of viral replication whereas inhibiting the NF-kappaB initiated immune pathway had no effect on viral replication. These results suggest that drugs that target the host pathways may prove effective against dengue.
Public Library of Science
Dengue Virus Current Events and Dengue Virus News RSSPopulation movement can be critical factor in dengue's spread
Human movement is a key factor of dengue virus inflow in Rio de Janeiro, according to results from researchers based at the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) in Brazil.
Visualizing virus replication in 3 dimensions
Dengue fever is the most common infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes - some 100 million people around the world are infected. Researchers at the Hygiene Institute at Heidelberg University Hospital were the first to present a three-dimensional model of the location in the human cell where the virus is reproduced.
New test may help to ensure that dengue vaccines do no harm
As vaccines against a virus that infects 100 million people annually reach late-stage clinical trials this year, researchers have developed a test to better predict whether a given vaccine candidate should protect patients from the infection, or in some cases, make it more dangerous, according to an article just published in the journal Clinical and Vaccine Immunology.
Smaller mosquitoes are more likey to be infected with viruses causing human diseases
An entomologist at the Illinois Natural History Survey, a division of the new UI Institute for Natural Resource Sustainability, says smaller mosquitoes are more likely to be infected with viruses that cause diseases in humans.
Findings reveal how dengue virus matures, becomes infectious
Biologists at Purdue University have determined why dengue virus particles undergo structural changes as they mature in host cells and how the changes are critical for enabling the virus to infect new host cells.
Lower transmission increases dengue deaths
A pair of researchers has answered a puzzle about why efforts to lower the transmission of dengue virus in Thailand have not resulted in decreases in the severe, life-threatening, form of the infection. In fact, it seems to have had just the opposite effect.
NIAID experts see dengue as potential threat to US public health
A disease most Americans have never heard of could soon become more prevalent if dengue, a flu-like illness that can turn deadly, continues to expand into temperate climates and increase in severity, according to a new commentary by Anthony S. Fauci, M.D., director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health, and David M. Morens, M.D., Fauci's senior scientific advisor.
New system would use rotating magnetic field to detect pathogens
Researchers at Purdue and Duke universities have developed a technique that uses a magnetic field to selectively separate tiny magnetic particles, representing a highly sensitive method for potentially diagnosing disease by testing samples from patients.
Substantial costs and underreporting of dengue fever, concerns about blood supply face US
Dengue fever, known as "breakbone fever" because of the excruciating back and joint pain that accompanies this infectious disease, is a growing public health threat for people living in tropical countries, as well as travelers to destinations such as Thailand, Brazil and Puerto Rico.
Discovery may help defang viruses
Researchers may be able to tinker with a single amino acid of an enzyme that helps viruses multiply to render them harmless, according to molecular biologists who say the discovery could pave the way for a fast and cheap method of making vaccines.
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