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Scientists elucidate the origin of the darkest galaxies in the universe
Ghostly galaxies composed almost entirely of dark matter speckle the universe. Unlike normal galaxies, these extreme systems contain very few stars and are almost devoid of gas.   view more (2007-02-15)

Supernovae-Cosmic Lighthouses
Supernovae stand out in the sky like cosmic lighthouses. Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics and at the National Astronomical Institute of Italy have now found a way to use these cosmic beacons to measure distances in space more accurately.   view more (2007-02-12)

Introducing the 'coolest' spacecraft in the universe
The European Space Agency's (ESA) Planck mission, which will study the conditions present in our Universe shortly after the Big Bang, is reaching an important milestone with the integration of instruments into the satellite at Alcatel Alenia Space in Cannes, France.   view more (2007-02-12)

Newborn brains grow vision and movement regions first
The regions of the brain that control vision and other sensory information grow dramatically in the first few months following birth, while the area that controls abstract thought experiences very little growth during the same period, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill researchers have... view more (2007-02-09)

In tiny supercooled clouds, physicists exchange light and matter
Physicists have for the first time stopped and extinguished a light pulse in one part of space and then revived it in a completely separate location.   view more (2007-02-08)

Universe contains more calcium than expected
The universe contains one and a half times more calcium than previously assumed. This conclusion was drawn by astronomers of the SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, after observations with ESA's XMM-Newton X-ray observatory.   view more (2007-02-07)

Central and peripheral signals set the circadian liver clock
Anyone who has experienced jet lag will understand the importance of a smooth-running circadian clock. Crossing time zones decouples our biological rhythms from the natural cycle of light and dark we're used to.   view more (2007-01-30)

Dark energy may be vacuum
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen's Dark Cosmology Centre at the Niels Bohr Institute have brought us one step closer to understanding what the universe is made of. As part of the international collaboration ESSENCE they have observed distant supernovae (exploding stars), some of which... view more (2007-01-17)

Earth's strongest winds wouldn't even be a breeze on these planets
Earth's inhabitants are used to temperatures that vary, sometimes greatly, between day and night. New measurements for three planets outside our solar system indicate their temperatures remain fairly constant - and blazing hot - from day to night, even though it is likely one side of each planet... view more (2007-01-10)

CDF precision measurement of W-boson mass suggests a lighter Higgs particle
Scientists of the CDF collaboration at the Department of Energy's Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory announced today (January 8, 2007) the world's most precise measurement by a single experiment of the mass of the W boson, the carrier of the weak nuclear force and a key parameter of the Standard... view more (2007-01-09)

Bottleneck in Blood Supply Makes Brain Vulnerable to Strokes
A team of UC San Diego physicists and neuroscientists has discovered a bottleneck in the network of blood vessels in the brain that makes it vulnerable to strokes. The finding may explain the origin of the puzzling damage to the brain's gray matter often detected in brain scans, especially among... view more (2007-01-05)

How many genes does it take to learn? Lessons from sea slugs
Scientists analyzing the genomics of a marine snail have gotten an unprecedented look at brain mechanisms, discovering that the neural processes in even a simple sea creature are far from sluggish.   view more (2007-01-02)

Polarstern's biggest fish catch in 24 years of research in Antarctic waters
Five tons of marbled Antarctic cod (Notothenia rossii), now that was surely a big surprise to scientists and crew on board of Polarstern, alike considering that previous and subsequent hauls barely ever reaped such plentiful harvests.   view more (2006-12-27)

A laser uncovers the logic of the stomata function
What you do is sometimes determined by what your neighbours do. Scientists believe that this extends to stomatal behaviour. Stomata are pores placed at the plant surface that allow gas exchange with the atmosphere.   view more (2006-12-21)

Nanomaterials vulnerable to dispersal in natural environment
Laboratory experiments with a type of nanomaterial that has great promise for industrial use show significant potential for dispersal in aquatic environments - especially when natural organic materials are present.   view more (2006-12-19)

Physicist: Stars can be strange
According to the "Strange Matter Hypothesis," which gained popularity in the paranormal 1980's, nuclear matter, too, can be strange.   view more (2006-12-19)

42-meter giant will probe the universe
The future of European astronomy is poised to enter a new era of discovery with the decision announced today by ESO's governing body to proceed with detailed studies for the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT).   view more (2006-12-13)

Researchers study role of natural organic matter in environment
The decomposition of plant, animal and microbial material in soil and water produces a variety of complex organic molecules, collectively called natural organic matter. These compounds play many important roles in the environment.   view more (2006-12-12)

Drop in acid rain altering Appalachian stream water
Appalachian hardwood forests may be getting a respite from acid rain but data from a long-term ecological study of stream chemistry suggests that the drop in acid rain may be changing biological activity in the ecosystem and hiking dissolved carbon dioxide in forest streams.   view more (2006-12-12)

Changes in brain density can help predict schizophrenia
Changes in brain density could be used to predict whether an individual who is at risk for schizophrenia is likely to develop the condition or not.   view more (2006-12-07)

Vanishing beetle horns have surprise function
The function of horned beetles' wild protrusions has been a matter of some consternation for biologists. Digging seemed plausible; combat and mate selection, more likely. Even Charles Darwin once weighed in on the matter, suggesting - one imagines with some frustration - the horns were merely... view more (2006-12-05)

Protein protects against nerve degeneration
A protein called NMNAT protects against nerve cell degeneration in fruit flies and mice, said Baylor College of Medicine researchers in a report in the Public Library of Science Biology that appears online today.   view more (2006-12-01)

Got inexpensive contrast agent? Milk plays new role in imaging
In a new twist on the slogan "milk does a body good," radiologists are testing use of the dairy staple as a contrast agent in gastrointestinal imaging exams-with excellent results.   view more (2006-11-30)

Chronic back pain linked to changes in the brain
A German research team using a specialized imaging technique revealed that individuals suffering from chronic low back pain also had microstructural changes in their brains.   view more (2006-11-29)

Astronomers find first ever gamma ray clock
Astronomers using the H.E.S.S. telescopes have discovered the first ever modulated signal from space in Very High Energy Gamma Rays - the most energetic such signal ever observed.   view more (2006-11-28)
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