Science Current Events | Science News | Brightsurf.com
 

BrightSurf.com Science News Headlines December 2005


December 30, 2005

'Coaching' in labor makes little difference, UT Southwestern researchers say

Unified physics theory explains animals' running, flying and swimming

New method for examining cost-effectiveness of new drugs for chronic illnesses



Jefferson Scientists Discover Mechanism Tying Obesity to Alzheimer's Disease

Study finds genes that 'fine-tune' muscle development process

Bullying in middle school may lead to increased substance abuse in high school

MDCT angiography for cardiac imaging: Reliable tool, less invasive, fewer complications

New technique points to safer, more efficient vaccination

Vertebroplasty improves back pain, activity level, Mayo Clinic study reports

Ambivalence about migration may contribute to poor mental health in Latino men

Stroke risk returns when children with sickle cell disease stop transfusions

Chandra looks back at the Earth

Positive outcome of Medicare drug benefit

Medicare drug benefit could do harm to poor, elderly, and disabled


December 29, 2005

Tiny pikas seem to be on march toward extinction in Great Basin

Penn study finds hyperbaric oxygen treatments mobilize stem cells

Study suggests way to re-energize immune response to chronic viral infection

Pediatric oncologists should help with difficult decisions

First analysis of FDA's mifepristone adverse event reports

University of Colorado student-built instrument set to launch on Pluto mission

Scientists lift malaria's cloak of invisibility

Bipolar disorder more common than expected in hospitalized adolescents

Researchers discover how a high-fat diet causes type 2 diabetes

Natural compound from 'pond scum' shows potential activity against Alzheimer's

Smithsonian guide to the biodiverse marine environment of Panama's Bocas del Toro

UCSD researchers state vitamin D needed to cut cancer risk

Having sibling with cardiovascular disease associated with higher CVD risk

Dietary intake of antioxidants associated with reduced risk of age-related macular degeneration

Medication reduces risk of heart irregularities after cardiac surgery

Misdosing common for powerful anti-clotting drugs

Sickle cell disease corrected in human models using stem cell-based gene therapy


December 27, 2005

Childhood infections stunt growth, shorten life

NIAID researchers show how promising tuberculosis (TB) drug works

Gene therapy for muscular dystrophy fixes frail muscle cells in animal model, Stanford study finds

Getting an evolutionary handle on life after reproduction

MIT researcher finds neuron growth in adult brain

Fish evolve a longer lifespan by evolving a longer reproductive period, researchers find

After gastric bypass surgery, important to check vitamin B1 deficiency

Stick to wild salmon unless heart disease is a risk factor, risk/benefit analysis of farmed and wild fish shows

Elvis the mystery bird has searchers scouring Arkansas habitats for signs of roosts, nests or stripped bark

Not always having enough to eat can impair reading and math development in children

Treated wood poses long-term threat

New study expands understanding of the role of RNA editing in gene control

Studying the fate of drugs in wastewater

Mechanism for Epstein-Barr virus protein's role in blood cancers discovered

A year on from the Asian tsunami, satellites are aiding regional rebuilding

Rerouting of Major Rivers in Asia Provides Clues to Mountains of the Past

SMART-1 uses new imaging technique in lunar orbit

Evaluation metrics proposed for firefighter thermal imagers


December 23, 2005

Potential pharmaceutical drugs in the field of cancer

DNA self-assembly used to mass-produce patterned nanostructures

Asthma inhalers adopted more slowly for minority patients and children

Effective government/industry collaboration bolsters flu vaccine supply

Researchers develop new method for studying 'mental time travel'

Role of microRNA Identified in Thyroid Cancer

Scientists solve mystery of the 'unicorn' whale

New research in Chesapeake Bay, Pamlico Sound shows hurricanes, runoff tax water quality management efforts

A little telomerase isn't enough

Birth defect gene identified

Bigger brain size matters for intellectual ability

Study finds implantable defibrillators as effective in women as in men

Air pollution, high-fat diet cause atherosclerosis in laboratory mice

Woolly mammoth genome comes to life

Scientists discover 'light echoes' of ancient supernovae

Cluster helps to protect astronauts and satellites against 'killer electrons'

Study Demonstrates Safety of Oral Contraceptives in Women with Lupus

Nervous system's role in fatal heart rhythm studied

MPI researchers have for the first been able to map the activity of the brain by means of electrical microstimulation

