Cholera vaccine could protect affected communities
A vaccine used to protect travelers from cholera, an infection characterized by diarrhea and severe dehydration, could also be used effectively among those living in cholera-prone (endemic) areas. view more (2007-11-27)
... used to protect travelers from cholera, an infection characterized by diarrhea and severe dehydration, could also ... effectively among those living in cholera-prone (endemic) areas, according to a research study by Ira Longini ... their efforts to control endemic cholera.
Using a mathematical model for cholera transmission based on information from the Matlab region of Bangladesh, ... Bangladesh, the researchers predicted that cholera outbreaks ...
New treatment option for children with cholera (p 1722)
Results of a study in this week's issue of THE LANCET suggest that the antibiotic azithromycin could be an effective treatment option for children with cholera. Cholera is a major public-health problem which is greatly under-reported; children are most affected by this bacterial disease which causes severe diarrhoea resulting in dehydration.... view more... (2002-11-22)
... treatment option for children with cholera. Cholera is a major public-health problem which is greatly under-reported; children ... dehydration. Around 5000 deaths from cholera were reported to the WHO in 2000, probably a severe ... people are infected with the cholera bacterium-has not supplied WHO with data relating to cholera illness or death. Effective single-dose antibiotics have only been ... been identified ...
Small molecule inhibitor of cholera discovered
Just as hurricanes in the Gulf states and Guatemala have raised the risks of cholera outbreaks, researchers at Harvard Medical School have identified a new type of antibiotic against the cholera bacteria. view more (2005-10-17)
... have raised the risks of cholera outbreaks, researchers at Harvard Medical School have identified a new ... type of antibiotic against the cholera bacteria. While traditional antibiotics kill bacteria outright by interfering with ... severe diarrhea associated with Vibrio cholerae infection. "What we have done is made a custom, organism-specific ... custom, organism-specific antibiotic against Vibrio cholerae," said John Mekalanos, the Adele Lehman ...
Study shows endemic cholera can be controlled with oral vaccines
Endemic cholera, a potentially fatal diarrheal disease found in the world's most impoverished countries, could be effectively controlled by orally vaccinating half of the affected populations once every two years for only pennies per dose. view more (2007-11-27)
SEATTLE -- Endemic cholera, a potentially fatal diarrheal disease found in the world's most ... 27 in PLoS Medicine.
While oral cholera vaccines have been available to protect travelers for more than ... control of the disease in cholera-prone (endemic) regions in part because their protective potential has been ... on data from a large-scale cholera-vaccine trial involving 200,000 people in Matlab, Bangladesh, Longini ...
The pandemic potential of H9N2 avian influenza viruses
Since their introduction into land-based birds in 1988, H9N2 avian influenza A viruses have caused multiple human infections and become endemic in domestic poultry in Eurasia. view more (2008-08-13)
... land-based birds in 1988, H9N2 avian influenza A viruses have caused multiple human infections and become ... and subsequent human-to-human transmission of avian influenza viruses are not well understood.
In a new study published ... replication and transmission of recent avian H9N2 viruses. The researchers show that some currently circulating avian H9N2 viruses can transmit to naïve ferrets placed in direct ... They also ...
New host species for avian influenza identified
In a new study published online in the open-access journal PLoS Pathogens, Dr. Vincent J. Munster, of Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, and colleagues identify new host species for avian influenza A virus (H5N1) and provide important information on the distinctions between the ecology and epidemiology of various global strains of the virus. view more (2007-05-11)
... identify new host species for avian influenza A virus (H5N1) and provide important information on the ... birds tested for low pathogenic avian influenza, details new data on host species, prevalence, and temporal ... temporal and geographical variation of avian influenza in wild migratory birds in Europe. Seven previously unknown ... for high and low pathogenic avian influenza in migratory birds. ...
Avian influenza: the threat looms (p 257)
The potential threat of avian influenza is discussed in this week's editorial. Five human deaths have been reported in Vietnam up to Jan 20, 2004. The disease is caused by influenza virus type A, and infects many animal species. A highly pathogenic avian influenza is caused by subtypes H5 and H7; wild birds are thought to be the reservoir for the... view more... (2004-01-21)
The potential threat of avian influenza is discussed in this week's editorial. Five human deaths ... animal species. A highly pathogenic avian influenza is caused by subtypes H5 and H7; wild birds ... a widespread human outbreak of avian influenza, the editorial concludes: 'The possibility of a human pandemic ... pandemic with a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus must be taken very seriously ...
Human nose too cold for bird flu, says new study
Avian influenza viruses do not thrive in humans because the temperature inside a person's nose is too low, according to research published today in the journal PLoS Pathogens. view more (2009-05-15)
Avian influenza viruses do not thrive in humans because the temperature ... easily.
