 |
|
Dissecting the genetic components of adaptation of E. coli to the mouse gut
January 14, 2008New insights into the evolutionary mechanisms that facilitate the remarkably fast adaptation of intestinal bacteria within their natural environment are provided in the January issue of PLoS Genetics by researchers from INSERM and INRA at University Paris Descartes.
Using germ-free mice - a simplified but ecologically relevant system - the authors analyzed the intestinal adaptation of a model bacterial strain, Escherichia coli MG1655. E. coli is naturally resident within the adult mammalian gut and one of the first bacteria to colonize the human intestine at birth. The mammalian intestine is therefore a privileged site to study how co-evolution between hosts and the trillions of bacteria that form the commensal flora has shaped the genome of each partner and promoted the development of mutualistic interactions.
Commensal bacteria settle on all surfaces exposed to the outside but most prominently in our intestine where they develop a high degree of interdependency with their host. Recent work has shown how these bacteria may impact on our health by modulating our metabolic functions and immune defences. Much less is known on how commensal bacteria adapt to the open and constantly changing ecosystem represented by our intestine.
Intestinal colonization of germ-free mice by E. coli was followed by the very rapid selection of bacteria carrying mutations in a master regulator that controls and coordinates the expression of over 100 target genes. The important selective advantage conferred by the mutations was related with their additive and independent effects on genes regulating bacterial motility and permeability.
These results suggest that global regulators may have evolved to coordinate physiological activities necessary for adaptation to complex environments and that mutations offer a complementary genetic mechanism to adjust the scale of the physiological regulation controlled by these regulators in distinct environments.
While this study yields an interesting model to analyze how intestinal bacteria can adapt to their host, the authors stress that it represents a simplified ecological system compared with the complexity prevailing within the human intestine. Future work will be necessary to assess how commensal bacteria can adapt to their host while simultaneously competing with hundreds of other bacterial species present in the intestinal microecological system.
Public Library of Science
Intestinal colonization of germ-free mice by E. coli was followed by the very rapid selection of bacteria carrying mutations in a master regulator that controls and coordinates the expression of over 100 target genes. The important selective advantage conferred by the mutations was related with their additive and independent effects on genes regulating bacterial motility and permeability.
These results suggest that global regulators may have evolved to coordinate physiological activities necessary for adaptation to complex environments and that mutations offer a complementary genetic mechanism to adjust the scale of the physiological regulation controlled by these regulators in distinct environments.
While this study yields an interesting model to analyze how intestinal bacteria can adapt to their host, the authors stress that it represents a simplified ecological system compared with the complexity prevailing within the human intestine. Future work will be necessary to assess how commensal bacteria can adapt to their host while simultaneously competing with hundreds of other bacterial species present in the intestinal microecological system.
Public Library of Science
Intestinal Bacteria Current Events and Intestinal Bacteria News RSSSerum bile acid profiling for inflammatory bowel disease characterization
Based on serum bank material, BA profiling was applied in IBD patients and healthy controls which showed that most but not all BA species were decreased to a different extent in CD and UC.
Intestinal cells surprisingly active in pursuit of nutrition and defense
Every cell lining the small intestine bristles with thousands of tightly packed microvilli that project into the gut lumen, forming a brush border that absorbs nutrients and protects the body from intestinal bacteria.
Tufted bacteria cause infection in premature babies
Bacteria that normally reside on the skin of healthy people can cause serious infections in premature babies. A group of researchers at Karolinska Institutet have now found an explanation for why a certain kind of staphylococcus can attach itself to the skin and quickly develop dynamic ecosystems: the bacteria are like tufted, self-adhesive hairballs.
JDRF funded study links 'hygiene hypothesis' to diabetes prevention
A research study funded by JDRF suggests that a common intestinal bacteria may provide some protection from developing type 1 diabetes. The findings provide an important step towards understanding how and why type 1 diabetes develops in people, and may lead to potential cures.
Is re-emerging superbug the next MRSA?
Loyola physicians warn little-known bacteria Clostridium difficile next emerging disease threat, killing 1,000s in the United State.
Prebiotic potential of almonds
Almonds, as well as being high in vitamin E and other minerals, are also thought to have other health benefits, such as reducing cholesterol.
Study finds healthy intestinal bacteria within chicken eggs: Finding could have important implications for poultry industry, food safety
The conventional wisdom among scientists has long been that birds acquire the intestinal bacteria that are necessary for good health from their environment, but a new University of Georgia study finds that chickens are actually born with those bacteria.
Getting better with a little help from our 'micro' friends
A naturally occurring molecule made by symbiotic gut bacteria may offer a new type of treatment for inflammatory bowel disease, according to scientists at the California Institute of Technology.
MGH study identifies enzyme that protects against intestinal bacterial toxin
A persistent mystery in human medicine is how the lining of the small intestine, through which nutrients are absorbed, also prevents intestinal bacteria and their toxins from entering the bloodstream and causing serious infections.
Scientists find how bacteria in cows milk may cause Crohn's disease
Scientists at the University of Liverpool have found how a bacterium, known to cause illness in cattle, may cause Crohn's disease in humans.
