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Trans-fatty acids and insulin sensitivity
July 09, 2008Trans-fatty acids have been the topic of a lot of negative health news, but in the July Journal of Lipid research, a dietary study in rats suggests that trans-fats do not increase the risk of insulin resistance and diabetes, which may ease at least one area of concern.
Epidemiological studies indicate that chronic consumption of trans-fats may alter muscle insulin sensitivity, as their unusual molecular shapes can reduce muscle's ability to burn energy; in turn, reduced fat oxidation may promote insulin resistance.
The data in this area has been conflicting, so Beatrice Morio and colleagues undertook a detailed study in rats. They gave rats an eight-week diet enriched in either industrial trans-fats (processed oils), natural trans-fats (dairy fat), or regular unsaturated fats.
In none of the cases did the diet alter the rat's insulin or glucose responses, nor did it significantly affect their muscle capacity. The researchers confirmed their rat studies in cell culture studies by incubating muscle cells with either trans-fatty acids or oleic acid (olive oil); as in the rats, there were no noticeable difference in the insulin sensitivity of the cells.
So while trans-fatty acids are still relatively unhealthy, these findings do show that muscles can utilize them, whether natural or industrial, much like regular fats; thus, trans-fat metabolites won't accumulate in muscles and increase the risk of insulin resistance and diabetes.
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
In none of the cases did the diet alter the rat's insulin or glucose responses, nor did it significantly affect their muscle capacity. The researchers confirmed their rat studies in cell culture studies by incubating muscle cells with either trans-fatty acids or oleic acid (olive oil); as in the rats, there were no noticeable difference in the insulin sensitivity of the cells.
So while trans-fatty acids are still relatively unhealthy, these findings do show that muscles can utilize them, whether natural or industrial, much like regular fats; thus, trans-fat metabolites won't accumulate in muscles and increase the risk of insulin resistance and diabetes.
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
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ISO 15304:2002, Animal and vegetable fats and oils - Determination of the content of trans fatty acid isomers of vegetable fats and oils - Gas chromatographic method by ISO/TC 34/SC 11 (Author) This International Standard specifies a gas chromatographic method using capillary columns for the determination of the content of trans fatty acid isomers of vegetable oils and fats.The method is specially designed to evaluate, by a single capillary gas chromatographic (GC) procedure, the level of trans isomers as formed during (high temperature) refining, or during hydrogenation of vegetable oils or fats.The method may also be used to report all other fatty acids (e.g. to obtain the full fatty acid composition and total amounts of saturated fatty acids, mono-unsaturated fatty acids and poly-unsaturated fatty acids) from the same sample and same analysis. |
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