 |
|
A new weapon in the fight against obesity and diabetes
November 05, 2008A study appearing November 5 in the journal Cell Metabolism demonstrates that a synthetic new chemical entity protects against diet-induced obesity, improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity and enhances exercise endurance by enhancing fat utilization in certain target tissues.
The new chemical entity was developed by Sirtris, a a GSK company, and the research study was led by EPFL professor Johan Auwerx, MD.
Reducing calorie consumption by about 20% has been shown to slow down the aging process, improve endurance and protect against diet-induced obesity and metabolic diseases such as diabetes. A year ago, researchers demonstrated that these metabolic benefits can also occur with large doses of resveratrol, a substance naturally occurring in red wine. Researchers hypothesized that these beneficial effects result from activation of SIRT1, an enzyme that is involved in regulating certain key cellular processes, notably the efficiency and number of mitochondria - the energy powerhouses of our cells.
Because dietary management and exercise rarely succeed by themselves in curbing obesity and associated metabolic disorders, interest has increased in using the SIRT1 pathway as a target for possible pharmacological intervention.
The new chemical entity announced today in Cell Metabolism was specifically designed to activate the SIRT1 pathway and assess its role in the beneficial metabolic effects found in calorie restriction and high doses of resveratrol. The new research verified the hypothesis, demonstrating that activating the SIRT1 pathway protects from diet-induced obesity and its negative metabolic consequences by primarily promoting fat consumption in skeletal muscle, liver, and brown adipose tissue.
"These results show that new synthetic SIRT1 activators can reproduce the positive metabolic effects that were previously demonstrated using resveratrol, a naturally occurring SIRT1 activator found in red wine," stated Auwerx, lead author of the paper. "But unlike resveratrol, these new chemical entities target only the SIRT1 pathway, making them more selective and potent for achieving these metabolic benefits."
To assess the new SIRT1 activator on metabolic function, mice were fed a high-fat diet over a period of 15 weeks, while receiving average drug exposures of 100 to 500 mg/kg/day. Mice on a high-fat diet treated with the higher drug dose did not become obese, and their triglyceride, cholesterol, fasting blood glucose and insulin levels were all reduced. Furthermore, they were able to run approximately twice the distance as control animals in an endurance exercise test.
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Because dietary management and exercise rarely succeed by themselves in curbing obesity and associated metabolic disorders, interest has increased in using the SIRT1 pathway as a target for possible pharmacological intervention.
The new chemical entity announced today in Cell Metabolism was specifically designed to activate the SIRT1 pathway and assess its role in the beneficial metabolic effects found in calorie restriction and high doses of resveratrol. The new research verified the hypothesis, demonstrating that activating the SIRT1 pathway protects from diet-induced obesity and its negative metabolic consequences by primarily promoting fat consumption in skeletal muscle, liver, and brown adipose tissue.
"These results show that new synthetic SIRT1 activators can reproduce the positive metabolic effects that were previously demonstrated using resveratrol, a naturally occurring SIRT1 activator found in red wine," stated Auwerx, lead author of the paper. "But unlike resveratrol, these new chemical entities target only the SIRT1 pathway, making them more selective and potent for achieving these metabolic benefits."
To assess the new SIRT1 activator on metabolic function, mice were fed a high-fat diet over a period of 15 weeks, while receiving average drug exposures of 100 to 500 mg/kg/day. Mice on a high-fat diet treated with the higher drug dose did not become obese, and their triglyceride, cholesterol, fasting blood glucose and insulin levels were all reduced. Furthermore, they were able to run approximately twice the distance as control animals in an endurance exercise test.
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Diet-induced Obesity Current Events and Diet-induced Obesity News RSSResearchers engineer metabolic pathway in mice to prevent diet-induced obesity
In recent years, obesity has taken on epidemic proportions in developed nations, contributing significantly to major medical problems, early death and rising health care costs.
Gladstone scientists reveal that fat synthesizing enzyme is key to healthy skin and hair
Scientists at the Gladstone Institutes of Cardiovascular Disease (GICD) have found that an enzyme associated with the synthesis of fat in the body is also an element in healthy skin and hair.
Making metabolism more inefficient can reduce obesity
In a discovery that counters prevailing thought, a study in mice has found that inactivating a pair of key genes involved in "fat-burning" can actually increase energy expenditure and help lower diet-induced obesity. These unusual findings, appearing this week in the JBC, might lead to some new roads in weight-loss therapy.
How does insulin influence resistin?
Obesity is a worldwide health problem directly linked to several diseases such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Resistin is a cysteine-rich hormone mainly secreted by adipose tissues and may form a biochemical link between obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Human hormone blocker found to help prevent obesity and diabetes: study
A new study finds that a chemical found in the body is capable of promoting weight loss, improving insulin resistance and reversing diabetes in an animal model. The hormone is gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) receptor blockade.
Possible safer target for anti-clotting drugs found
Researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine have identified a new molecular target in blood clot formation, which seems to reduce clotting without excessive bleeding, the common side-effect of anti-clotting agents.
Monell researchers find metabolic defect in liver that can lead to obesity
Researchers at the Monell Chemical Senses Center have identified a genetically-transmitted metabolic defect that can lead to obesity in some individuals.
Gene deficiency is a protective barrier to obesity
A search for the molecular clues of longevity has taken Mayo Clinic researchers down another path that could explain why some people who consume excessive calories don't gain weight.
Obese heart attack patients are more likely to survive after treatment than normal weight patients
Obese and very obese patients have a lower risk of dying after they have been treated for heart attacks than do normal weight patients, according to research published in the European Heart Journal.
Uncovering the molecular basis of obesity
Why does the same diet make some of us gain more weight than others?
More Diet-induced Obesity Current Events and Diet-induced Obesity News Articles
|
Saponins (ginsenosides) from stems and leaves of Panax quinquefolium prevented high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice.(SHORT COMMUNICATION)(Clinical report): ... Journal of Phytotherapy & Phytopharmacology by Wencong Liu (Author), Yinan Zheng (Author), Likun Han (Author), Haimin Wang (Author), Masato Saito (Author), Mingsong Ling (Author), Yoshiyuki Kimura (Author), Yixiong Feng (Author) This digital document is an article from Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy & Phytopharmacology, published by Urban & Fischer Verlag on December 1, 2008. The length of the article is 3500 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Citation Details Title: Saponins (ginsenosides) from stems and leaves of Panax quinquefolium prevented high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice.(SHORT COMMUNICATION)(Clinical report) Author: Wencong Liu Publication: Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy & Phytopharmacology (Magazine/Journal) Date: December 1, 2008 Publisher: Urban & Fischer Verlag Volume: 15 ... | |
|
No More Cravings by Douglas Hunt (Author) | |
 |
The Modern Nutritional Diseases: And How to Prevent Them : Heart Disease, Stroke, Type-2 Diabetes, Obesity, Cancer by Fred Ottoboni (Author), M. Alice Ottoboni (Author) Millions of people have been using the low-fat, low-cholesterol, high-carbohydrate diet that has been promoted for the last half-century in the mass media for prevention of heart disease and stroke. During this same period, the numbers of new cases of heart disease and stroke have not decreased as promised but increased, and type-2 diabetes and obesity, which were uncommon 50 years ago, have grown to become major epidemics. In this book, heart disease, stroke, type-2 diabetes, obesity, and cancer are termed the modern nutritional diseases because scientific studies and biochemical facts clearly point to the modern American heart-healty diet as a major underlying cause of these diseases. This book describes the changes that have taken place in the American diet over the last 100... |
| © 2009 BrightSurf.com |