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NIST evaluates firefighting tactics in NYC high-rise test
March 19, 2008National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) fire protection engineers turned an abandoned New York City (NYC) brick high-rise into a seven-story fire laboratory last month to better understand the fast-moving spread of wind-driven flames, smoke and toxic gases through corridors and stairways of burning buildings. The experiments on NYC's Governors Island, conducted in partnership with the Fire Department of New York (FDNY) and New York's Polytechnic University, examined the effectiveness of firefighting tactics such as the use of positive pressure ventilation fans, wind control devices and hose streams to control or suppress deadly heat and smoke from the wind-driven fires.
Between 1985 and 2002, 1,600 civilians died and more than 20,000 people were injured in approximately 385,000 high-rise building fires in the United States, according to the National Fire Protection Association. Due to temperature differences between the outside and inside of a building on fire, open doors and broken windows far from the actual site of the fire can increase the movement of hot gases and smoke dramatically. Wind-driven flames, heat and smoke with temperatures exceeding 815 C (1500 F) can speed across entire floors and around corridors without warning. Smoke and heat entering stairwells often can block the evacuation of occupants and can hinder firefighting operations.
To develop an understanding of the wind-driven fires and measure the impact of the firefighting tactics, NIST researchers placed cameras, temperature and pressure sensors throughout the building. From a safe ground floor monitoring post, the researchers with laptops monitored the progress of intentionally set fires raging through the apartments and public corridors. They recorded, second-by-second, the effects of opening or closing doors and windows both near and far from the blaze.
Positive pressure ventilation fans, prototype wind control devices and prototype high-rise fire suppression nozzles, which were developed by FDNY, all had a positive impact on controlling the effects of a wind-driven fires.
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
Positive pressure ventilation fans, prototype wind control devices and prototype high-rise fire suppression nozzles, which were developed by FDNY, all had a positive impact on controlling the effects of a wind-driven fires.
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
Firefighting Current Events and Firefighting News RSSBackpack Straps Can Decrease Blood Flow In The Shoulder And Arm
More than 92 percent of the children in the U.S. carry backpacks. Typically the backpacks are loaded with almost one-fourth of the child's body weight (22 percent) and worn with only one strap.
1 in 8 World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers developed post-traumatic stress disorder
Thousands of World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers were still suffering serious mental health effects three years after the disaster, the Health Department reported today.
Emergency responses greatly increase risk to firefighters of dying on duty from heart disease
Firefighters engage in a dangerous occupation, risking life-threatening burns and smoke inhalation, among other hazards.
Firefighters face increased risk for certain cancers
University of Cincinnati (UC) environmental health researchers have determined that firefighters are significantly more likely to develop four different types of cancer than workers in other fields.
Helping human and robot firefighters work as a team
Imagine a firefighter scrambling through a burning building, searching for survivors of a devastating explosion. Injured people on the far side of a brick wall, but out of reach. However, the partner on the other side promptly smashes through the wall, clears a path so both can help the survivors. Science fiction perhaps? No, this is exactly the scenario that partners in the PELOTE project have been working on.
New Expert is Flying High at Cranfield
The Safety and Accident Investigation Centre at Cranfield University is now fully operational thanks to the appointment of Dr Graham Braithwaite as Senior Lecturer and Director. Graham has joined Cranfield following a six-year period working down under in the Department of Aviation at the University of New South Wales, Sydney. Graham's new role will include overseeing the evolution of the Cranfield Aviation Safety Centre which was set up by Frank Taylor in 1976. Speaking about his appointment he said: "The need for investigation has only increased as aviation expands and as the focus has shifted towards safety management systems. "The proud tradition of engineering and investigation
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