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Scientists show that mitochondrial DNA variants are linked to risk factors for type 2 diabetes
Today, researchers report for the first time that genetic variants in mitochondria-energy-producing structures harboring DNA that are inherited only from the mother-are directly linked to metabolic markers for type 2 diabetes.   view more (2007-08-13)

Back to the future: Mastodon extends the time limit on DNA sequencing
In a new paper in the open access journal PLoS Biology, Michael Hofreiter from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany, and colleagues from Switzerland and the United States, announce the sequencing of the complete mitochondrial genome of the mastodon (Mammut americanum),... view more (2007-07-24)

Cell's 'power plant' genes raise vision disorder risk
Genetic variation in the DNA of mitochondria - the "power plants" of cells - contributes to a person's risk of developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD), Vanderbilt investigators report May 7 in the journal PLoS ONE.   view more (2008-05-07)

Few clues about African ancestry to be found in mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA may not hold the key to your origins after all. A study published today in the open access journal BMC Biology reveals that fewer than 10% of African American mitochondrial DNA sequences analysed can be matched to mitochondrial DNA from one single African ethnic group.   view more (2006-10-12)

Reduced mitochondrial function important mechanism in aging
Scientists at the Karolinska Institute have found that changes in the "powerhouse" of cells, the mitochondria, play a key role in aging. The findings are being published in this week's issue of the journal Nature. Mitochondria, which provide energy to cells, have their own set of DNA.... view more (2004-05-27)

Mitochondrial genes move to the nucleus
Why mitochondrial genes ditch their cushy haploid environs to take up residence in a large and chaotic nucleus has long stumped evolutionary biologists, but Indiana University Bloomington scientists report in this week's Science that they've uncovered an important clue in flowering plants.   view more (2007-03-23)

Mothers transmit DNA through daughters only
Scientists have argued whether or not the often-studied mitochondrial DNA molecule is clonally inherited. It is with assuming clonal inheritance this type of DNA has been used to track the origin of modern human as well as to draw pictures of genetic relationships among other animals and plants.... view more (2001-09-06)

New findings shed light to the mechanisms of Parkinson's disease
The findings of Finnish scientists with their multinational collaborators shed light to the mechanisms of Parkinson's disease and early menopause.   view more (2004-09-07)

Large reservoir of mitochondrial DNA mutations identified in humans
Researchers at the University of Newcastle, England, and the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute at Virginia Tech in the United States have revealed a large reservoir of mitochondrial DNA mutations present in the general population.   view more (2008-08-12)

PINK1 protects from Parkinson's
Parkinson disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by the selective loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons.   view more (2007-06-19)

The fight against obesity -- a new insight
With obesity still on the increase, it appears that the main weapon in the fight against it - reducing energy consumption by eating less - is ineffective.   view more (2008-03-12)

Neutral evolution has helped shape our genome
Johns Hopkins researchers have added to the growing mound of evidence that many of the genetic bits and pieces that drive evolutionary changes do not confer any advantages or disadvantages to humans or other animals.   view more (2007-07-10)

Study looks at mitochondrial variation in sperm traits and sperm competitive ability
University of Nevada, Reno researchers Jeanne and David Zeh of the Department of Biology have received a five-year, $650,000 grant from the National Science Foundation to investigate the effects of natural mitochondrial variation on sperm traits and sperm competitive ability.   view more (2007-09-20)

Mitochondrial DNA sequencing tool updated
High-tech laboratory tools, like computers, are often updated publicly as their analytical capabilities expand. In the September issue of the Journal of Molecular Diagnostics, NIH grantees report they have developed a second generation "lab on a silicon chip" called the MitoChip v2.0 that... view more (2006-08-28)

New research may lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis in families
Mayo Clinic researchers have found that first-degree relatives (i.e., parents, siblings, children) of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) are more likely to have the biomarker of the disease in their blood.   view more (2007-09-11)

Trichoplax genome sequenced -- 'rosetta stone' for understanding evolution
Yale molecular and evolutionary biologists in collaboration with Department of Energy scientists produced the full genome sequence of Trichoplax, one of nature's most primitive multicellular organisms, providing a new insight into the evolution of all higher animals.   view more (2008-09-04)

Iberia was the European demographic reservoir during the last Ice Age
By studying mitochondrial DNA, which is passed from mother to child, researchers have found that most of the actual European inhabitants seem to have come from re-expansion of hunter-gatherers populations, which have migrated from Iberia, Europe after the end of the last Ice Age reports an article... view more (2005-01-12)

Kids with autism may have gene that causes muscle weakness
Some kids with autism may have a genetic defect that affects the muscles, according to research that will be presented at the American Academy of Neurology 60th Anniversary Annual Meeting in Chicago, April 12-19, 2008.   view more (2008-04-14)

New DNA study helps explain unique diversity among melanesians
Small populations of Melanesians — among the most genetically diverse people on the planet — have significant differences in their mitochondrial DNA that can be linked to where they live, the size of their home island and the language they speak.   view more (2007-02-28)

Crop plants and domestic animals piggy-back on the Human Genome Project
A new £4.5M funding initiative to exploit developments in genome analysis of crops and livestock has been launched by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC). The scheme Genome Analysis of Agriculturally Important Traits (GAIT) will support research to identify,... view more (1997-11-21)

New chemical tool kit manipulates mitochondria, reveals insights into drug toxicity
Why do nearly 1 million people taking cholesterol-lowering statins often experience muscle cramps? Why is it that in the rare case when a diabetic takes medication for intestinal worms, his glucose levels improve? Is there any scientific basis for the purported health effects of green tea?   view more (2008-02-25)

Computational model simulates AZT metabolism in mitochondria
Researchers at the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute (VBI) at Virginia Tech have developed a computational model that allows scientists to better understand the metabolism and toxicity of the HIV/AIDS drug zidovudine (azidothymidine, AZT).   view more (2006-07-25)

Scientists sequence DNA of woolly mammoth
Experts in ancient DNA from McMaster University (Canada) have teamed up with genome researchers from Penn State University (USA) for the investigation of permafrost bone samples from Siberia.   view more (2005-12-20)

Mitochondria play role in pathogenesis of AD and estrogen-induced neuroprotection
As the major source of free radicals in cells, mitochondria contribute to the high levels of oxidative stress believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.   view more (2008-04-07)

White blood cell uses DNA 'catapult' to fight infection
U.S. and Swiss scientists have made a breakthrough in understanding how a type of white blood cell called the eosinophil may help the body to fight bacterial infections in the digestive tract, according to research published online this week in Nature Medicine.   view more (2008-08-14)
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