 |
|
Parental warning: second-hand smoke may trigger nicotine dependence symptoms in kids
September 30, 2008Parents who smoke cigarettes around their kids in cars and homes beware -- second-hand smoke may trigger symptoms of nicotine dependence in children. The findings are published in the September edition of the journal Addictive Behaviors in a joint study from nine Canadian institutions.
"Increased exposure to second-hand smoke, both in cars and homes, was associated with an increased likelihood of children reporting nicotine dependence symptoms, even though these children had never smoked," says Dr. Jennifer O'Loughlin, senior author of the study, a professor at the Université de Montréal's Department of Social and Preventive Medicine and a researcher at the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal.
"These findings support the need for public health interventions that promote non-smoking in the presence of children, and uphold policies to restrict smoking in vehicles when children are present," adds Dr. O'Loughlin, who collaborated with researchers from the Université de Sherbrooke, the Université de Moncton, the University of British Columbia, McGill University, Concordia University and the Institut national de santé publique du Québec.
Study participants were recruited from 29 Quebec schools as part of AdoQuest, a cohort investigation that measures tobacco use and other health-compromising behaviours. Some 1,800 children aged 10 to 12 years old, from all socioeconomic levels, were asked to complete questionnaires on their health and behaviours. Researchers also asked questions about symptoms of nicotine dependence and exposure to second-hand smoke.
"According to conventional understanding, a person who does not smoke cannot experience nicotine dependence," says Mathieu Bélanger, the study's lead author and the new research director of the Centre de Formation Médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick of the Université de Moncton and Université de Sherbrooke. "Our study found that 5 percent of children who had never smoked a cigarette, but who were exposed to secondhand smoke in cars or their homes, reported symptoms of nicotine dependence."
Dr. O'Loughlin added that this inter-university investigation builds on previous findings: "Exposure to second-hand smoke among non-smokers may cause symptoms that seem to reflect several nicotine withdrawal symptoms: depressed mood, trouble sleeping, irritability, anxiety, restlessness, trouble concentrating and increased appetite."
University of Montreal
Study participants were recruited from 29 Quebec schools as part of AdoQuest, a cohort investigation that measures tobacco use and other health-compromising behaviours. Some 1,800 children aged 10 to 12 years old, from all socioeconomic levels, were asked to complete questionnaires on their health and behaviours. Researchers also asked questions about symptoms of nicotine dependence and exposure to second-hand smoke.
"According to conventional understanding, a person who does not smoke cannot experience nicotine dependence," says Mathieu Bélanger, the study's lead author and the new research director of the Centre de Formation Médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick of the Université de Moncton and Université de Sherbrooke. "Our study found that 5 percent of children who had never smoked a cigarette, but who were exposed to secondhand smoke in cars or their homes, reported symptoms of nicotine dependence."
Dr. O'Loughlin added that this inter-university investigation builds on previous findings: "Exposure to second-hand smoke among non-smokers may cause symptoms that seem to reflect several nicotine withdrawal symptoms: depressed mood, trouble sleeping, irritability, anxiety, restlessness, trouble concentrating and increased appetite."
University of Montreal
Nicotine Dependence Current Events and Nicotine Dependence News RSSCrushing cigarettes in a virtual reality environment reduces tobacco addiction
Smokers who crushed computer-simulated cigarettes as part of a psychosocial treatment program in a virtual reality environment had significantly reduced nicotine dependence and higher rates of tobacco abstinence than smokers participating in the same program who grasped a computer-simulated ball.
Lung cancer risk increases with expression of specific genes
A recent study published in the October 2009 issue of the Journal of Thoracic Oncology determined that variations of specific genetic markers identified in previous research, or SNPs, may indicate a greater lung cancer risk in African Americans than in whites.
Nicotine dependence remains prevalent despite recent declines in cigarette use
Despite recent declines in cigarette use in the U.S., nicotine dependence has remained steady among adults and has actually increased among some groups.