Bacterial protein mimics host to cripple defenses

Blocking previously unrecognized links between inflammatory systems could make COX-2 inhibitors safe

Didgeridoo playing improves your sleep

Shape of glass influences how much alcohol is poured - and how much you will drink

Stanford evolution research cited by Science as a 2005 breakthrough

One third of patients who stop treatment for schizophrenia early do so due to poor response

MicroRNA gene that regulates lifespan found by Yale scientists

Ultracold test produces long-sought quantum mix

Storing carbon to combat global warming may cause other environmental problems, study suggests

Researchers know what you were about to say; fMRI used to detect memory storage and retrieval


December 22, 2005

Polymorphism and antibodies associated with highly increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis

Genome discovery will help combat disease and lead to new drugs

Light-sensing cells in retina develop before vision

Chromosome regions containing genes related to alcohol addiction affect drinking behavior in smokers

Astronomers detect echoes from ancient supernovae

SLU Researchers Uncover Direct Evidence on How HIV Invades Healthy Cells

ASU geologists suggest Mars features are result of meteorite strikes, not of evaporated lakes

Research clarifies how brain replenishes memory-making molecules

Rapid emotional recovery of breast-cancer survivors surprises researchers

New study examines how sense of smell affects mating and aggression in mice

Mayo Clinic finds kidney cancer patients are unlikely to respond to potential treatment drug

Illuminating Alzheimer's: Research sheds light on creatine's presence in brain

Rutgers researchers scientifically link dancing ability to mate quality

Feeling the holiday blues? Then you must have children

Study finds significant independent association between air pollution and cardiovascular risk

New Study Says Two Million Americans Harbor Drug-Resistant Superbug

New view of cancer: 'Epigenetic' changes come before mutations

Possible evidence found for Beagle 2 location

Successful first test for Vega's Zefiro 9 engine

Humans do not understand mirror reflections, say researchers


December 21, 2005

Ancient trans-Atlantic swarm brought locusts to the new world

Membrane research opens window to benefits for plants, humans

Mission to Mars via Antarctica

Antibody therapy promising for pediatric neuroblastoma

Scientists Unlock the Mystery of Liquid Crystal Alignment

New synthetic compounds appear to prevent brain cell death

Aquaporin and obesity

Astronomers use laser to take clearest images of the center of the Milky Way

Benefits of flu vaccine substantially overestimated says study

Researchers demonstrate single molecule absorption spectroscopy

Adults with lazy eye can improve

New NASA satellites shipped to launch site

Blocking the nerve receptor EP1 in mouse models reduces brain damage caused by stroke

Researchers provide study of early heart development and underlying cause of congenital heart defects

Successful treatment for acute heart failure remains elusive

Clinical trial to test stem cell approach for children with brain injury

DMSO raises a stink at sewage treatment plants

Adults also suffer from cyclical vomiting syndrome

MSG-2 will advance long-term monitoring of Earth's energy balance

Researchers show how air pollution can cause heart disease

New approach for genetic screening for syndrome linked to cardiac irregularities and sudden death

Men with erectile dysfunction have increased risk for cardiovascular events

Poor fitness common in teens and adults, with associated rise in cardiovascular disease risk factors

Melanoma risk only partially associated vith exposure to UVB from sunlight

File compression can expand mammography's power

Ultraviolet B light exposure associated with increased risk of skin cancer

Screening chest x-ray detects early-stage lung cancers at high rates, study results show

Patient outcomes linked to biomarker levels by quantitative technology

Tooth Loss and Heart Disease Linked, Even Among Nonsmokers

Novel enzyme offers new look at gene regulation

Brandeis researchers propose model of neural circuit underlying working memory


December 20, 2005

Depression is not good for your heart

Genetic Analysis of Asian Elephants in India Reveals Some Surprises

Genetic analysis of cavefish reveals more about evolution

Ancient Chinese remedy shows potential in preventing breast cancer

Pular antidepressants boost brain growth, Hopkins scientists report

Polio Vaccination Strategies Assessed as Eradication Nears

UCF, NIH study: Effective, safe anthrax vaccine can be grown in tobacco plants

Most of Arctic's Near-Surface Permafrost May Thaw by 2100

New UNC experiments show very weak chlorine solutions can kill noroviruses

Artificial light at night stimulates breast cancer growth in laboratory mice

Drug-eluting stents may cause allergic reactions

Study shows complex link between abuse and eating disorders

Euclid returns to maths lessons

Motorcycles emit 'disproportionately high' amounts of air pollutants

Scientists close in on genes responsible for Parkinson's disease

Two New UCLA Studies Show Benefits of Newborn Screening for 'Bubble Boy Disease'

