 |
|
Tracking Poultry Litter Phosphorus: Threat of Accumulation?
January 29, 2009The Delmarva Peninsula, flanking the eastern shore of the Chesapeake Bay, is home to some 600 million chickens. The resulting poultry manure and some of the chicken house bedding material is usually composted and then spread onto croplands as a fertilizer.
Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (31P NMR) and other methods of soil analysis have previously shown that two forms of phosphorus - orthophosphate and phytate (aka myoinositol hexakis phosphate) - dominate composted poultry litter. Although much is known about the transport of orthophosphate in soils, very little is known about the fate of phytate, a compound that is indigestible by poultry and abundant in poultry litter. With six phosphate groups per molecule phytate has the potential to be a significant player in non-point phosphorus pollution.
As part of her doctoral dissertation research at Yale University, scientist Jane Hill worked with scientist Barbara Cade-Menun at Stanford University to investigate the fate of phytate in crop soils on the Delmarva Peninsula. Specifically, Hill and Cade-Menun measured changes in phosphorus forms along a spatial transect on two active poultry farms. Using 31P NMR and supporting analytical methods, they found that phytate concentration was high in manures (about 50% of total P) but was not retained in crop soils and ditch sediments, where concentrations dropped to 2 to 15% of the total P. A corresponding increase in soil and sediment orthophosphate was also measured.
The study concluded that phytate does not accumulate in soils, but rather, is most likely to be hydrolyzed in situ by microorganisms. Results of the study were published in the January-February issue of the Journal of Environmental Quality.
Research in the respective groups of Drs. Hill and Cade-Menun is ongoing. Dr. Hill is focused on assessing the timing and controls on phytate hydrolysis in soils. Dr. Cade-Menun is currently a nutrient cycling scientist with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada at the Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Station, focusing on the impacts of agricultural nutrients on the environment.
The American Society of Agronomy (ASA)
The study concluded that phytate does not accumulate in soils, but rather, is most likely to be hydrolyzed in situ by microorganisms. Results of the study were published in the January-February issue of the Journal of Environmental Quality.
Research in the respective groups of Drs. Hill and Cade-Menun is ongoing. Dr. Hill is focused on assessing the timing and controls on phytate hydrolysis in soils. Dr. Cade-Menun is currently a nutrient cycling scientist with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada at the Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Station, focusing on the impacts of agricultural nutrients on the environment.
The American Society of Agronomy (ASA)
Understanding Phosphorus in Soils Is Vital to Proper Management
Phosphorus is one of the key nutrients that can cause algal blooms and related water quality problems in lakes, rivers, and estuaries worldwide.
More Orthophosphate Current Events and Orthophosphate News Articles
 |
The Hydration Of Sodium Monometaphosphate To Orthophosphate In Varying Concentrations Of Hydrogen Ion At 45 Degrees Centigrade by Samuel J. Kiehl (Author) Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. We are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork. |
![Sequential injection spectrophotometric determination of orthophosphate in beverages, wastewaters and urine samples by electrogeneration of molybdenum ... [An article from: Analytica Chimica Acta]](http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/415FBN4EPVL._SL160_.jpg) |
Sequential injection spectrophotometric determination of orthophosphate in beverages, wastewaters and urine samples by electrogeneration of molybdenum ... [An article from: Analytica Chimica Acta] by F. Mas-Torres (Author), J.M. Estela (Author), M. Miro (Author), A. Cladera (Author), C (Author) This digital document is a journal article from Analytica Chimica Acta, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Description: A novel and automated sequential injection procedure is proposed for the spectrophotometric determination of orthophosphate without requiring unstable chemical reducing species used in the classical molybdenum blue method. The flowing methodology is based on the on-line generation of the detectable species by electrochemical reduction of the 12-molybdophosphoric acid complex using a stainless steel tubular flow-through working electrode. The established method is linear up to 20mg/l P, with coefficients of... |
 |
The Hydration of Normal Sodium Pyrophosphate to Orthophosphate in Varying Concentrations of Hydrogen Ion at Forty-Five Degrees Centigrade by W. C. Hansen (Author) This volume is produced from digital images created through the University of Michigan University Library's preservation reformatting program. The Library seeks to preserve the intellectual content of items in a manner that facilitates and promotes a variety of uses. The digital reformatting process results in an electronic version of the text that can both be accessed online and used to create new print copies. This book and thousands of others can be found in the digital collections of the University of Michigan Library. The University Library also understands and values the utility of print, and makes reprints available through its Scholarly Publishing Office. |
