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A promising new approach to cadmium induced hepatoxicity: Cytoprotective effect of midkine
January 17, 2008Cadmium comes from a wide variety of sources in the environment and from industry and is extremely toxic to humans. Environmental exposure can occur via the diet and drinking water. In chronic exposure, it also accumulates in the body, particularly in the kidneys and the liver. The liver acts as a detoxification organ. It filters the blood coming from the gastrointestinal tract and liver cells can be exposed to almost whole ingested and absorbed molecules and toxins at their highest concentrations through the portal vein. At present, there is no effective treatment for cadmium intoxication other than symptomatic treatment. Some chelating compounds are used for this purpose.
A research article published on January 7, 2008 in the World Journal of Gastroenterology (volume 14, issue 1) addresses this problem. An understanding of the processes that ensure self-protection against toxic substances is essential for the development and application of new therapeutic regimens. In research conducted in hepatocyte cell culture, cadmium exposure causes dose and time dependent damage in liver cells. Dr. Yazihan et al found cadmium intoxication stimulates secretion of midkine in a dose and time dependent manner. Midkine is mitogenic to cells. Midkine expression is found in the liver from early gestation. It is a heparin binding growth factor that regulates cell growth, survival, and differentiation. In this study it was found that exogenous midkine application induces hepatocyte proliferation. Midkine treatment prevented apoptosis, lactate dehydrogenase leakage and cytotoxicity caused by cadmium exposure in Hep3B cells. Midkine secretion might be one of the self defense mechanisms of the hepatocytes. The results of this study suggest a promising future therapy with midkine in cadmium induced hepatotoxicity. Midkine may also be beneficial to other hepatotoxic conditions.
World Journal of Gastroenterology
Cadmium News and Current Cadmium Events RSSHeavy metal link to mutations, low growth and fertility among crustaceans in Sydney Harbor tributary
Heavy metal pollutants are linked to genetic mutations, stunted growth and declining fertility among small crustaceans in the Parramatta River, the main tributary of Sydney Harbour, new research shows.
Greenland Ice Core Reveals History of Pollution in the Arctic
New research, reported this week in the online early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, finds that coal burning, primarily in North America and Europe, contaminated the Arctic and potentially affected human health and ecosystems in and around Earth's polar regions.
Low level cadmium exposure linked to lung disease
New research suggests that cadmium is one of the critical ingredients causing emphysema, and even low-level exposure attained through second-hand smoke and other means may also increase the chance of developing lung disease.
Using live fish, new tool a sentinel for environmental contamination
Researchers have harnessed the sensitivity of days-old fish embryos to create a tool capable of detecting a range of harmful chemicals.
A First in Integrated Nanowire Sensor Circuitry
Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California at Berkeley have created the world's first all-integrated sensor circuit based on nanowire arrays, combining light sensors and electronics made of different crystalline materials. Their method can be used to reproduce numerous such devices with high uniformity.
UNH Researchers Test Sediment-Scrubbing Technology In Cocheco River
In a mud flat at the edge of the Cocheco River, just outside downtown Dover, scientists from the University of New Hampshire's Contaminated Sediments Center are testing an innovative way to treat polluted sediment in coastal waterways.
Microwave synthesis connects with the (quantum) dots
Materials researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have developed a simplified, low-cost process for producing high-quality, water-soluble "quantum dots" for biological research.
Oregon physicists don't flip spin but find possible electron switch
University of Oregon researchers trying to flip the spin of electrons with laser bursts lasting picoseconds (a trillionth of a second) instead found a way to manipulate and control the spin -- knowledge that may prove useful in a variety of new materials and technologies.
New Superlattice Structure Enables High Performance Infrared Imaging
Scientists at the Center for Quantum Devices (CQD) in the McCormick School of Engineering at Northwestern University have demonstrated for the first time a high-performance infrared imager, based on a Type II superlattice, which looks at wavelengths 20 times longer than visible light.
New sensor system improves detection of lead, heavy metals
The Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has developed a new rapid, portable and inexpensive detection system that identifies personal exposures to toxic lead and other dangerous heavy metals.
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