Skin color clue to nicotine dependence
Higher concentrations of melanin -- the color pigment in skin and hair -- may be placing darker pigmented smokers at increased susceptibility to nicotine dependence and tobacco-related carcinogens than lighter skinned smokers, according to scientists.
Throwing the micro switch: MicroRNA may link smoking risk gene to neurobiology of addiction
During the past several years, significant progress has been made in identifying susceptibility genes for nicotine dependence through genetic linkage and association analyses.
Kids who watch R-rated movies are more likely to smoke
A new study finds that kids who are allowed to watch R-rated movies are much more likely to believe it's easy to get a cigarette than those who aren't allowed to watch such films.
Genetic markers identified for alcohol response in UCSF Gallo study
Researchers at the UCSF Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center have identified a region on the human genome that appears to determine how strongly drinkers feel the effects of alcohol and thus how prone they are to alcohol abuse.
Penn research probes genetic underpinnings of nicotine addiction
A new study from the Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Psychiatry in the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine shows that smokers who carry a particular version of a gene for an enzyme that regulates dopamine in the brain may suffer from concentration problems and other cognitive deficits when abstaining from nicotine - a problem that puts them at risk for relapse during attempts to quit smoking.
ADHD appears to increase level of nicotine dependence in smokers
Young people with ADHD are not only at increased risk of starting to smoke cigarettes, they also tend to become more seriously addicted to tobacco and more vulnerable to environmental factors such as having friends or parents who smoke, according to a study from Massachusetts General Hospital reseachers.
If your first cigarette gave you a buzz and you now smoke, a gene may be to blame
Anyone who has ever tried smoking probably remembers that first cigarette vividly. For some, it brought a wave of nausea or a nasty coughing fit. For others, those first puffs also came with a rush of pleasure or "buzz."
More Nicotine Dependence Current Events and Nicotine Dependence News Articles
 |
The Biology of Nicotine Dependence - Symposium No. 152 by CIBA Foundation Symposium (Author) The Biology of Nicotine Dependence Chairman: L. L. Iversen 1990 Nicotine is a potent centrally acting drug that has profound physiological and psychological effects. It is considered to be the main agent in the maintenance of the tobacco smoking habit and is largely responsible for the behavioural and physiological responses to the inhalation of tobacco smoke. This book reviews the progress in identifying nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain. The techniques of molecular biology have been used to characterize these receptors and to investigate the functional differences between receptors composed of different types of subunit. Nicotine interacts with the endocrine system, particularly the corticosteroids. This may be the basis for sex-specific differences in the response to... |
 |
Nicorette Nicotine Polacrilex Gum, 2 mg, Fruit Chill, 100-Count Box by Nicorette Nicorette Nicotine Gum is bursting with cool fruit flavor, and designed for people who smoke less than 25 cigarettes a day. Each piece contains 94 milligrams of calcium and 11 milligrams of sodium. |
 |
Medication Treatments for Nicotine Dependence by Tony P. George (Editor) Despite the prevalence of both pharmaceutical and behavioral approaches to encourage cessation, over a billion people still indulge in tobacco. Even in the U.S., where tobacco use is considered a clearly treatable and socially regrettable condition, a significant percentage of individuals remain resistant to treatment modalities. It is believed that the problem lies with the availability, the effectiveness, and the tolerance of the treatments. Thus, the development of new and more effective medications for treating nicotine dependence is an area of significant therapeutic importance, and one made increasingly more viable given our rapidly increasing knowledge about the actions of nicotine and tobacco components on the brain. “We are entering a Renaissance period … that promises to... |
 |
Nicotine Dependence: Understanding And Applying The Most Effective Treatment Intervention by Charles E. Dodgen (Author) Nicotine consumed via cigarettes is one of the more addictive, as well as destructive, substances of abuse. Most-if not all-smokers desire to stop at some point. This book presents an in-depth review and examination of the available techniques and methods that clinicians can use to effectively treat this condition. It presents the pharmacological treatment methods, specifically those that have demonstrated effectiveness. It includes a useful, detailed, step-by-step, 10-session treatment and assessment model that clinicians can use to develop an individual plan for their clients. |