Overfishing may drive endangered seabird to rely upon lower quality food

Scientists sequence DNA of woolly mammoth

Ninety-six percent of minimally invasive knee replacement patients leave same day, no complication

Scientists narrow the time limits for the human and chimpanzee split

A few squares of dark chocolate a day may stave off artery hardening in smokers

Passive smoking almost doubles risk of degenerative eye disease

Smoking associated with severity of psoriasis

Dramatic increase in annual rate of laparoscopic bariatric surgeries

Adherence to pneumonia treatment guidelines results in better outcomes

Bare metal stents deliver gene therapy to heart vessels with less inflammation in animal studies


December 19, 2005

Whooping cough persistence traced to key toxin

Carbon monoxide soothes inflammatory bowel disease

Software might revolutionize glucose monitoring in critically ill patients

Penicillin, amoxicillin: Step aside for strep throat treatment

Cancer support cells may evolve, fuel tumor growth, study shows

Japan reports first coring operations of CHIKYU

WWF peeks into mysterious life of Borneo's pygmy elephants

Toward the future of cancer prevention

Conditions for slavery: New study sheds light on the development of early social hierarchies

Sea slug mixes chemical defense before firing at predators

An obstacle to cancer cells

Switching to new anti-bacterial targets: Riboswitches

Some good news for the world's poor

Gene variation affects tamoxifen's benefit for breast cancer

Rules to Target RNA Are Focus of Research

Boys more likely when pregnancy takes longer


December 16, 2005

Gladstone researchers hone in on differentiation of heart stem cells

Traditional risk-factor scoring misses one-third of women vulnerable to coronary heart disease

Earliest evidence for large scale organized warfare in the Mesopotamian world

Stretchable silicon could be next wave in electronics

Bats Use Touch Receptors on Wings to Fly, Catch Prey, Study Finds

New methods offer insight into regulatory DNA

Prepregnancy Weight Increasing, Bringing More Risk

DOE Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program mobile facility moves to Niger

New small RNAs found

Columbia University Medical Center researchers discover potential mechanism for tumor growth

Why Nanolayers Buckle when Microbeams Bend

Fishing for the Origins of Genome Complexity

Household cleaners effectively remove lead-laden dust

Nearly a quarter of children are especially susceptible to respiratory illness if they are exposed to second-hand smoke

Fish oil prevents potentially deadly decline in heart rate variability

New microchip technology for medical imaging biomarkers of disease

Unexpected finding: Some dinosaurs grew slower in hard times

Surprising Killer of Southeastern Salt Marshes: Common Sea Snails

A Theoretical Breakthrough Inspired by Experiment-Calculating Electron Correlations in the Hydrogen Molecule

Food additive inhibits longevity enzyme in yeast, increases cell toxicity, new study finds

Standing up to paraplegia with gene therapy


December 15, 2005

Bio-archaeologists pinpoint oldest Northern European human activity

Ability to capture large prey may be origin of army ants' cooperative behavior

New Study Identifies Louse-Borne Diseases That Ravaged Napoleon's Army

Second-hand smoke hits genetically susceptible kids harder

Breast cancer drugs may slow growth of lung cancer

Engineered stem cells show promise for sneaking drugs into the brain

Cancer scientists call for a large-scale human epigenome project

Gladstone study links Alzheimer's with toxic protein fragments

Key brain antioxidant linked to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's

Another world-record achievement for National High Magnetic Field Laboratory

Microbes under Greenland Ice may be preview of what scientists find under Mars' surface

Blood test can accurately diagnose heart failure in patients with kidney dysfunction

One small step means giant leap for spinal cord research

New discovery may improve treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and type 2 diabetes