More Intestinal Bacteria Current Events and Intestinal Bacteria News Articles
|
Metabolism of the dietary lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside by human intestinal bacteria by Thomas Clavel (Author) The intestinal tract of humans harbours diverse and complex bacterial communities. However, the symbiotic to pathogenic relationships between host and bacteria, and the underlying influence of bacterial activities on host functions, are still largely unknown. Nutritional compounds are intrinsic elements of intestinal ecosystems and interact with both host and bacterial cells. To better understand the human intestinal ecosystem and its role in health maintenance, bacteriological studies applied to nutrition are essential. In this context, the present thesis focuses on the metabolism of dietary phytoestrogens by human intestinal microbiota. | |
 |
Bio-Sponge Equine (Intestinal Adsorbent Paste) - 60cc by PLATINUM Performance Bio-Sponge is an intestinal protectant designed to help support healthy intestinal function. Bio-Sponge has substantial capacity to adsorb and absorb toxins, viruses, bacteria and free radicals. A university study showed that Bio-SpongeTM adsorbed 99% of clostridium difficile and clostridium perfringens toxins in vitro.Ingredients: Di-Tri-Octahedral Smectite and Filtered WaterRecommendations for use: Shake well before dispensingFor oral administration as an aid in supporting healthy intestinal function in newborn foals: For best results, initially administer 30cc of Bio-Sponge Paste 6 hours after the foal first nurses the mare. Administer twice daily for six days or as directed by your veterinarian.For oral administration as an aid in supporting healthy intestinal function in foals with... |
 |
Natrol Acidophilus, Capsules, Value Size, 300 capsules (Pack of 2) by Natrol Dietary Supplement. Probiotic. Provides beneficial organisms through the life of the product. Helps support proper immune function. May help acid in digestion and elimination. By taking Natrol Acidophilus each day, you can: Help maintain a healthy balance |
 |
Lavaging Intestinal Bacterium Surgical Ward (Primary Contributor) |
 |
Total Flora 15 by Get Healthy Again TotalFlora15 is our newest and strongest probiotic formula. It does an excellent job of recolonizing the intestinal tract with billions of friendly bacteria even in the presence of candida. There are estimated to be one hundred trillion bacteria living inside the human intestine including 500 different species. These bacteria together weigh two to three pounds and could be considered your first organ of defense against disease. Some of these bacteria are referred to as "good" but others provide little or no benefit. The ideal balance between them is 85% good and 15% "other". If the "others" numbers grow too large, you're not going to feel great. This is why it is so important to help the "good" numbers stay high. This requires bacterial action of many types not just 1, 2 or even 3 or 4.... |
|
Learn how intestinal bacteria utilize oligosaccharides.: An article from: Emerging Food R&D Report by Food Technology Intelligence, Inc. (Publisher) This digital document is an article from Emerging Food R&D Report, published by Food Technology Intelligence, Inc. on June 1, 2003. The length of the article is 530 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Citation Details Title: Learn how intestinal bacteria utilize oligosaccharides. Publication: Emerging Food R&D Report (Newsletter) Date: June 1, 2003 Publisher: Food Technology Intelligence, Inc. Volume: 14 Issue: 3 Page: NA Distributed by Thomson... | |
 |
Bacteria of Human Intestinal Tract, Painted by Jane Hurd Collections Framed Art Poster Print, 31x25 by Art.com Art.com is the world's largest retailer of art prints, posters, photographs, and framed artwork. With our huge selection of over 400,000 prints, you'll easily find the perfect piece for your home, office, or classroom. Our art is printed on quality paper. When you order framed artwork, the piece is built by our team of in-house professionals. Visit our Amazon store today at www.amazon.com/artdotcom to find Special Offers and search for products based on 'Artist Name' and 'Subject Categories' such as Movie, Music, Vintage, TV, Children, Travel, Kitchen, Museum Art, Animals, Floral, Motivational, and Sports. Art.com is dedicated to providing you with high quality products and service by offering you 100% satisfaction guaranteed. We ship internationally to over 80 countries. Decorate your... |
 |
Acidophilus (2 billion friendly intestinal tract bacteria--90 capsules) by Great American Health Products Lactobacillus acidophilus, a friendly bacteria, populates the intestinal tract where it aids digestion and helps maintain a healthy microbial balance. Doctors A-Z® Acidophilus capsules are a great way to replenish the bodys levels of these health-promoting allies. SUPPLEMENT FACTS: Serving Size = 2 Capsules. Servings Per Container = 45. Lactobacillus acidophilus = 2 billion viable organisms. Other Ingredients: Microcrystalline cellulose (plant fiber), gelatin. Suggested Use: As a dietary supplement, take two capsules with water before a meal. For children, one capsule with water before a meal. |
|
Interaction between Shaoyao-Gancao-Tang and a laxative with respect to alteration of paeoniflorin metabolism by intestinal bacteria in rats.: An article ... Journal of Phytotherapy & Phytopharmacology by Ju-Xiu He (Author), Emi Goto (Author), Teruaki Akao (Author), Tadato Tani (Author) This digital document is an article from Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy & Phytopharmacology, published by Thomson Gale on August 1, 2007. The length of the article is 3966 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Citation Details Title: Interaction between Shaoyao-Gancao-Tang and a laxative with respect to alteration of paeoniflorin metabolism by intestinal bacteria in rats. Author: Ju-Xiu He Publication: Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy & Phytopharmacology (Magazine/Journal) Date: August 1, 2007 Publisher: Thomson Gale Volume: 14 Issue:... | |
 |
Bacteria of Human Intestinal Tract, Painted by Jane Hurd Photographic Poster Print, 16x12 by Art.com Art.com is the world's largest retailer of art prints, posters, photographs, and framed artwork. With our huge selection of over 400,000 prints, you'll easily find the perfect piece for your home, office, or classroom. Our art is printed on quality paper. When you order framed artwork, the piece is built by our team of in-house professionals. Visit our Amazon store today at www.amazon.com/artdotcom to find Special Offers and search for products based on 'Artist Name' and 'Subject Categories' such as Movie, Music, Vintage, TV, Children, Travel, Kitchen, Museum Art, Animals, Floral, Motivational, and Sports. Art.com is dedicated to providing you with high quality products and service by offering you 100% satisfaction guaranteed. We ship internationally to over 80 countries. Decorate your... |
| © 2009 BrightSurf.com |