![The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence-Smokeless Tobacco (FTND-ST) [An article from: Addictive Behaviors]](http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/41J08AVSFVL._SL160_.jpg) |
The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence-Smokeless Tobacco (FTND-ST) [An article from: Addictive Behaviors] by J.O. Ebbert (Author), C.A. Patten (Author), D.R. Schroeder (Author) This digital document is a journal article from Addictive Behaviors, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Description: Few nicotine dependence measures have been developed for smokeless tobacco (ST) users. Existing measures are limited by the requirement to rate the nicotine content of ST brands for which data is scarce or non-existent. We modified the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) for ST users, referred to this scale as the FTND-ST, and evaluated its characteristics in a population of 42 ST users. The correlation between the FTND-ST total score and the serum cotinine concentrations was 0.53... |
 |
Nicorette Nicotine Polacrilex Gum, 4 mg, Fruit Chill, 100-Count Box by Nicorette Nicorette Nicotine Gum is bursting with cool fruit flavor, and designed for people who smoke 25 or more cigarettes a day. Each piece contains 94 milligrams of calcium and 13 milligrams of sodium. |
|
|
Comparison of the Heavy Smoking Index and of the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence in a sample of 749 cigarette smokers [An article from: Addictive Behaviors] by H. Chabrol (Author), M. Niezborala (Author), E. Chastan (Author), J. de Leon (Author) This digital document is a journal article from Addictive Behaviors, published by Elsevier in . The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Description: Nicotine Dependence (FTND) was administered to a sample of 749 adult smokers. The Heavy Smoking Index (HSI) which combines two items of the FTND (the number of cigarettes per day and the time of the first cigarette of the day) was compared to the FTND. A cut-off score equal or greater than 4 on the HSI detected a similar rate of nicotine dependence as a cut-off score equal or greater than 6 on the FTND. HSI had good sensitivity (79.5%) and specificity (96.5%). The concordance between the two instruments was high... |
|
|
Major depression among adolescent smokers undergoing treatment for nicotine dependence [An article from: Addictive Behaviors] by J.D. Killen (Author), T.N. Robinson (Author), S. Ammerman (Author), Hayward (Author) This digital document is a journal article from Addictive Behaviors, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Description: This is the first study to examine the prevalence and effects of major depression (MDD) in a sample of adolescent smokers (N=211) undergoing treatment for nicotine dependence. We assessed MDD at baseline and end of treatment with the mood disorders portion of the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV). Eleven percent of participants reported a history of MDD (6% of males and 21% of females). Study variables did not distinguish those with... |
 |
Nicorette Gum Starter Kit, 2 mg, 110 pieces (Mint) by Nicorette For those who smoke less than 25 cigarettes a day. Each piece contains: calcium (94 mg), sodium (13 mg). |
![Exploring the association of John Henry active coping and education on smoking behavior and nicotine dependence among Blacks in the USA [An article from: Social Science & Medicine]](http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/519EPRSDSHL._SL160_.jpg) |
Exploring the association of John Henry active coping and education on smoking behavior and nicotine dependence among Blacks in the USA [An article from: Social Science & Medicine] by A.F. Fernander (Author), C.A. Patten (Author), D.R. Schroeder (Author), Steve (Author) This digital document is a journal article from Social Science & Medicine, published by Elsevier in 2005. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Description: Although smoking is used as a coping tool in response to stress and Blacks have been found to report smoking more in response to stress than Whites, little research exists that has examined ethno-culturally specific constructs of stress and coping as they relate to smoking behavior and nicotine dependence among Blacks in the USA. This study explored the association between the ethno-culturally interactively defined construct of John Henryism, as well as the individual contributions of John Henry active... |
| © 2009 BrightSurf.com |