 |
ISO 10304-1:1992, Water quality - Determination of dissolved fluoride, chloride, nitrite, orthophosphate, bromide, nitrate and sulfate ions, using liquid ... 1: Method for water with low contamination by ISO TC 147/SC 2/WG 33 (Author) The method is based on liquid chromatographic separation of ions (low capacity anion exchanger as the stationary phase, and usually aqueous solutions of salts of weak monobasic and dibasic acids as mobile phases), detection by a conductivity detector, sometimes employed in combination with a suppressor device (e.g. a cation exchanger) which decreases the conductivity of the eluent and converts the separated anions into their corresponding acids. Admissible contamination is given for each anion. Water with low contamination means e.g. drinking water, rain water, ground water, and surface water. Interferences are also indicated. This title may contain less than 24 pages of technical content. |
 |
ISO 10304-2:1995, Water quality - Determination of dissolved anions by liquid chromatography of ions - Part 2: Determination of bromide, chloride, nitrate, ... orthophosphate and sulfate in waste water by ISO TC 147/SC 2/WG 33 (Author) Specifies a method for the determination of the dissolved anions bromide, chloride, nitrate, nitrite, orthophosphate and sulfate in waste waters. This title may contain less than 24 pages of technical content. |
|
|
Flow-through solid-phase based optical sensor for the multisyringe flow injection trace determination of orthophosphate in waters with chemiluminescence ... [An article from: Analytica Chimica Acta] by I.P. Morais (Author), M. Miro (Author), M. Manera (Author), J.M. Estela (Author), Cerd (Author) This digital document is a journal article from Analytica Chimica Acta, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Description: In this work, a novel flow-through solid-phase based chemiluminescence (CL) optical sensor is described for the trace determination of orthophosphate in waters exploiting the multisyringe flow injection analysis (MSFIA) concept with multicommutation. The proposed time-based injection flow system relies upon the in-line derivatisation of the analyte with ammonium molybdate in the presence of vanadate, and the transient immobilisation of the resulting heteropolyacid in a N-vinylpyrrolidone/divinylbenzene... |
|
|
Surfactant-sensitized malachite green method for trace determination of orthophosphate in aqueous solution [An article from: Analytica Chimica Acta] by X.L. Huang (Author), J.Z. Zhang (Author) This digital document is a journal article from Analytica Chimica Acta, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Description: A surfactant-sensitized spectrophotometric method for determination of trace orthophosphate has been developed using anion surfactant (Ultrawet 60L) with molybdate and malachite green in low acidic medium (pH"T 1.0). The method detection limit (3xstandard deviation of blank, n=10) was 8nM and the calibration curve was linear over a range of 10-400nM (r^2=0.997). The molar absorptivity was 1.26x10^5Lmol^-^1cm^-^1 at 600nm with the background correction at 530nm. The precision of method was 3.4% at 50nM and 2.4%... |
|
|
Flow injection analysis of ultratrace orthophosphate in seawater with [An article from: Analytica Chimica Acta] by Y. Liang (Author), D. Yuan (Author), Q. Li (Author), Q. Lin (Author) This digital document is a journal article from Analytica Chimica Acta, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Description: Solid-phase extraction technique had been applied to extract molybdophosphoric heteropoly acid (MoP) paired with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) from seawater matrix using C18 sorbent. Chemiluminescence emission could be generated via MoP reaction with alkaline luminol. Based on these, a novel on-line solid-phase extraction method coupled with flow injection (FI) analysis and luminol chemiluminescence detection had been established to determine ultratrace orthophosphate in seawater. The MoP-CTAB compound... |
 |
The Hydration of Normal Sodium Pyrophosphate to Orthophosphate in Varying Concentrations of Hydrogen by Waldemar Conrad Hansen (Author) |
 |
ISO 15681-1:2003, Water quality - Determination of orthophosphate and total phosphorus contents by flow analysis (FIA and CFA) - Part 1: Method by flow injection analysis (FIA) by ISO/TC 147/SC 2 (Author) ISO 15681-1:2003 specifies flow injection analysis (FIA) methods for the determination of orthophosphate in the mass concentration range from 0,01 mg/l to 1,0 mg/l (P), and total phosphorus by manual digestion in accordance with ISO 6878 for the mass concentration range from 0,1 mg/l to 10 mg/l (P). The range of application can be changed by varying the operating conditions.ISO 15681-1:2003 is applicable to various types of water (such as ground, drinking, surface, leachate and waste waters).This method is also applicable to the analysis of seawater, but with changes in sensitivity, by adaptation of the carrier and calibration solutions to the salinity of the samples. |
| © 2009 BrightSurf.com |