OHSU discovery sheds light into how stem cells become brain cells

'Armored' bubbles can exist in stable non-spherical shapes

USC researchers track down the stem cells that create feathers

Ancient glaciers still affect the shape of North America, say scientists

New technique helps researchers determine amino-acid charge

Researchers identify key protein involved in neuropathic pain

Genetic clues to Sodalis deepens knowledge of bacterial diseases

Astronomers link old stars and mysterious cosmic explosions


December 14, 2005

Physicists find evidence for highest energy photons ever detected from Milky Way's equator

National study improves outcome for pediatric AML

New antidepressant drug increases 'brain's own cannabis'

Growth factor protects brain against damage from stroke

Bacteria that cause tooth decay able to survive without important biochemical pathway

Flatworm genes may provide insights into human diseases, researchers say

Mayo clinic reports some chronic leukemia patients may improve by taking an extract of green tea

Researchers discover trees in Amazon much older than assumed, raising questions on global climate impact of region

New study finds common herbal supplement helps to reduce cocaine cravings

New study identifies key gene in development of connections between brain and spinal cord

New study finds anabolic steroids may be addictive

Ancient humans brought bottle gourds to the Americas from Asia

Marine Biology Mystery Solved: Function of "Unicorn" Whale's 8-foot Tooth Discovered

Enhancement in the precision of high-speed milling of complex parts

200 proteins which detect diseases of the liver

South African Geraniums Effective in Treatment of Adults with Acute Bronchitis

Univ. of Chicago scientists find potential cause of breathing problems in Rett Syndrome children

UC Santa Barbara researcher tapped by Europeans for design of instrument to test soil on Mars

Parents of children with cancer suffer post-traumatic stress symptoms, both immediate and lingering

A crucial role for TGFbeta signaling in congenital eye disorders

Insulin levels and resistance linked to risk of pancreatic cancer

Progress slow in improving hospitals' patient safety systems

High intake of dietary fiber not associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer

Zeroing in on progeria: How mutant lamins cause premature aging


December 13, 2005

ESA accelerates towards a new space thruster

Silicon-germanium microchips may herald new applications from radar to space exploration

Evidence links cocaine abuse and Parkinson's disease

Astronomers use Hubble to 'weigh' Dog Star's companion

Scythe balances life and death during development

Tiny self-assembling cubes could carry medicine, cell therapy

Hundreds of auroras detected on Mars

Magnetic transistor could 'dial in' quantum effects

Good for the heart - and the wallet: African-American heart failure drug is cost-effective

New study pinpoints epicenters of Earth's imminent extinctions

UNICEF report shows disabled children at serious risk

Chronic disability in older Americans greatly overestimated

Relationship between incarceration and race disparities in US HIV rates explored

New evidence supports century-old theory of cancer spread

Hopkins study describes potentially fatal heart condition among young athletes

Key brain regulatory gene shows evolution in humans

Consumers need carrots, not sticks, to make 'green' choices

Pretreating rogue cancer cells with aspirin cripples their resistance to targeted therapy

New research examines genetics of successful aging

New study finds that older Americans may improve memory by exercising their brains and bodies

Depression and anxiety improve after epilepsy surgery

New study shows successful aging a question of 'mind over matter'

REVLIMID improves overall survival and delays disease progression in multiple myeloma patients

Infections are a major cause of childhood cancer, study suggests

New UW study offers strategy for treatment of fatal nervous system disorder

Rein for pain lays mainly in the brain, Stanford researchers find

Testosterone therapy may help elderly men with mild Alzheimer's disease

Drinking tea associated with lower risk of ovarian cancer


December 12, 2005

New studies identify advances in treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia

Hearing loss from chemotherapy underestimated

New study shows palliative care programs surging trend in US hospitals

Gene increases risk of tuberculosis

Mental distress due to abortion lasts for years

AMN107 has potent activity in leukemia resistant to Gleevec

Study shows combination of immune substances to be safe

Southern Research Station-USDA Forest Service

How the Neuron Sprouts Its Branches

Glacial pace of erosion was not so slow, new technique shows

Eisai announces Phase II data on E7389, a potential new therapy for the treatment of breast cancer

Mayo Clinic Cancer Center reports advancements and solutions for quality of life assessments

JHU-STScI team maps dark matter in startling detail

Magnet lab researcher exploring science behind commercial applications of liquid helium

Pramipexole delivered sustained efficacy in clinical trial of patients with Restless Legs Syndrome

Cell phones, driving don't mix

New Models of Weather Pattern

Movement of Earth's North Magnetic Pole Accelerating Rapidly

Mayo Clinic researchers find hole in heart does not make stroke inevitable

Prelude to an Earthquake?


