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HIV's path out of Africa: Haiti, the US then the world
The AIDS virus entered the United States via Haiti, probably arriving in just one person in about 1969, earlier than previously believed, according to new research.   view more (2007-10-30)

Study Reveals that Nitrogen Fertilizers Deplete Soil Organic Carbon
The common practice of adding nitrogen fertilizer is believed to benefit the soil by building organic carbon, but four University of Illinois soil scientists dispute this view based on analyses of soil samples from the Morrow Plots that date back to before the current practice began.   view more (2007-10-30)

The race for biofuels driving alternative sources of biomass
Researchers have been studying fuels from biomass for years. Now, with growing dependency on foreign oils and an energy-conscious society emerging, biofuels are fast becoming part of a fuel revolution that could reach pumps all across America.   view more (2007-10-29)

The conservation lens
The definition of conservation priorities for biodiversity often focuses only on the numbers of vertebrate animals and seed plants in the northern hemisphere or in the tropics.   view more (2007-10-25)

Meteor no longer prime suspect in great extinction
The greatest mass extinction in Earth's history also may have been one of the slowest, according to a study that casts further doubt on the extinction-by-meteor theory.   view more (2007-10-25)

Iowa State professor's research shows Midwest forests losing diversity, complexity
Forests in the nation's Upper Midwest have changed greatly since the time of the early settlers. And more changes may be coming.   view more (2007-10-17)

Satellites help ensure efficient use of pesticides
A new service, developed in the framework of an ESA-supported project, is using satellite images to compare agricultural crop sites across Europe in order to ensure the more efficient use of pesticides.   view more (2007-10-16)

Analysis of breast and colon cancer genes finds many areas of differences between tumors
Researchers from University Hospitals (UH) Ireland Cancer Center and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine are part of a new national study that has analyzed more than 18,000 genes, including 5,000 previously unmapped genes, from breast and colorectal tumors.   view more (2007-10-12)

Increase in ethanol production from corn could significantly impact
If projected increases in the use of corn for ethanol production occur, the harm to water quality could be considerable, and water supply problems at the regional and local levels could also arise, says a new report from the National Research Council.   view more (2007-10-11)

Important rice production system under pressure
In the face of growing pressure on one of Asia's most important food production systems, experts are warning that farmers must get more help to make them more efficient.   view more (2007-10-10)

Spread of endogenous retrovirus K is similar in the DNA of humans and rhesus monkeys
According to paleontologic and molecular studies, the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) is the closer relative to the humans (Homo sapiens) and that both lineages had a common ancestor at 5 to 7 million years ago.   view more (2007-10-10)

Study shows genetically engineered corn could affect aquatic ecosystems
A study by an Indiana University environmental science professor and several colleagues suggests a widely planted variety of genetically engineered corn has the potential to harm aquatic ecosystems. The study is being published online this week by the journal Proceedings of the National Academies... view more (2007-10-09)

Cornell helps develop pest-resistant eggplant, the first genetically modified food crop in South Asia
Cornell researchers and Sathguru Management Consultants of India have successfully led an international consortium through the first phase of developing a pest-resistant eggplant. By about 2009 this eggplant is expected to be the first genetically engineered food crop in South Asia.   view more (2007-10-09)

Fungus genome yielding answers to protect grains, people and animals
Why a pathogen is a pathogen may be answered as scientists study the recently mapped genetic makeup of a fungus that spawns the worst cereal grains disease known and also can produce toxins potentially fatal to people and livestock.   view more (2007-10-08)

Hydrothermal vents: Hot spots of microbial diversity
Thousands of new kinds of marine microbes have been discovered at two deep-sea hydrothermal vents off the Oregon coast by scientists at the MBL (Marine Biological Laboratory) and University of Washington's Joint Institute for the Study of Atmosphere and Ocean.   view more (2007-10-05)

Battling virus disease of watermelon with bottlegourds
New help may be on the way for beleaguered growers of popular cucurbit crops like cucumbers and watermelons. Many varieties of the widely grown bottlegourd (Lagenaria siceraria) appear to have resistance to Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), a scourge of commercial cucurbits that includes... view more (2007-10-03)

Great Plains' historical stability vulnerable to future changes
A survey of long-term trends in population, farm income, and crop production in the agricultural Great Plains concludes that threats to society and the environment are counterbalanced by "surprising stability" and the potential for short- and medium-term sustainability.   view more (2007-10-01)

Emphasizing the 'precision' in precision agriculture
New protocol and software developments are helping farmers put the precision back in "precision agriculture" by making it easier for growers to use previously ineffectual soil and environmental data to manage their crops.   view more (2007-09-27)

New Keys to Keeping a Diverse Planet
Variation in plants and animals gives us a rich and robust assemblage of foods, medicines, industrial materials and recreation activities. But human activities are eliminating biological diversity at an unprecedented rate.   view more (2007-09-27)

Smithsonian scientists working to save microscopic threatened species
The Smithsonian's National Zoo recently acquired 12,000 new animals-microscopic Elkhorn coral larvae harvested by National Zoo scientists in Puerto Rico-as part of an international collaborative program to raise the threatened species.   view more (2007-09-27)

Simulating kernel production influences maize model accuracy
Recently, researchers at Iowa State University discovered a way to increase the accuracy of a popular crop model. By zeroing in on early stages leading up to kernel formation, scientists believe they can help improve yield predictions across a variety of environmental conditions.   view more (2007-09-24)

Study shows vitamin C is essential for plant growth
Scientists from the University of Exeter and Shimane University in Japan have proved for the first time that vitamin C is essential for plant growth. This discovery could have implications for agriculture and for the production of vitamin C dietary supplements.   view more (2007-09-24)

Why are some groups of animals so diverse?
A new study of finger-sized Australian lizards sheds light on one of the most striking yet largely unexplained patterns in nature: why is it that some groups of animals have evolved into hundreds, even thousands of species, while other groups include only a few?   view more (2007-09-20)

Metagenomics of the deep Mediterranean
Metagenomics is a revolutionary approach to study microbes. Rather than isolating pure cultures, the power of high-throughput sequencing is applied directly to environmental samples to obtain information about the genomes of the prokaryotic cells present in a specific habitat studied.   view more (2007-09-19)

Yam bean a nearly forgotten crop
The Yam bean originated where the Andes meet the Amazon and is locally grown in South and Central America, South Asia, East Asia and the Pacific.   view more (2007-09-17)
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