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'Pinball protons' created by ultraviolet rays and other causes can lead to DNA damage
Researchers have known for years that damaged DNA can lead to human diseases such as cancer, but how damage occurs-and what causes it-has remained less clear. view more (2006-05-18)
iNOS expression may links chronic biliary inflammation to malignant transformation
It is well known that chronic biliary inflammation is a risk factor for biliary carcinogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms of biliary carcinogenesis as a consequence of chronic biliary inflammation remain unclear. view more (2007-12-20)
Raising the alarm when DNA goes bad
Our genome is constantly under attack from things like UV light and toxins, which can damage or even break DNA strands and ultimately lead to cancer and other diseases. view more (2009-08-14)
Once suspect protein found to promote DNA repair, prevent cancer
An abundant chromosomal protein that binds to damaged DNA prevents cancer development by enhancing DNA repair, researchers at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center report online this week in the Proceedings of the National Academies of Science. view more (2008-07-22)
A new cellular pathway linked to cancer is identified by NYU researchers
In the life of a cell, the response to DNA damage determines whether the cell is fated to pause and repair itself, commit suicide, or grow uncontrollably, a route leading to cancer. view more (2008-07-25)
Reduced mitochondrial function important mechanism in aging
Scientists at the Karolinska Institute have found that changes in the "powerhouse" of cells, the mitochondria, play a key role in aging. The findings are being published in this week's issue of the journal Nature. Mitochondria, which provide energy to cells, have their own set of DNA. Mutations of mitochondrial DNA increase with age,... view more... (2004-05-27)
Researchers uncover protection mechanism of radiation-resistant bacterium
Recent discoveries by researchers at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU) could lead to new avenues of exploration for radioprotection in diverse settings. Michael J. Daly, Ph.D., an associate professor in USU's Department of Pathology, and his colleagues have uncovered evidence pointing to the mechanism through which the... view more... (2007-03-21)
New Company To Develop Next-Generation Sunscreens
SCIENTISTS are using world-first technology to develop the next generation of sunscreens. A new company, DNAcare Systems, is to be formed at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, based on research by skin cancer expert Dr Mark Birch-Machin and colleagues. It intends to design a new type of sunscreen which will be specially developed for its... view more... (2004-07-07)
Novel mechanism for DNA replication discovered
Since the discovery of the structure of DNA by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953, the paradigm for DNA replication has stated that the DNA itself codes for the appropriate pairings for replication. view more (2005-09-30)
Links between DNA damage and breast cancer studied
Researchers from the Pacific Northwest Research Institute (PNRI) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have uncovered a pattern of DNA damage in connective tissues in the human breast that could shed light on the early stages of breast cancer and possibly serve as an early warning of a heightened risk of cancer. view more (2006-08-07)
Refusal of suicide order: Why tumor cells become resistant
Cells with irreparable DNA damage normally induce programmed cell death, or apoptosis. However, this mechanism often fails in tumor cells so that transformed cells are able to multiply and spread throughout the body. view more (2008-06-24)
Evidence of rapid evolution is found at the tips of chromosomes
In terms of their telomeres, mice are more complicated than humans. That's the finding from a recent Rockefeller University study, which shows that mice have two proteins working together to do the job of a single protein in human cells. view more (2006-08-02)
Sunburn alert: UVB does more damage to DNA than UVA
As bombs burst in air this July 4, chances are that sunburn will be the red glare that most folks see - and feel. But unfortunately, even when there is no burn, the effects of the sun's ultraviolet (UV) rays can have deadly consequences. view more (2008-07-01)
Scientists identify specific enzymes that make meningitis hard to fight
Two enzymes in meningitis bacteria which prevent the body from successfully fighting off the disease, and make the infection extremely virulent, have been identified in new research published today. view more (2007-02-23)
Misreading of damaged DNA may spur tumor formation
The DNA in our cells is constantly under assault from oxygen, the sun's radiation and environmental stresses. Most of the time, our cells can repair the damage before it gets copied into a permanent mutation that could lead to cancer. view more (2008-11-21)
Cell survival depends on chromosome integrity
As part of a large National Institutes of Health-funded Technology Centers for Networks and Pathways project, Johns Hopkins researchers have discovered protein machinery important for cells to keep chromosomes intact. view more (2006-07-10)
Scientists find a key culprit in stroke brain cell damage
Researchers have identified a key player in the killing of brain cells after a stroke or a seizure. The protein asparagine endopeptidase (AEP) unleashes enzymes that break down brain cells' DNA, scientists at Emory University School of Medicine have found. view more (2008-03-28)
Researchers identify gene as protector of DNA, enemy of tumors
A single gene plays a pivotal role launching two DNA damage detection and repair pathways in the human genome, suggesting that it functions as a previously unidentified tumor suppressor gene. view more (2006-08-07)
Gene for neat repair of DNA discovered
Researchers from the Erasmus University in Rotterdam have demonstrated that a gene helps in the neat repair of DNA. Without this gene the body would repair damaged DNA in a careless manner more often. This causes new damage, which can lead to cancer. The careless repair of damaged DNA can cause mutations and can result in cancer. Cell biologists... view more... (2002-01-24)
BRIT1 allows DNA repair teams access to damaged sites
Like a mechanic popping the hood of a car to get at a faulty engine, a tumor-suppressing protein allows cellular repair mechanisms to pounce on damaged DNA by overcoming a barrier to DNA access. view more (2009-06-22)
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