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UK cervical screening programme saves 5,000 lives a year (p 224, 249)
July 14, 2004An epidemiological study in this week's issue of THE LANCET highlights the success of the UK's national screening programme for cervical cancer introduced in 1988. Authors of the study outline how the programme has prevented an epidemic of cervical cancer-around 5000 deaths are prevented every year and 100 000 (one in 80) of the 8 million British women born between 1951 and 1970 will be saved from premature death by the cervical screening programme.
Recent reports have suggested that the reduction in deaths achieved by the UK national cervical screening programme is too small to justify its costs, except perhaps in a few high-risk women. Julian Peto (Cancer Research UK) and colleagues analysed trends in deaths from cervical cancer before 1988 (when the British national screening programme was launched) to estimate what future trends in cervical cancer deaths would have been if national screening had not been introduced.
The investigators report how Cervical cancer deaths in England and Wales among women younger than 35 years rose three-fold from 1967 to 1987-largely due to increases in the transmission of human papilloma virus associated with the acquisition of sexually transmitted diseases. By 1988, incidence in this age-range was among the highest in the world. Since national screening was started, this rising trend has been reversed.
Professor Peto comments: "Cervical screening has prevented an epidemic that would have killed about one in 65 of all British women born since 1950 and culminated in about 6000 deaths per year in this country. The cervical screening programme will prevent about 5,000 future deaths each year in Britain at a cost per life saved of less than £40,000, or about £2,000 per year of extra life. Despite occasional but widely publicised failures the British cervical screening programme is already remarkably successful and is still improving."
In an accompanying commentary (p 224), David B Thomas (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA) states: "Funds for disease-control programmes are often reduced or withdrawn in response to success. However, just because a disease becomes rare does not mean that control of it should stop. It might be rare because of the success of the programme being assessed. Modelling allows us to not only project the effect of an ongoing programme, but also to project what would happen to disease rates if that programme were terminated. If, as Peto and colleagues conclude, the population effect of the national screening programme is indeed great, then screening for cervical cancer should continue-even though it is no longer a major public-health issue in the UK-until a vaccine against HPV, or some other means of primary prevention becomes available. However, if the screening programme is less successful, or the costs outweigh the benefits, funds for control of the disease might be more usefully directed elsewhere."
Lancet
Cervical Cancer Current Events and Cervical Cancer News RSSMale Circumcision May Decrease Risk of HPV Infection and Cervical Cancer
Two new studies suggest that male circumcision may assist in the prevention of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, particularly infection with the high-risk subtypes associated with cervical, penile, and other cancers.
Modified gene targets cancer cells a thousand times more often than healthy cells
Researchers at the University of Rochester have designed a gene that produces a thousand times more protein in cancer cells than in healthy cells.
Fears of promiscuity pose barrier to cervical cancer vaccinations
The public's concerns about costs and increased promiscuity among teenagers appear to be hindering use of a vaccine against the human papilloma virus (HPV) to prevent life-threatening diseases, according to a study by researchers at Yale School of Public Health.
LSUHSC public health contributes to estimate of HPV-related cancers
Professor Vivien Chen, PhD,. Associate Professor Xiao Cheng Wu, MD, PhD and Assistant Professor Edward Peters, DMD, SM, ScD, at LSU Health Sciences Center New Orleans School of Public Health contributed five papers to the largest most comprehensive assessment of the burden of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers in the United States to date.
The health burden of raising a grandchild
Precautionary health measures such as mammograms and cholesterol tests that identify the risk of heart disease are critical for the well-being of women over 50. Add the responsibility of providing sustained care for a grandchild, and these preventive examinations become even more important.
Healthy bones program reduces hip fractures by 37 percent
Proactive measures can reduce hip fracture rates by an average of 37.2 percent -- and as much as 50 percent -- among those at risk, according to a study conducted by Kaiser Permanente Southern California. The study was published online on November 3 by The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, a peer-reviewed journal.
New MRI technique may identify cervical cancer early
Using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a special vaginal coil, a technique to measure the movement of water within tissue, researchers may be able to identify cervical cancer in its early stages, according to a new study being published in the November issue of Radiology.
Cancer screening rates among older Medicaid patients fall short of national objectives
Only about half of Medicaid recipients age 50 and older appear to receive recommended screening tests for colorectal, breast and cervical cancer, according to a report in the October 13 issue of Archives of Internal Medicine, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
Social class dictates cancer risk
Cervical and lung cancer are more common in poor people while rates of breast cancer and melanoma are higher in the wealthy.
Model highlights benefits and risks of cervical cancer screening methods
In an analysis based on a computer model, it appears that comparing the benefits and risks of different cervical cancer prevention approaches may help women and their physicians choose appropriate screening strategies.
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