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Understanding how oxidative stress impairs endothelial progenitor cell function
November 26, 2008INDIANAPOLIS - Although its been over a decade since endothelial progenitor cells or EPCs, cells that circulate in the blood repairing and replacing the cells that line blood vessels, were identified, the field is still evolving. EPCs are now being studied as biomarkers to assess the risk of future cardiovascular disease and as potential agents for vascular regeneration.
Researchers from the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research at the Indiana University School of Medicine and Riley Hospital for Children report in the November 2008 issue of the journal Antioxidants & Redox Signaling that a review of the scientific literature reveals that how EPCs respond to oxidantive stress appears to be a critical determinant in maintaining a healthy cardiovascular system.
A comprehensive understanding of how oxidantive stress, the biochemical modification of cells, impairs EPC function may lead to antioxidant therapy to prevent disease.
"The study of EPCs is exciting because as the work evolves it should enable us to develop clinical strategies to decrease the risk of heart attack or stroke by reversing oxidative stress at the cellular level," said study author Laura Haneline, M.D., associate professor of pediatrics at the IU School of Medicine. "These strategies will need to be applied early in the disease when preventing oxidative damage is a possibility because once the damage has occurred it may not be reversible."
High cholesterol causes increased oxidative stress, impairing the function of EPCs. In addition to being implicated in cardiovascular diseases, oxidative stress is also a factor in diabetes.
"Further studies of how oxidative stress impairs the function of EPCs are critical. Eventually you should be able to get a simple blood test measuring your EPCs to see if you are at risk for disease. With this knowledge, in the not too distant future, we should be able to apply antioxidant therapies to prevent that disease," said Dr. Haneline.
In the meantime studies that examine the impact of oxidative stress on specific functions of the EPCs are needed to fully understand the progression of vascular disease.
Indiana University
"The study of EPCs is exciting because as the work evolves it should enable us to develop clinical strategies to decrease the risk of heart attack or stroke by reversing oxidative stress at the cellular level," said study author Laura Haneline, M.D., associate professor of pediatrics at the IU School of Medicine. "These strategies will need to be applied early in the disease when preventing oxidative damage is a possibility because once the damage has occurred it may not be reversible."
High cholesterol causes increased oxidative stress, impairing the function of EPCs. In addition to being implicated in cardiovascular diseases, oxidative stress is also a factor in diabetes.
"Further studies of how oxidative stress impairs the function of EPCs are critical. Eventually you should be able to get a simple blood test measuring your EPCs to see if you are at risk for disease. With this knowledge, in the not too distant future, we should be able to apply antioxidant therapies to prevent that disease," said Dr. Haneline.
In the meantime studies that examine the impact of oxidative stress on specific functions of the EPCs are needed to fully understand the progression of vascular disease.
Indiana University
Oxidative Stress Current Events and Oxidative Stress News RSSScientists find molecular trigger that helps prevent aging and disease
Researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine set out to address a question that has been challenging scientists for years: How do dietary restriction-and the reverse, overconsumption-produce protective effects against aging and disease?
'Escaped' proteins add to hearing loss in elderly, UF researchers find
Age-related hearing loss is the most common sensory disorder among the elderly. But scientists are still trying to figure out what cellular processes govern or contribute to the loss.
Pathogen protection and virulence: Dark side of fungal membrane protein revealed
Researchers at the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute (VBI) at Virginia Tech and Montana State University have discovered a fungal protein that plays a key role in causing disease in plants and animals and which also shields the pathogen from oxidative stress.
Reduction in glycotoxins from heat-processing of foods reduces risk of chronic disease
Researchers from Mount Sinai School of Medicine report that cutting back on the consumption of processed and fried foods, which are high in toxins called Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs), can reduce inflammation and actually help restore the body's natural defenses regardless of age or health status.
Phytochemicals in plant-based foods could help battle obesity, disease
The cheeseburger and French fries might look tempting, but eating a serving of broccoli or leafy greens first could help people battle metabolic processes that lead to obesity and heart disease, a new University of Florida study shows.
Study: Added oxygen during stroke reduces brain tissue damage
Scientists have countered findings of previous clinical trials by showing that giving supplemental oxygen to animals during a stroke can reduce damage to brain tissue surrounding the clot.
APP -- Good, bad or both?
New data about amyloid precursor protein, or APP, a protein implicated in development of Alzheimer's disease, suggests it also may have a positive role -- directly affecting learning and memory during brain development.
Nanotech protection
Writing in a forthcoming issue of the International Journal of Nanotechnology, Canadian engineers suggest that research is needed into the risks associated with the growing field of nanotechnology manufacture so that appropriate protective equipment can be developed urgently.
Reactive oxygen in fruit flies acts as a cell signalling mechanism for immune response
For years, health conscious people have been taking antioxidants to reduce the levels of reactive oxygen in their blood and prevent the DNA damage done by free radicals, which are the result of oxidative stress. But could excessive use of antioxidants deplete our immune systems?
New method monitors early sign of oxidative stress in cancer
The growth of cancerous tumors is fueled, at least in part, by the buildup of free radicals-highly reactive oxygen-containing molecules.
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