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Signal molecule holds possible key to tumour growth
September 06, 2004Immunity to a cancer in chickens could shed light on ways to control certain human cancers according to scientists from the Institute for Animal Health (IAH). Their work on Marek's disease (MD) in chickens has identified the first natural model for specific Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and is published this week in PNAS (06-10 September 2004).
Marek's disease virus (MDV) shares many biological properties with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) - a major cause of Hodgkin's disease. Infection with these herpesviruses can lead to lymphoma formation, which is closely linked with the over-production of a cell-surface molecule called CD30.
"For the first time we have detected the presence of specific antibodies against CD30 after MDV infection in MD-resistant chickens," says lead researcher Dr Shane Burgess, now at Mississippi State University, USA. "The presence of CD30-specific antibodies suggests anti-tumour immunity may exist in Marek's disease, and perhaps also in some Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients."
CD30 promotes the survival of normal lymphocytes - essential for immune responses - and can also influence cell death. However, over-expression of CD30 is associated with the survival of lymphoma cells.
"We have shown that the chicken CD30 gene resembles the ancestral form of the human CD30 gene structure, and we have developed a new understanding for how this model has evolved in mammals, including humans" says Dr Fred Davison, Head of Avian Immunology at IAH. "CD30 over-expression is evolutionarily conserved, and we think that this molecule is part of a critical cell signalling pathway that is disturbed during the formation of many different lymphomas."
Institute for Animal Health
CD30 promotes the survival of normal lymphocytes - essential for immune responses - and can also influence cell death. However, over-expression of CD30 is associated with the survival of lymphoma cells.
"We have shown that the chicken CD30 gene resembles the ancestral form of the human CD30 gene structure, and we have developed a new understanding for how this model has evolved in mammals, including humans" says Dr Fred Davison, Head of Avian Immunology at IAH. "CD30 over-expression is evolutionarily conserved, and we think that this molecule is part of a critical cell signalling pathway that is disturbed during the formation of many different lymphomas."
Institute for Animal Health
Lymphoma Current Events and Lymphoma News RSSGrape-seed extract kills laboratory leukemia cells, proving value of natural compounds
An extract from grape seeds forces laboratory leukemia cells to commit cell suicide, according to researchers from the University of Kentucky. They found that within 24 hours, 76 percent of leukemia cells had died after being exposed to the extract.
USC researchers identify key mechanism that occurs at the inception point of many human lymphomas
Researchers at the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California (USC) have explained how certain key mutations occur in human lymphomas-a process that has, until now, remained a mystery.
Intense chemotherapy wards off recurrence in half of mantle cell lymphoma patients after seven years
More than half of younger mantle cell lymphoma patients who received an intensive regimen of chemotherapy as frontline treatment remain in remission seven years later, researchers at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center report today at the 50th annual meeting of the American Society of Hematology.
New therapy prevents dangerous side effect for lymphoma patients
Patients respond well to a new three-drug combination for indolent B cell lymphoma that also spares them prolonged, potentially lethal, suppression of blood production in the bone marrow, researchers at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center report today at the 50th annual meeting of the American Society of Hematology.
Potential breakthrough for T-Cell lymphoma patients with drug that mimics folic acid
Preliminary results of a pivotal Phase 2 clinical trial of pralatrexate (PDX), a drug that partially works by mimicking folic acid, showed a complete or partial response in 27 percent of patients with recurrent or resistant peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL).
Clinical trial demonstrates safety of pre-transplant expansion of umbilical cord blood stem cells
Taking blood stem cells collected from an umbilical cord into the lab and expanding their number before transplanting them to replace a patient's blood supply is as safe as a standard cord blood transplant, researchers reported today at the 50th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology.
From mother to daughters: A central mystery in cell division solved
Researchers from the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have identified a key step required for cell division in a study that could help improve therapies to treat cancer.
M. D. Anderson to hold first international conference on inflammatory breast cancer
The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center will hold the first international inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) conference on December 6-7, to bring together internationally recognized breast cancer clinicians and scientists.
Novel treatments show improvements in survival and response rates for leukemia and lymphoma
The use of dexamethasone early in the treatment of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the most common type of childhood cancer, may help reduce the risk of relapse.
Novel therapeutic approaches may improve patient outcomes in several platelet disorders
Four studies that highlight significant advances in treatment and survival outcomes for patients with various forms of thrombocytopenia, a group of bleeding disorders characterized by a low number of platelets in the blood.
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