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New evidence on addiction to medicines Diazepam has effect on nerve cells in the brain reward system
August 28, 2008Addictions to medicines and drugs are thought to develop over a relatively long period of time. The process involves both structural and functional changes in brain nerve cells that are still poorly understood. However, a single drug or alcohol dose is sufficient to generate an initial stage of addiction. Recent research conducted under the umbrella of the Academy of Finland Research Programme on Neuroscience (NEURO) has discovered the same phenomenon in the dosage of benzodiazepine diazepam.
Benzodiazepines are highly effective medicines that are widely used in the treatment of anxiety, insomnia, pains, panic attacks and other symptoms. However, over time patients may develop an increased tolerance towards these medicines and an unhealthy dependence.
"Previously, addiction to benzodiazepines has been explained by reference to negative rather than positive reinforcement. In other words, the thinking has been that the reason people continue to use the medicine is that it helps to alleviate their distressing withdrawal symptoms and general discomfort, rather than because it provides a sense of reward," says Professor Esa Korpi, who has been in charge of the research project at the University of Helsinki.
However, according to the latest research it seems that diazepam causes a similar change in the brain's reward-inducing dopamine cells as a dose of alcohol, morphine, amphetamine or cocaine. Furthermore, neural message transmission in the dopamine cells is reinforced for up to 72 hours after ingestion of diazepam. "Our studies have shown that diazepam also affects the dopamine system, which adds a new positive reinforcement mechanism of reward learning to the theory of benzodiazepine addiction," Korpi explains.
Academy of Finland
However, according to the latest research it seems that diazepam causes a similar change in the brain's reward-inducing dopamine cells as a dose of alcohol, morphine, amphetamine or cocaine. Furthermore, neural message transmission in the dopamine cells is reinforced for up to 72 hours after ingestion of diazepam. "Our studies have shown that diazepam also affects the dopamine system, which adds a new positive reinforcement mechanism of reward learning to the theory of benzodiazepine addiction," Korpi explains.
Academy of Finland
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Monitoring outcomes of suicide attempts in pregnancy can better assess drug dangers
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Septum keeps neurons in synch, can reduce epileptic seizures by 90 percent
The brain's septum helps prevent epileptic seizures by inducing rhythmical electrical activity in the circuits of another area of the brain known as the hippocampus, according to a new study in the Journal of Neurophysiology.
New sleep medication shows less potential to foster abuse and dependence
As part of the effort to develop effective behavioral and medical sleep therapies, scientists consider the potential for dependence and abuse associated with prescription sleep drugs.
Ginkgo biloba extract: More than just for memory?
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Complex Gene Interactions Account for Autism Risk
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Opiates better than sedatives for treating newborns in withdrawal
For years, sedatives have been the gold standard for treating newborns suffering from opiate withdrawal. However, new research suggests that opiates themselves are superior to sedatives for treating infants born to women who used heroin or methadone while pregnant.
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Diazepam: An entry from Thomson Gale's Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders by Brian, PhD Hoyle (Author) Targeted to patients, their families and allied health students, The “Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders” provides in-depth coverage of neurological diseases and disorders, including stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson disease, Tourette Syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral palsy, vertigo, amnesia and epilepsy. Related topics include communication aids, electric personal assistive mobility devices, medications for treating neurological diseases and conditions, understanding the needs of Alzheimer patient caregivers and more. This two-volume set provides an alternative to resources that either fail to explore neurological disease in any depth and or do so at a level not appropriate for students and general readers. | |
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Diazepam - A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, and Annotated Research Guide to Internet References by Health Publica Icon Health Publications (Author) In March 2001, the National Institutes of Health issued the following warning: "The number of Web sites offering health-related resources grows every day. Many sites provide valuable information, while others may have information that is unreliable or misleading." Furthermore, because of the rapid increase in Internet-based information, many hours can be wasted searching, selecting, and printing.This book was created for medical professionals, students, and members of the general public who want to conduct medical research using the most advanced tools available and spending the least amount of time doing so. |
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ODV NarcoPouch Valium/Diazepam Reagent, Pouch, 10/pk by ODV Features of the ODV NarcoPouch Valium/Diazepam Reagent: Presumptive test designed to identify the presence of Valium, Diazepam, Rohypnol (Roofies) and Ketamine. After breakage and agitation of the two ampoules, a pale Lavender color will develop in the presence of Valium, Diazepam and Rohypnol. A darker Lavender color will develop after the 2nd ampoule in the presence of Ketamine. The product referenced on this detail page is sold be 10/pk. |
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Efectos de una dosis de diazepam sobre el estado emocional en una muestra no clínica.: An article from: Psicologia y Salud by Juan Carlos Sierra (Author), Juan Domingo Martín Ortiz (Author), Jorge Poveda Vera (Author) This digital document is an article from Psicologia y Salud, published by Universidad Veracruzana on January 1, 2003. The length of the article is 4829 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Citation Details Title: Efectos de una dosis de diazepam sobre el estado emocional en una muestra no clínica. Author: Juan Carlos Sierra Publication: Psicologia y Salud (Magazine/Journal) Date: January 1, 2003 Publisher: Universidad Veracruzana Volume: 13 Issue: 1 Page: 103(8) Distributed by Thomson... | |
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Potentiation by saiboku-to of diazepam-induced decreases in hippocampal and striatal acetylcholine release in rats.: An article from: Phytomedicine: International ... Journal of Phytotherapy & Phytopharmacology by Y. Ikarashi (Author), M. Yuzurihara (Author) This digital document is an article from Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy & Phytopharmacology, published by Urban & Fischer Verlag on December 1, 2002. The length of the article is 5314 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Citation Details Title: Potentiation by saiboku-to of diazepam-induced decreases in hippocampal and striatal acetylcholine release in rats. Author: Y. Ikarashi Publication: Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy & Phytopharmacology (Refereed) Date: December 1, 2002 Publisher: Urban & Fischer Verlag Volume: 9 Issue: 8 ... | |
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