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Rhythmic genomics -- the yeast metronome and the walk of life
April 08, 2009New genome sequence information from the humble baker's yeast has revealed surprising variation in a set of genes that can be thought of as nature's oldest clock. In a paper published in Genome Research scientists show how ribosomal RNA genes that are essential to all Earth's organisms provide insight into how genomes maintain their integrity on their evolutionary journey.
Ribosomal RNA sequence changes have been ticking away like clockwork for over 3 billion years, maybe even pre-dating the origin of the DNA world itself. However, even the slightest changes in sequence of these genes can be fatal. It is vital to conserve the important genetic 'cogs' to make sure cells function correctly. However, significant changes do occur, contrary to expectation, and yet the yeast somehow still survives.
Furthermore, when two yeasts hybridise the clocks appear to re-set, apparently overwriting each others' rhythm and eliminating unwanted variations on the theme. This provides clues as to how key motifs are conserved and allows us to track the evolutionary history of hybrids.
Steve James, lead researcher at the Institute of Food Research (IFR), said "I have sequenced these genes to selectively identify yeast species for over 15 years and had no idea they would turn out to be so variable."
Rob Davey, computational biologist at the National Collection of Yeast Cultures (NCYC), said "we can use new computer techniques to model the changes mathematically and really get to grips with what orchestrates the variation in these important cell housekeepers."
Ian Roberts, Curator of NCYC, said "Yeasts are everywhere around us in nature and industry. This extra level of detail allows us to resolve important differences between yeasts and gain maximum benefits from their use in food, drink and healthcare."
Norwich BioScience Institutes
Steve James, lead researcher at the Institute of Food Research (IFR), said "I have sequenced these genes to selectively identify yeast species for over 15 years and had no idea they would turn out to be so variable."
Rob Davey, computational biologist at the National Collection of Yeast Cultures (NCYC), said "we can use new computer techniques to model the changes mathematically and really get to grips with what orchestrates the variation in these important cell housekeepers."
Ian Roberts, Curator of NCYC, said "Yeasts are everywhere around us in nature and industry. This extra level of detail allows us to resolve important differences between yeasts and gain maximum benefits from their use in food, drink and healthcare."
Norwich BioScience Institutes
Genome Sequence Current Events and Genome Sequence News RSSScientists at UA, collaborating institutions decode maize genome
Scientists from the University of Arizona led by Arizona Genomics Institute director Rod A. Wing and from collaborating institutions have deciphered the complete genetic code of the maize plant for the first time.
Maize cell wall genes identified, giving boost to biofuel research
Purdue University scientists have helped identify and group the genes thought to be responsible for cell wall development in maize, an effort that expands their ability to discover ways to produce the biomass best suited for biofuels production.
UCSD discovery allows scientists for the first time to experimentally annotate genomes
Over the last 20 years, the sequencing of the human genome, along with related organisms, has represented one of the largest scientific endeavors in the history of mankind.
First draft of the pig: Researchers sequence swine genome
A global collaborative has produced a first draft of the genome of a domesticated pig, an achievement that will lead to insights in agriculture, medicine, conservation and evolution.
Standards for a new genomic era
A team of geneticists at Los Alamos National Laboratory, together with a consortium of international researchers, has recently proposed a set of standards designed to elucidate the quality of publicly available genetic sequencing information.
Establishing standard definitions for genome sequences
In 1996, researchers from major genome sequencing centers around the world convened on the island of Bermuda and defined a finished genome as a gapless sequence with a nucleotide error rate of one or less in 10,000 bases.
Jumping genes, gene loss and genome dark matter
In research published today by Nature, an international team describes the finest map of changes to the structure of human genomes and a resource they have developed for researchers worldwide to look at the role of these changes in human disease.
Draft potato genome based on unique potato variety
The Potato Genome Sequencing Consortium (PGSC), an international team of scientists from industry and academia in 14 countries, has released a draft sequence of the potato genome with the help of a Virginia Tech researcher.
Scientists discover how to send insects off the scent of crops
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-funded research, published this week in Chemical Communication, describes how scientists have discovered molecules that could confuse insects' ability to detect plants by interfering with their sense of smell. This could reduce damage to crops by insect pests and contribute to food security.
New Sequencing Technique Could Boost Pine Beetle Fight, Improve Cancer Research
UBC researchers have helped developed a cheaper, faster way to compile draft genome sequences that could advance the fight against mountain pine beetle (MPB) infestation and improve cancer research.
