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Uprooting and replanting the tree of life
A new theory on the evolution of ancient microbes is set to challenge widespread scientific views of early life on earth and could overturn previous interpretations of the huge bank of molecular taxonomic data that has been built up in recent years, according to research published today in the... view more (2002-01-08)

ETH Researchers Open New Perspectives for Biotechnology
Metabolic and biochemical reactions are basically the same in all living beings, or at least comparable. The genetic codes of all living beings, that is to say of bacteria, plants, fungii and animals, are made up of the same set of building blocks. Human genes are therefore correctly translated... view more (2002-11-28)

All eukaryotic kinases share 1 common set of substrates
Kinase mediated phosphorylation is generally recognised as the major regulator of virtually all metabolic activities in eukaryotic cells including proliferation, gene expression, motility, vesicular transport and programmed cell death.   view more (2007-08-22)

Study shows our ancestors survived 'Snowball Earth'
It has been 2.3 billion years since Earth's atmosphere became infused with enough oxygen to support life as we know it. About the same time, the planet became encased in ice that some scientists speculate was more than a half-mile deep.   view more (2006-06-07)

International team of scientists discover clue to delay of life on Earth
Scientists from around the world have reconstructed changes in Earth's ancient ocean chemistry during a broad sweep of geological time, from about 2.5 to 0.5 billion years ago.   view more (2008-03-27)

Ancient organisms discovered in Canadian gold mine
Scientists have suspected that the three known domains of life -- eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea -- branched off and went their separate ways around three billion years ago. But pinning down the time of that split has been an elusive task.   view more (2007-08-21)

RNAi and telomere length
A team of Russian scientists, led by Dr. Vladimir Gvozdev (Russian Academy of Sciences) reports on a novel link between RNAi and telomere maintenance in the Drosophila germline.   view more (2006-02-01)

Muscle mass: Scientists identify novel mode of transcriptional regulation during myogenesis
In an upcoming issue of G&D, Drs. Maria Divina Deato and Robert Tjian (HHMI, UC Berkeley) reveal that the formation of an alternative transcriptional core promoter complex directs cell-type specific differentiation during myogenesis.   view more (2007-08-20)

MicroRNA processing and cancer
In an upcoming G&D paper, Dr. Scott Hammond (UNC-Chapel Hill) and colleagues describe a key regulatory step during microRNA biogenesis, which may underlie alterations of microRNA expression in cancer.   view more (2006-08-01)

DNA replication behavior in complex organisms may foreshadow leaps in genomic discoveries
For the first time, findings by scientists at the Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS) may be paving the way for more efficient analyses and tests related to the replication of cells, and ultimately, to the better understanding of human biology, such as in stem cell research.   view more (2007-08-16)

Workman Lab characterizes novel regulator of chromosome function
The Stowers Institute's Workman Lab has shed new light on a novel histone acetyltransferase protein complex called ATAC. Acetyltransferases are enzymes that introduce a new acetyl functional group into histone proteins, a process by which all chromosome functions are controlled.   view more (2008-03-11)

Bloodless Worm Sheds Light on Human Blood, Iron Deficiency
Using a lowly bloodless worm, University of Maryland researchers have discovered an important clue to how iron carried in human blood is absorbed and transported into the body. The finding could lead to developing new ways to reduce iron deficiency, the world's number one nutritional disorder.   view more (2008-04-17)

Molecular DNA Switch Found to be the Same for All Life
The molecular machinery that starts the process by which a biological cell divides into two identical daughter cells apparently worked so well early on that evolution has conserved it across the eons in all forms of life on Earth.   view more (2006-07-18)

New gene silencing pathway found in plants
Biologists at Washington University in St. Louis have made major headway in explaining a mechanism by which plant cells silence potentially harmful genes.    view more (2008-11-18)

Potassium limitation, ammonium toxicity and amino acid excretion in yeast
As a single-celled eukaryote organism, the yeast strain S. cerevisiae has some limitations in terms of how it can be used as a model for more complex multicellular eukaryotes.   view more (2006-10-17)

TIGR researchers reveal tricks of common sexually transmitted infection
It's the world's most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection. There are an estimated 8 million cases of trich - pronounced "trick" - a year in North America and 170 million cases worldwide.   view more (2007-01-12)

Genetic clues to Sodalis deepens knowledge of bacterial diseases
By sequencing the genome of the symbiotic bacterium Sodalis, which lives off the major disease-transmitting insect, the tsetse fly, researchers at Yale School of Medicine have come a step closer to understanding how microbial pathogens cause disease.   view more (2005-12-15)

Census of protein architectures offers new view of history of life
The present can tell you a lot about the past, but you need to know where to look. A new study appearing this month in Genome Research reveals that protein architectures - the three-dimensional structures of specific regions within proteins - provide an extraordinary window on the history of life.   view more (2007-10-02)

Researchers develop new self-training gene prediction program for fungi
Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have developed a computer program that trains itself to predict genes in the DNA sequences of fungi.   view more (2008-09-30)

Oxygen triggered the evolution of complex life forms
Oxygen played a key role in the evolution of complex organisms, according to new research published in BMC Evolutionary Biology. The study shows that the complexity of life forms increased earlier than was thought, and in parallel with the availability of oxygen as an energy source. In the largest... view more (2004-01-22)

UGA study reveals function of ubiquitous yet poorly understood microorganisms
Discovered in the late 1970s, archaea are one of the three main branches on the tree of life, with bacteria and eukaryotes such as plants and animals on the other two branches.   view more (2007-05-23)

Symposium marks 30th anniversary of discovery of third domain of life
Thirty years ago this month, researchers at the University of Illinois published a discovery that challenged basic assumptions about the broadest classifications of life.   view more (2007-10-17)

Scientists Uncover Rules for Gene Amplification
Gene amplification plays an important role in causing cancers via activation of oncogenes.   view more (2006-06-30)

Earliest fungi may have found multiple solutions to propagation on land, new study infers
In the latest installment of a major international effort to probe the origins of species, a team of scientists has reconstructed the early evolution of fungi, the biological kingdom now believed to be animals' closest relatives.   view more (2006-10-19)

Pathogens use previously undescribed mechanism to sabotage host immune system
New research identifies a previously unknown enzymatic mechanism that subverts the early host immune response and promotes pathogenicity by manipulating a common signaling pathway in host cells.   view more (2007-12-10)
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