December 09, 2005

'Computer-chemistry' yields new insight into a puzzle of cell division

Moderate exercise may delay congestive heart failure, CU-Boulder study suggests

Mouse study: New muscle-building agent beats all previous ones

New technique puts brain-imaging research on its head

GROWing the next generation of water recycling plants

Data in New England Journal of Medicine show benefits of REMICADE in ulcerative colitis patients

Facial transplants are justified, say experts

Breakthrough in unravelling the causes of sudden cardiac death in young people

Bayer launches Phase III clinical study of Trasylol in elective spinal fusion surgery

Low-dose chemotherapy plus antiangiogenesis drug has activity in advanced breast cancer

NASA satellite eyes atmosphere to improve pollution and climate forecasting

ASU researchers 'wire' DNA to identify mutations

Vitamin supplement could help treatment-resistant asthma

Changes to land cover may enhance global warming in Amazon, reduce it in midlatitudes

Alzheimer's disease prevention may be easier than cure

Trust-building hormone short-circuits fear in humans

Understanding the oceans microbes is key to the Earth's future


December 08, 2005

Performing monkeys in Asia carry viruses that could jump species to humans

Advance in cholera bacteria points to new treatment and vaccine

Breakthrough Chip Delivers Better Digital Pictures For Less Power

Ulcerative colitis survey unmasks challenges for patients beyond devastating symptoms

Mercury in atmosphere could be washed out more easily than earlier believed

Large Himalaya earthquakes may occur sooner than expected

Global warming could halt ocean circulation, with harmful results

Acne, Milk and the Iodine Connection

Sunflower seeds, pistachios among top nuts for lowering cholesterol

Argonne researchers confirm lead as cause of Beethoven's illness

Mountainous plateau creates ozone 'halo' around Tibet

Salty taste preference linked to birth weight

Tufts professor chews on the nutrition-oral health connection

Nutritional genomics identifies a potential weight-loss resistance gene

Scientists push forward understanding of multiple sclerosis

TLR4 gene found to protect against tumor development

Researchers discover a protein responsible for shaping the nervous system

Alaska's Columbia Glacier continues on disintegration course

Similar stem cells in insect and human gut

Dog genome sequence and analysis published in Nature

Physicists demonstrate storage and retrieval of single photons between remote memories

How seizures progress to epilepsy in the young

UF scientists find sugar may have a sour side


December 07, 2005

Getting ready for the 'big one,' researchers make most detailed survey ever of San Adreas Fault

NASA's AURA satellite peers into Earth's ozone hole

Inflammation linked to chronic pain

A 2002 disease threat offers lessons for avian flu preparedness

Minimally invasive surgery may increase options for octogenarians with some lung cancers

UK researchers find way to reduce power consumption of transistors in computer chips

New treatment for pancreatic cancer allows life-saving surgery

Popularity Doesn't Necessarily Make Prozac Best Antidepressant Choice

Groundbreaking Guidelines Promote Early Detection,

NASA's Cassini images reveal spectacular evidence of an active moon

CPR and external defibrillator training may decrease adolescent sports-related deaths

T-rays: New imaging technology spotlighted by American Chemical Society

Temperate Forests Could Worsen Global Warming

UCLA scientists discover immune response to HIV differs, even in identical twins

Modeling of long-term fossil fuel consumption shows 14.5 degree hike in temperature

Researchers say estrogen can kill breast cancer cells once fueled by the hormone

Serious adverse reactions to smallpox vaccine appear to be limited

Wide-spread use of intranasal flu vaccine does not show unexpected serious risks

Unexpected link between gene in liver and iron overload

Autistic children's brains grow larger during first years of development


December 06, 2005

Russian River coho recovery project seeing first hopeful signs of success

Computer simulation shows buckyballs deform DNA

Galaxy collisions dominate the local universe

Threat of avian influenza pandemic grows, but people can take precautions

Warming could free far more carbon from high Arctic soil than earlier thought

Physicists describe strange new fluid-like state of matter

Sooner is better with cochlear implants, Stanford scientist shows

San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth reveals new insights into the 'earthquake machine'