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Bioinformatics: Sequence and Genome Analysis, Second Edition by David W. Mount (Author) As more speciesÂ’ genomes are sequenced, computational analysis of these data has become increasingly important. The second, entirely updated edition of this widely praised textbook provides a comprehensive and critical examination of the computational methods needed for analyzing DNA, RNA, and protein data, as well as genomes. The book has been rewritten to make it more accessible to a wider audience, including advanced undergraduate and graduate students. New features include chapter guides and explanatory information panels and glossary terms. New chapters in this second edition cover statistical analysis of sequence alignments, computer programming for bioinformatics, and data management and mining. Practically oriented problems at the ends of chapters enhance the value of the book... |
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Computational Genome Analysis: An Introduction (Statistics for Biology and Health) by Richard C. Deonier (Author), Simon Tavaré (Author), Michael S. Waterman (Author) Computational Genome Analysis: An Introduction presents the foundations of key problems in computational molecular biology and bioinformatics. It focuses on computational and statistical principles applied to genomes, and introduces the mathematics and statistics that are crucial for understanding these applications. The book is appropriate for a one-semester course for advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate students, and it can also introduce computational biology to computer scientists, mathematicians, or biologists who are extending their interests into this exciting field. This book features: Topics organized around biological problems, such as sequence alignment and assembly, DNA signals, analysis of gene expression, and human genetic variation ... |
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Introduction to Computational Biology: Maps, Sequences and Genomes (Interdisciplinary Statistics) by Michael S. Waterman (Author) Biology is in the midst of a era yielding many significant discoveries and promising many more. Unique to this era is the exponential growth in the size of information-packed databases. Inspired by a pressing need to analyze that data, Introduction to Computational Biology explores a new area of expertise that emerged from this fertile field- the combination of biological and information sciences. This introduction describes the mathematical structure of biological data, especially from sequences and chromosomes. After a brief survey of molecular biology, it studies restriction maps of DNA, rough landmark maps of the underlying sequences, and clones and clone maps. It examines problems associated with reading DNA sequences and comparing sequences to finding common patterns. The author... |
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Large-scale Genome Sequence Processing by Masahiro Kasahara (Author), Shinichi Morishita (Author) Efficient computer programs have made it possible to elucidate and analyze large-scale genomic sequences. Fundamental tasks, such as the assembly of numerous whole-genome shotgun fragments, the alignment of complementary DNA sequences with a long genome, and the design of gene-specific primers or oligomers, require efficient algorithms and state-of-the-art implementation techniques. This textbook emphasizes basic software implementation techniques for processing large-scale genome sequences and provides executable sample programs. |
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Private venture to sequence human genome launched.: An article from: Issues in Science and Technology by National Academy of Sciences (Publisher) This digital document is an article from Issues in Science and Technology, published by National Academy of Sciences on September 22, 1998. The length of the article is 497 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. From the supplier: The launch of a private venture to sequence the entire human genome has raised concerns in Congress and the scientific community. The Institute for Genomic Research's partnership with Perkin-Elmer promises to sequence the human genome at less cost and in less time than the federally funded Human Genome Project. Scientists, however, argue that the venture will have... | |
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Introduction to Computational Biology: Maps, Sequences and Genomes by Michael S. Waterman (Author) | |
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Perkin-Elmer to Sequence Genome: An article from: Instrument Business Outlook by Strategic Directions International Inc. (SDI) (Publisher) This digital document is an article from Instrument Business Outlook, published by Strategic Directions International Inc. (SDI) on May 15, 1998. The length of the article is 548 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Citation Details Title: Perkin-Elmer to Sequence Genome Publication: Instrument Business Outlook (Newsletter) Date: May 15, 1998 Publisher: Strategic Directions International Inc. (SDI) Volume: 7 Issue: 3 Page: N/A Article Type: Article Distributed by Thomson... | |
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Of dogs and men. (researchers at University of California at Berkeley working to sequence the genome of Canis familiaris; debate over sequencing the human ... An article from: The Hastings Center Report by Bette-Jane Crigger (Author) This digital document is an article from The Hastings Center Report, published by Hastings Center on May 1, 1991. The length of the article is 437 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Citation Details Title: Of dogs and men. (researchers at University of California at Berkeley working to sequence the genome of Canis familiaris; debate over sequencing the human genome using tissue and blood samples from prominent persons, living or deceased) Author: Bette-Jane Crigger Publication: The Hastings Center Report (Refereed) Date: May 1, 1991 Publisher: Hastings Center Volume: v21 ... | |
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Genome sequence analysis: a survey.: An article from: Journal of Computer Science by Hassan Mathkour (Author), Muneer Ahmad (Author) This digital document is an article from Journal of Computer Science, published by Science Publications on September 1, 2009. The length of the article is 6439 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. From the author: Key words: Genome, multi-lingual, approximate matching, nucleotide base pair, corpora, duplicate sequences Citation Details Title: Genome sequence analysis: a survey. Author: Hassan Mathkour Publication: Journal of Computer Science (Magazine/Journal) Date: September 1, 2009 Publisher: Science Publications Volume: 5 Issue: 9 Page: 651(10) Distributed by Gale, a part of Cengage... | |
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Advances in Statistical Methods for the Health Sciences: Applications to Cancer and AIDS Studies, Genome Sequence Analysis, and Survival Analysis (Statistics for Industry and Technology) by Jean-Louis Auget (Editor), N. Balakrishnan (Editor), Mounir Mesbah (Editor), Geert Molenberghs (Editor) Statistical methods have become increasingly important and now form integral part of research in the health sciences. Many sophisticated methodologies have been developed for specific applications and problems. This self-contained volume, an outgrowth of an "International Conference on Statistical Methods in Health Sciences," covers a wide range of topics pertaining to new statistical methods and novel applications in the health sciences. The chapters, written by leading experts in their respective fields, are thematically divided into the following areas: * Prognostic studies and general epidemiology * Pharmacovigilance * Quality of life * Survival analysis * Clustering * Safety and efficacy assessment * Clinical design * Models for the environment * Genomic analysis *... |
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