There are 16 subtypes of avian influenza and some can mutate into forms that can infect ... viruses.
Today's study shows that normal avian influenza viruses do not spread extensively in cells at 32 ... degrees Celsius. This means that avian flu viruses that have not mutated are less likely to ... the ...
Climate and Cholera: an increasingly important link
A study by the coordinator of the Research Group on Climate at the Barcelona Science Park, University of Barcelona, Dr Xavier Rod'³, and other researchers at the University of Michigan and the International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research in Bangladesh, provides evidence not only that climatic variation associated with the El Ni'±o-Southern... view more... (2002-09-13)
... (ENSO) affects the appearance of cholera epidemics, as shown by a previous publication in Science by ... show that the correlation between cholera and climate is three times as strong as that shown ... evidence that ENSO influenced the cholera cycles using climate and epidemic data from the area of ... influence of climate on the cholera cycles had become more intense in ...
Veterinarians At Increased Risk Of Avian Influenza Virus Infection
Veterinarians who work with birds are at increased risk for infection with avian influenza virus and should be among those with priority access to pandemic influenza vaccines and antivirals, according to a study conducted by researchers in the University of Iowa College of Public Health. view more (2007-06-01)
... increased risk for infection with avian influenza virus and should be among those with priority access ... veterinarians for evidence of previous avian influenza virus infection. The veterinarians all had occupational exposure to ... the H5, H6 and H7 avian virus strains, indicating previous infections with these viruses. The infections ... to the mild forms of avian influenza virus that have occasionally circulated ...
Influenza: Insights into cell specificity of human vs. avian viruses
Researchers have identified which sites and cell types within the respiratory tract are targeted by human versus avian influenza viruses, providing valuable insights into the pathogenesis of these divergent diseases. view more (2007-10-10)
... are targeted by human versus avian influenza viruses, providing valuable insights into the pathogenesis of these ... Riel et al, "Human and avian influenza viruses target different cells in the lower respiratory tract ... For example, highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus targets cells deep within the lower respiratory tract ... between low and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus versus human influenza virus, ...
While Concerned, Most Americans Do Not Expect Widespread Human Cases of Avian Flu in U.S. in the Next Year
The latest national poll conducted by the Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) Project on the Public and Biological Security finds that at the moment, the majority of the American public is concerned about the threat of avian flu, but only a small proportion is very concerned. view more (2006-02-24)
... concerned about the threat of avian flu, but only a small proportion is very concerned. However, ... concerned. However, should cases of avian flu emerge in poultry or humans in this country, the ... related to this poll, visit http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/press/releases/blendon/Avian_Flu_Charts.ppt
To see the topline, visit http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/press/releases/blendon/Avian_Flu_Release_Topline.doc Concern about Avian Flu
More than half of Americans (57%) report that they are ... a family member will ...
Volunteers sought for avian flu vaccine study
Vanderbilt University Medical Center is enrolling volunteers in a study to test a new vaccine that targets avian flu, the first such vaccine against the virus. view more (2005-10-31)
... a new vaccine that targets avian flu, the first such vaccine against the virus. The Vanderbilt ... The first phase of the avian flu vaccine trial, conducted at various other medical centers around ... of a widespread epidemic of avian influenza, or "bird flu," is of growing concern throughout the ... Public health experts fear that avian flu could lead to a worldwide ...
Princeton scientists break cholera's lines of communication
A team of Princeton scientists has discovered a key mechanism in how bacteria communicate with each other, a pivotal breakthrough that could lead to treatments for cholera and other bacterial diseases. view more (2007-11-15)
... could lead to treatments for cholera and other bacterial diseases.
The mechanism is a chemical that cholera bacteria use for transmitting messages to each other, known as ... findings. "This paper specifically concerns cholera, but it provides proof in principle that we can do ... bacteria are less benign, like cholera, a disease commonly acquired by drinking contaminated water. When a ... drinking contaminated ...
Hidden infections crucial to understanding, controlling disease outbreaks
Scientists and news organizations typically focus on the number of dead and gravely ill during epidemics, but research at the University of Michigan suggests that less dramatic, mild infections lurking in large numbers of people are the key to understanding cycles of at least one potentially fatal infectious disease: cholera. view more (2008-09-23)
... one potentially fatal infectious disease: cholera.
Using a model developed with new statistical methods, U-M researchers and ... seen in 50 years of cholera death records from 26 districts in Bengal, cholera's "native habitat."
"In that region, we see two cholera seasons per year, with peaks in spring and fall," said ... to five years, with many cholera cases reported during some periods and ... |