NASA & NSF create unprecedented view of upper atmosphere

Chemotherapy after surgery extends survival for patients with advanced endometrial cancer

Rivers on Titan, one of Saturn's moons, resemble those on Earth

Climate models need deeper roots, scientists say

Chemists detect toxic emissions linked to catalytic converters in US

New nanosensor uses quantum dots to detect DNA

Jungle discovery opens new chapter in Maya history

A century after 1906 earthquake, geophysicists revisit 'Big One' and come up with new model

Why the Amazon rainforest is so rich in species

A salty tale: New bacterial genome sequenced from ancient salterns

Titania nanoparticles could lead to improved sensors and solar energy

Team care more cost-effective than usual care for depression

Mayo Clinic researchers: Stroke risk significant in month following heart attack

Molecule links Down syndrome to Alzheimer's

Brain enlargement may be characteristic of autism


December 05, 2005

Satellites capture first-ever gravity map of tides under Antarctic ice

Modern forests suffer from century-old logging legacy

Sydney researchers explain how stress can make you sick

Obesity before pregnancy linked to childhood weight problems

UCLA imaging study of children with autism finds broken mirror neuron system

Drinking small amounts of alcohol regularly reduces risk of obesity

Arsenic discharged from landfills, says Dartmouth research

Heparin antibodies may pose risk in heart surgery patients

Iron particles and MRI could replace biopsies to track stem cell therapy and deploy stents

Scientists directly view immune cells interacting to avert autoimmunity

Tracking the memory trace

New species of diatom discovered

Poison + water = hydrogen. New microbial genome shows how

Study Finds That Nutritionally Enhanced Rice Reduces Iron Deficiency

Earthquake 'pulses' could predict tsunami impact

Tropical Atlantic cooling and African deforestation correlate to drought, report scientists

Huge tsunami spurred progress, revealed needs


December 02, 2005

UCSF study finds nerve regeneration is possible in spinal cord injuries

Johns Hopkins study suggests link between caffeine dependence and family history of alcoholism

Research suggests doctor-assisted suicide wouldn't undermine patient trust

Scientists unlock solid tumor treatment genetic secrets

Gladstone researchers identify new drug target for Alzheimer's disease

Study confirms that stents releasing medication help keep heart bypass vein grafts open

Nano-cages 'fill up' with hydrogen

MicroRNA may have fail-safe role in limb development

Crystal sponges excel at sopping up CO2

Coffee and tea can reduce the risk of chronic liver disease

Fat tissue surrounding thoracic arteries may be beneficial

Childbirth not linked to urinary incontinence, study finds

Needle-free immunizations

Disruption of gene interaction linked to schizophrenia

Hopkins study shows 30-day soft contact lenses pose very small risk of vision loss

Men and women differ in brain use during same tasks

Atherosclerosis studied at the cellular level

No safe ground for life to stand on during world's largest mass extinction

Study demonstrates role of exercise in modifying melatonin levels

First Galileo satellite travels to launch site


December 01, 2005

Overproducing leptin receptors in fat cells may be key to halting weight gain

Endotoxins in house dust pose a significant risk for asthma

Overfishing in inland waters reduces biodiversity and threatens health

Texas A&M anthropologist studies ancient human footprints

Research findings contradict longstanding bias against morphine

Purdue 'metamaterial' could lead to better optics, communications

Optical vortex could look directly at extrasolar planets

Genetic key to growth of new arteries is identified

Yale scientists decipher 'wiring pattern' of cell signaling networks

Interactive 3-D atlas of mouse brain now available on web

Buried craters and underground ice-Mars Express uncovers depths of Mars

Nanotech discovery could have radical implications

Slight increased risk of major birth defects associated with IVF

MUHC and McGill scientists identify gene for debilitating vitamin B12 disease

Young women who smoke higher risk of breask cancer

Survey: Refusal to Evacuate, Complacency Remain Problems During Hurricanes

Skimmed milk reduces the risk of hypertension by 50%

Scientists pool information to boost understanding of drug action

Q-Fever: A global health risk

World first trial to test human implant of HeartPOD‚—¢

UI's Gurnett finds 'lumpy' ionosphere, glimpses of the subsurface of Mars

 
© 2009 BrightSurf.com