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Older whites more likely to have signs of future eye disease than blacks
February 12, 2008White individuals older than 65 are more likely than black individuals to have characteristics that indicate they will develop more advanced forms of the eye disease age-related macular degeneration (AMD), according to a report in the February issue of Archives of Ophthalmology, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
AMD is a leading cause of vision loss in the United States. Early symptoms include the appearance of drusen (large yellow or white spots in the retina), according to background information in the article. Previous studies have shown a potential difference in rates of AMD between black and white individuals.
Susan B. Bressler, M.D., of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, and colleagues analyzed the eyes of 2,520 individuals (average age 73.5 years) of whom 1,854 were white and 666 were black. Photographs of each eye were taken and assessed for several characteristics of AMD, including drusen and abnormal blood vessel growth.
Larger drusen, connected drusen, those covering a larger area and those closer to the center of the eye were more likely to be found in whites. White individuals were also more likely to already have advanced AMD (1.7 percent vs. 1.1 percent of blacks) and geographic atrophy, another form of AMD, (1.8 percent of whites vs. 0.3 percent of blacks).
"Such data strongly suggest that white individuals are more likely to progress to advanced vision-disabling AMD (certainly to geographic atrophy) than black individuals," the authors conclude. The data also suggest that black individuals may have a mechanism for protection against AMD and other eye abnormalities. "The absence of racial differences in these early lesions in the pericentral (surrounding the center) area suggest that further research is warranted on factors that protect black individuals from lesions in the central zone or promote central lesions in white individuals."
JAMA and Archives Journals
Larger drusen, connected drusen, those covering a larger area and those closer to the center of the eye were more likely to be found in whites. White individuals were also more likely to already have advanced AMD (1.7 percent vs. 1.1 percent of blacks) and geographic atrophy, another form of AMD, (1.8 percent of whites vs. 0.3 percent of blacks).
"Such data strongly suggest that white individuals are more likely to progress to advanced vision-disabling AMD (certainly to geographic atrophy) than black individuals," the authors conclude. The data also suggest that black individuals may have a mechanism for protection against AMD and other eye abnormalities. "The absence of racial differences in these early lesions in the pericentral (surrounding the center) area suggest that further research is warranted on factors that protect black individuals from lesions in the central zone or promote central lesions in white individuals."
JAMA and Archives Journals
Eye Disease Current Events and Eye Disease News RSSResearchers find new way to attack inflammation in Graves' eye disease
A small group of patients with severe Graves' eye disease experienced rapid improvement of their symptoms - and improved vision - following treatment with the drug rituximab.
Cataract surgery helps AMD patients; steroid improves DME; online eye health forum
This month's Ophthalmology, the journal of the American Academy of Ophthalmology (Academy) reports on a national study that finds cataract surgery is likely to benefit patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) at all stages of the disease, on a clinical trial showing that the steroid triamcinolone may be effective in advanced diabetic macular edema (DME) patients when standard treatment fails, and on the public's use of two Academy-sponsored online eye health forums.
Experimental treatments restore partial vision to blind people
Two experimental treatments, a retinal prosthesis and fetal tissue transplant, restored some vision to people with blinding eye diseases. The findings, presented at Neuroscience 2009, the annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience and the world's largest source of emerging news on brain science and health, may lead to new treatments for the blind.
Cancer drug is no different in effectiveness as gold standard treatment for macular degeneration
Investigators from Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) and the VA Boston Healthcare System have shown, at 6 months in a small group of patients, that there is no difference in efficacy between Bevacizumab (Avastin) and Ranibizumab (Lucentis) for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
Toronto researchers discover novel circulation in human eye, new glaucoma treatment target
Researchers at the University of Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital and Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre have discovered a previously unidentified form of circulation within the human eye which may provide important new insights into glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness.
International conference on endothelin
One of the most intriguing developments in recent medical science is the discovery of the human chemical endothelin (ET).
JDRF-funded studies show regular CGM use increases diabetes control for all age groups
The latest data from groundbreaking human clinical trials of the effectiveness of continuous glucose monitors (CGM) show that the primary determinant of improvements in achieving better diabetes control is regular use of monitors - six days per week or more - rather than the age of patients, and that benefits continue well past the time when people with type 1 diabetes begin using the devices - including experiencing fewer low blood sugar emergencies.
Elevated arginase levels contribute to vascular eye disease such as diabetic retinopathy
Elevated levels of the enzyme arginase contribute to vascular eye damage and Medical College of Georgia researchers say therapies to normalize its levels could halt progression of potentially blinding diseases such as diabetic retinopathy.
Anti-growth factor drugs raise hope and concern for treatment of children's eye diseases
A new class of antibody drugs may provide a powerful new tool for the treatment of eye diseases in children, but specialists need to be alert for the possibility of serious side effects, according to an editorial in the August Journal of AAPOS (American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus), published by Elsevier.
Natural Compound Stops Diabetic Retinopathy
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center have found a way to use a natural compound to stop one of the leading causes of blindness in the United States.
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