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Signal molecule holds possible key to tumour growth
September 06, 2004Immunity to a cancer in chickens could shed light on ways to control certain human cancers according to scientists from the Institute for Animal Health (IAH). Their work on Marek's disease (MD) in chickens has identified the first natural model for specific Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and is published this week in PNAS (06-10 September 2004).
Marek's disease virus (MDV) shares many biological properties with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) - a major cause of Hodgkin's disease. Infection with these herpesviruses can lead to lymphoma formation, which is closely linked with the over-production of a cell-surface molecule called CD30.
"For the first time we have detected the presence of specific antibodies against CD30 after MDV infection in MD-resistant chickens," says lead researcher Dr Shane Burgess, now at Mississippi State University, USA. "The presence of CD30-specific antibodies suggests anti-tumour immunity may exist in Marek's disease, and perhaps also in some Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients."
CD30 promotes the survival of normal lymphocytes - essential for immune responses - and can also influence cell death. However, over-expression of CD30 is associated with the survival of lymphoma cells.
"We have shown that the chicken CD30 gene resembles the ancestral form of the human CD30 gene structure, and we have developed a new understanding for how this model has evolved in mammals, including humans" says Dr Fred Davison, Head of Avian Immunology at IAH. "CD30 over-expression is evolutionarily conserved, and we think that this molecule is part of a critical cell signalling pathway that is disturbed during the formation of many different lymphomas."
Institute for Animal Health
CD30 promotes the survival of normal lymphocytes - essential for immune responses - and can also influence cell death. However, over-expression of CD30 is associated with the survival of lymphoma cells.
"We have shown that the chicken CD30 gene resembles the ancestral form of the human CD30 gene structure, and we have developed a new understanding for how this model has evolved in mammals, including humans" says Dr Fred Davison, Head of Avian Immunology at IAH. "CD30 over-expression is evolutionarily conserved, and we think that this molecule is part of a critical cell signalling pathway that is disturbed during the formation of many different lymphomas."
Institute for Animal Health
Lymphoma Current Events and Lymphoma News RSSNew cancer target for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Physician-scientists from Weill Cornell Medical College have discovered a molecular mechanism that may prove to be a powerful target for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, a type of cancer that affects lymphocytes, or white blood cells.
Drugs to treat anemia in cancer patients linked to thromboembolism
Medications frequently given to cancer patients to reduce their risk of anemia are associated with an increased risk of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, according to new research led by Dawn Hershman, M.D, M.S., co-director of the breast cancer program at the Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center.
Researchers find new way to attack inflammation in Graves' eye disease
A small group of patients with severe Graves' eye disease experienced rapid improvement of their symptoms - and improved vision - following treatment with the drug rituximab.
Approved lymphoma drug shows promise in early tests against bone cancer
A drug already approved for the treatment of lymphoma may also slow the growth of the most deadly bone cancer in children and teens, according to an early-stage study published online today in the International Journal of Cancer.
Immunotherapy demonstrates long-term success in treating lymphoma
Targeted immunotherapy has been an attractive new therapeutic area for a number of cancers because it has the potential to destroy tumor cells without damaging surrounding normal tissue. New study results demonstrate high success rates using specialized white blood cells to prevent or treat lymphoma associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV-lymphoma) in patients who have received a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT).
Exercise is good medicine for lymphoma patients
A healthy dose of exercise is good medicine, even for lymphoma patients receiving chemotherapy, University of Alberta researchers have found.
Childhood cancer survivors experience suicidal thoughts decades after diagnosis
Adult survivors of childhood cancer have an increased risk for suicidal thoughts, even decades after their cancer treatments ended, according to a study led by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute scientists.
New therapy for vasculitis will help patients avoid infertility and cancer
Researchers have identified that Rituxan, a drug previously approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's B cell lymphoma and rheumatoid arthritis, can treat severe ANCA-associated vasculitis as effectively as cyclophosphamide, the current standard therapy.
Studying cancer in pet dogs to find new treatments for human patients
A team of scientists at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in Bethesda, USA, says that studying pet dogs with cancer could yield valuable information on how to diagnose and treat human cancers.
Scientists identify genetic cause of previously undefined primary immune deficiency disease
Researchers at the National Institutes of Health have identified a genetic mutation that accounts for a perplexing condition found in people with an inherited immunodeficiency.
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