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Mind over matter: SH2B1 in the brain regulates obesity
Obesity is one of the main risk factors for developing type II diabetes. Previous studies have shown that mice lacking a protein known as SH2B1 throughout their body are obese and develop diabetes. view more (2007-01-19)
Smoking damages the placenta and reduces foetal growth
Dr Peter Hindmarsh (University College, London), at the British Endocrine Societies 2003 meeting, will reveal new evidence that smoking when pregnant causes damage to the placenta and reduced birth weight. His team found that nutrient delivery to the baby was restricted and levels of an important developmental hormone, IGF-1, were reduced, causing... view more... (2003-03-19)
CSHL-led team discovers rare mutation dramatically increasing schizophrenia risk
An international team of researchers led by geneticist Jonathan Sebat, Ph.D., of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL), has identified a mutation on human chromosome 16 that substantially increases risk for schizophrenia. view more (2009-10-26)
Which came first, social dominance or big brains? Wasps may tell
There's new evidence supporting the idea that bigger brains are better. A study of a tropical wasp suggests that the brainpower required to be dominant drives brain capacity. view more (2008-03-12)
Slowly-developing primates definitely not dim-witted
Some primates have evolved big brains because their extra brainpower helps them live and reproduce longer, an advantage that outweighs the demands of extra years of growth and development they spend reaching adulthood, anthropologists from Duke University and the University of Zurich have concluded in a new study. view more (2008-04-17)
New Technique For Measuring Blood Flow To Brain In Babies (p 1749)
Authors of a research letter in this week's issue of THE LANCET describe how an ultrasound technique can be used as a non-invasive way of measuring blood flow to the brain in babies, which may be of benefit to infants with brain disorders arising from restrictions in cerebral blood flow. Changes in the rate of blood flow to the brain in premature... view more... (2002-11-27)
Women At Greater Risk Of Brain-Cell Damage From Long-Term Ecstasy Use
Authors of a Dutch study in this week's issue of THE LANCET conclude that long-term ecstasy use-especially among women-could have serious negative effects on specific cells in the brain. The study also suggests that the adverse effects of ecstasy use can sometimes be reversed among people who stop using the drug. Ecstasy is a popular recreational... view more... (2001-11-28)
Brain size may depend upon how neural cells are cleaved
Howard Hughes Medical Institute researchers have discovered a novel way in which the brain size of developing mammals may be regulated. They have identified a signaling pathway that controls the orientation in which dividing neural progenitor cells are cleaved during development. view more (2005-07-15)
Kaiser Permanente study shows that a larger abdomen in midlife increases risk of dementia
People in their 40s with larger stomachs have a higher risk for dementia when they reach their 70s, according to a study published in the March 26, 2008, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. view more (2008-03-27)
Study explores which carnivores are most likely to kill other carnivores
Ecologists used to think of prey as the most important factor governing the structure of predator communities. However, over the past twenty years, they have increasingly recognized the importance of interspecific killing - carnivores killing carnivores - in determining ecology and behavior. view more (2006-03-09)
Aston researchers first scientists in UK to explore mysteries of whole brain
The new Neurosciences Research Institute at Aston University houses one of only 10 whole head MEG scanners in the world. The equipment measures magnetic fields in the brain. view more (1999-11-17)
How big (or small) is large?
Trousers have to be tried on - the variation between size labeling and actual clothing size is huge. This is shown by the report "Large? Clothing sizes and size labeling", which looks at the relationship between clothing sizes and the actual clothing measurements as well as consumers' views on and experiences of this. view more (2009-03-18)
New brain cells listen before they talk
Newly created neurons in adults rely on signals from distant brain regions to regulate their maturation and survival before they can communicate with existing neighboring cells-a finding that has important implications for the use of adult neural stem cells to replace brain cells lost by trauma or neurodegeneration, Yale School of Medicine... view more... (2007-10-31)
Autistic children's brains grow larger during first years of development
By age 2, children with the often-devastating neurological condition physicians call autism show a generalized enlargement of their brains, a new University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Duke University medical schools study concludes. view more (2005-12-07)
Family history of brain tumors linked to increased risk of brain cancer
People with a family history of cancerous brain tumors appear to be at higher risk of developing the same kind of tumors compared to people with no such family history. view more (2008-09-22)
3-D fruit fly images to benefit brain research
The fragile head and brain of a fly are not easy things to examine but MRC scientists have figured out how to make it a little simpler. And they hope their research will shed light on human disease. view more (2007-09-05)
Steroids, not songs, spur growth of brain regions in sparrows
Neuroscientists are attempting to understand if structural changes in the brain are related to sensory experience or the performance of learned behavior, and now University of Washington researchers have found evidence that one species of songbird apparently has something in common with a few baseball sluggers. Both rely on steroids. view more (2007-07-23)
Carnegie Mellon researchers discover key deficiencies in brains of people with autism
In a pair of groundbreaking studies, brain scientists at Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh have discovered that the anatomical differences that characterize the brains of people with autism are related to the way those brains process information. view more (2006-07-13)
Barnacles go to great lengths to mate
Compelled to mate, yet firmly attached to the rock, barnacles have evolved the longest penis of any animal for their size - up to 8 times their body length - so they can find and fertilize distant neighbours. view more (2008-02-07)
Size of brain areas does matter — but bigger isn't necessarily better
The ability to hit a baseball or play a piano well is part practice and part innate talent. One side of the equation required for skilled performances has its roots in the architecture of the brain genetically determined before birth, say scientists at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. Practice takes no explaining, just persistence. view more (2007-03-02)
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