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Does new swine flu virus kill by causing a 'cytokine storm'?
May 06, 2009The swine flu outbreak that began in Mexico and continues to spread around the globe may be particularly dangerous for young, otherwise healthy adults because it contains genetic components of the H5N1 avian influenza virus, which can induce a "cytokine storm," in which a patient's hyper-activated immune system causes potentially fatal damage to the lungs. Research studies and review articles exploring the regulation of cytokine responses in the lung and how infection-related dysregulation can cause a cytokine storm have been published in Viral Immunology, a peer-reviewed journal published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. (www.liebertpub.com/vim).
A cytokine storm occurs when the body's immune system over-reacts to an intruder, such as a virus, by producing high levels of cytokines, which are signaling chemicals that help mobilize immune cells capable of removing infectious agents from the body. When too many cytokines are produced, they can stimulate an inflammatory response in which the accumulation of immune cells and fluid at the site of infection may prevent affected tissues and organs such as the lungs from functioning properly and may even cause death.
H5N1 avian influenza virus-parts of which are present in the Mexican H1N1 swine flu virus causing the current outbreak-tend to cause an unusually high proportion of deaths among healthy young adults with well-functioning immune systems who become infected, most likely due to this cytokine storm phenomenon. The Spanish influenza pandemic of 1918, for example, was particularly deadly for young healthy adults.
David L. Woodland, PhD, Editor-in Chief of Viral Immunology, and President and Director of the Trudeau Institute, Inc. (Saranac Lake, NY), emphasizes that much is still not known about the current influenza outbreak and the human/avian combination virus causing it. "We do not know how long ago this virus emerged, how deadly it is, whether it has pandemic potential, how the severity of infection relates to patient age, and why some infected patients die-whether a cytokine storm is responsible for these deaths," says Woodland.
What we do know, he adds, is that some H1N1 viruses have pandemic potential and that historical evidence supports the possibility that young healthy adults may be especially susceptible to more severe infection and poor outcomes due to the ability of a strong immune system to initiate a cytokine storm.
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News
David L. Woodland, PhD, Editor-in Chief of Viral Immunology, and President and Director of the Trudeau Institute, Inc. (Saranac Lake, NY), emphasizes that much is still not known about the current influenza outbreak and the human/avian combination virus causing it. "We do not know how long ago this virus emerged, how deadly it is, whether it has pandemic potential, how the severity of infection relates to patient age, and why some infected patients die-whether a cytokine storm is responsible for these deaths," says Woodland.
What we do know, he adds, is that some H1N1 viruses have pandemic potential and that historical evidence supports the possibility that young healthy adults may be especially susceptible to more severe infection and poor outcomes due to the ability of a strong immune system to initiate a cytokine storm.
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News
Swine Flu Current Events and Swine Flu News RSSPoll: Many parents, high-priority adults who tried to get H1N1 vaccine unable to get it
A new national poll from Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) researchers found that a majority of adults who tried to get the H1N1 vaccine for themselves or their children have been unable to do so.
Sneezing in times of a flu pandemic
The swine flu (H1N1) pandemic has received extensive media coverage this year. The World Health Organization, in addition to providing frequent updates about cases of infection and death tolls, recommends hyper vigilance in daily hygiene such as frequent hand washing or sneezing into the crook of our arms.
Pandemic flu vaccine campaigns may be undermined by coincidental medical events
The effectiveness of pandemic flu vaccination campaigns - like that now underway for H1N1 - could be undermined by the public incorrectly associating coincidental and unrelated health events with the vaccines.
TGen seeks emergency FDA approval of new swine flu test
The Phoenix-based non-profit Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen) announced today that, along with a business collaborator, it will submit a request to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for emergency use of a new test to diagnose the 2009 H1N1 swine flu virus.
Swine flu vaccine must be free and safe for high uptake
Almost half of adults surveyed in Summer 2009 in Hong Kong (45%) say they would take up free swine flu vaccination.
Triple-Combo Drug Shows Promise Against Antiviral-Resistant Swine Flu, UAB Researcher Says
An experimental drug cocktail that includes three prescriptions now widely available offers the best hope in developing a single agent to treat drug-resistant H1N1 swine flu, says a virology researcher in the University of Alabama Birmingham (UAB) Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases.
Will genomics help prevent the next pandemic?
This week, the Public Library of Science, an open-access publisher, presents the "Genomics of Emerging Infectious Disease," a collection of essays, perspectives, and reviews that explores how genomics-with all its associated tools and techniques-can provide insights into our understanding of emerging infectious disease.
Important new novel 2009 H1N1 flu advisory for cardiopulmonary transplantation
Each year 3-5 million people have severe cases and 250-500,000 die from complications of seasonal influenza world-wide. This year, the novel 2009 H1N1 (nH1N1) influenza, previously called swine flu, has reached pandemic status.
Major swine flu outbreak at US Air Force Academy, unique opportunity to study virus behavior
With the 2009 influenza season upon us, characterization of the epidemiology and duration of shedding for the nH1N1 virus is critical. Investigators from the U.S. Air Force Academy and the U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine Epidemiology Consult Service capitalized on a unique opportunity to gain valuable insights about the natural behavior of the nH1N1 virus, including shedding patterns, during a recent large-scale swine flu outbreak at the U.S. Air Force Academy (USAFA).
Earlier flu viruses provided some immunity to current H1N1 influenza, study shows
University of California, Davis, researchers studying the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus, formerly referred to as "swine flu," have identified a group of immunologically important sites on the virus that are also present in seasonal flu viruses that have been circulating for years.
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Surgical Molded Face Duramask 1890 - 50ct Box (White Mask) by DuraMask INDICATIONS:Molded Face Masks:Molded face masks are manufactured of soft, cool, comfortable materials.Fiberglass free .Fluid resistant.Flared soft edges to fit all facial contours .Adjustable aluminum nose piece .Dual head straps for tight facial seal .La |
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Swine Flu "Infected" T-Shirt (Mens Large, White) by Bewild Swine Flu "Infected" T-Shirt. This is the shirt that is GUARANTEED to keep people away from you! With all the media hype over Swine Flu millions of people are running scared in fear of an epidemic. Now you too can be a "carrier" with this awesome Swine Flu "Infected" T-Shirt. It has a mad little piggy on it and it assures you will be left alone in public, and if people have a sense of humor they are sure to crack a smile. This shirt is perfect to wear to school and work. You are sure to be as happy as a pig in shit in this awesome graphic tee! | |
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Kimberly-Clark- N95 Surgical Partical Filter Mask, 50ct (Swine Flu Prevention) by Kimberly Clark |
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