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Is hepatic differentiation of embryonic stem cells induced by valproic acid and cytokines?
Embryonic stem (ES) cells, known for their capacity to proliferate indefinitely and differentiate into almost all types of cells including hepatocytes, have raised the hope of cellular replacement therapy for liver failure. view more (2009-11-18)
Subtle changes in normal genes implicated in breast cancer
Using a super-efficient method they invented to search for a type of cancer-related change in all genes of a cell, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute researchers have discovered new evidence about how the "microenvironment" of breast cancers helps drive the cancers' growth and migration. view more (2005-07-14)
Human embryonic stem cells display a unique pattern of chemical modification to DNA
Scientists from the Burnham Institute for Medical Research (BIMR) and Illumina Inc., in collaboration with stem cell researchers around the world, have found that the DNA of human embryonic stem cells is chemically modified in a characteristic, predictable pattern. view more (2006-08-07)
New gene silencing pathway found in plants
Biologists at Washington University in St. Louis have made major headway in explaining a mechanism by which plant cells silence potentially harmful genes. view more (2008-11-18)
Cancer scientists call for a large-scale human epigenome project
A vast code, invisible to the DNA sequencing effort that constituted the Human Genome Project, is rapidly being shown to play a direct role in human health. This "epigenome"-from the Greek epi, meaning "in addition to"-consists of chemical "amendments" that dangle like charms on a bracelet from the linear string of... view more... (2005-12-15)
An effective target of biological therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma
It has been shown that constitutively activated STAT3 is detected in many HCC cell lines and tissues. This suggests that STAT3 is a promising molecular target for HCC gene therapy. view more (2009-06-15)
Early estrogen exposure leads to later prostate cancer risk
A study in the June 1 issue of Cancer Research presents the first evidence that exposure to low doses of environmental estrogens during development of the prostate gland in the male fetus may result in a predisposition to prostate cancer later in life. view more (2006-06-01)
Study reveals a reprogrammed role for the androgen receptor
The androgen receptor - a protein ignition switch for prostate cancer cell growth and division - is a master of adaptability. view more (2009-07-28)
Negative effects of plastic's additive blocked by nutrient supplements
Experiments in animals have provided additional and tantalizing evidence that what a pregnant mother eats can make her offspring more susceptible to disease later in life. view more (2007-07-31)
Why embryos need a good diet
A thick-coated vole and a man with cardiovascular disease have something in common: both are doing what their mothers told them. They are part of the developmental programming phenomenon that is broader than many acknowledge, according to a review paper published in The Journal of Physiology. view more (2005-05-12)
Scientists Clarify a Mechanism of Epigenetic Inheritance
Although letters representing the three billion pairs of molecules that form the "rungs" of the helical DNA "ladder" are routinely called the human "genetic code," the DNA they comprise transmits traits across generations in a variety of ways, not all of which depend on the sequence of letters in the code. view more (2008-04-23)
Genetic double-agents unmasked
Babraham Institute and Cancer Research UK scientists have discovered that certain enzymes with a key activity in the immune system may be important in stem-cell development, but may also work against us by contributing to the occurrence of cancer. view more (2004-10-26)
Plant polymerases IV and V are special forms of Polymerase II
It's a little like finding out that Superman is actually Clark Kent. A team of biologists at Washington University in St. Louis has discovered that two vital cellular components, nuclear RNA Polymerases IV and V (Pol IV and V), found only in plants, are actually specialized forms of RNA Polymerase II, an essential enzyme of all eukaryotic... view more... (2009-01-07)
Less can be more, for plant breeders too
Imagine you are a rice breeder and one day within a large field you discover a plant that has just the characteristics you have been looking for. You happily take your special plant to the laboratory where you find out that the spontaneous, beneficial event was due to inactivation of a single gene. view more (2008-03-20)
Molecular steps involved in the creation of gene-silencing MicroRNAs identified
First discovered only a few brief years ago, microRNAs are small, remarkably powerful molecules that appear to play a pivotal role in gene silencing, one of the body's main strategies for regulating its genome. A scant 22 nucleotides in length, miRNAs appear to work by binding to and somehow interfering with messenger RNA, itself responsible for... view more... (2005-06-23)
UCR-led study identifies crucial mechanism involved in immune response against viruses
A research team led by UC Riverside scientists has shown that the common fruit fly can serve as an excellent model for studying the immunity animals are born with for fighting viral infections. view more (2006-03-24)
Novel molecular 'signature' marks DNA of embryonic stem cells
A team of scientists announced today a critical step on the path of realizing the promise of embryonic stem (ES) cells for medicine. view more (2006-04-21)
New method for gene expression experiments akin to watercolor painting in water
Like oil and water, two water-based liquids can mingle without mixing in a new University of Michigan technology developed for biological experiments. view more (2009-08-19)
Silence the gene, save the cell: RNA interference as promising therapy for ALS
Scientists at the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Switzerland have used RNA interference in transgenic mice to silence a mutated gene that causes inherited cases of amytrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), substantially delaying both the onset and the progression rate of the fatal motor neuron disease. Their results... view more... (2005-03-09)
Therapeutic cloning gets a boost with new research findings
Germ cells, the cells which give rise to a mammal's sperm or eggs, exhibit a five to ten-fold lower rate of spontaneous point mutations than adult somatic cells, which give rise to the body's remaining cell types, tissues and organs. Despite their comparatively higher mutation rates, however, adult somatic cells are used as the donor cells in a... view more... (2009-03-25)
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