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Neurons use chemical 'chords' to shape signaling
Researchers have discovered that neurons can use two different neurotransmitters that target the same receptor on a receiving neuron to shape the transmission of a nerve impulse.   view more (2008-02-28)

Mechanism of nicotine's learning effects explored
While nicotine is highly addictive, researchers have also shown the drug to enhance learning and memory—a property that has launched efforts to develop nicotine-like drugs to treat cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, schizophrenia, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity... view more (2007-04-05)

Genetics of ALS progression
An upcoming paper from Drs. Hidenori Ichijo and Hideki Nishitoh (The University of Tokyo) and colleagues lends new and valuable insight into the genetics of ALS.   view more (2008-06-02)

UCLA imaging study of children with autism finds broken mirror neuron system
New imaging research at UCLA detailed Dec. 4 as an advance online publication of the journal Nature Neuroscience shows children with autism have virtually no activity in a key part of the brain's mirror neuron system while imitating and observing emotions.   view more (2005-12-05)

Experience affects new neuron survival in adult brain; study sheds light on learning, memory
Experience in the early development of new neurons in specific brain regions affects their survival and activity in the adult brain, new research shows. How these new neurons store information about these experiences may explain how they can affect learning and memory in adults.   view more (2007-03-23)

The deactivation of two genes could be the cause of Alzheimer's
Alzheimer's disease could be caused by the deactivation of what are known as "presenilin genes". Using mice as a model for the study of Alzheimer's in humans, a scientific team headed by the researcher Carlos Saura, from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, has discovered that... view more (2004-06-01)

Drug blocks lethal motor-neuron disease in mice
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an inherited motor-neuron disease that, in its most severe form, leads to death before 2 years of age and for which there is no treatment.   view more (2007-02-23)

Understanding the Noxious cause of Lou Gehrig's disease
There is no known cure for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), often known as Lou Gehrig disease and motor neuron disease.   view more (2007-09-14)

What makes an axon an axon?
Inside every axon is a dendrite waiting to get out. Hedstrom et al. converted mature axons into dendrites by banishing a protein crucial for neuron development.   view more (2008-11-10)

Discovery of agile molecular motors could aid in treating motor neuron diseases
Over the last several months, the labs of Yale Goldman, MD, PhD, Director of the Pennsylvania Muscle Institute at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, and Erika Holzbaur, PhD, Professor of Physiology, have published a group of papers that, taken together, show proteins that function... view more (2006-07-18)

Neurons hard wired to tell left from right
It's well known that the left and right sides of the brain differ in many animal species and this is thought to influence cognitive performance and social behaviour. For instance, in humans, the left half of the brain is concerned with language processing whereas the right side is better at... view more (2008-03-31)

Research clarifies how brain replenishes memory-making molecules
Memory formation is thought to involve a strengthening of the communication between neurons in the part of the brain known as the hippocampus.   view more (2005-12-22)

UCLA researchers show that culture influences brain cells
A thumb's up for "I'm good." The rubbing of a pointed forefinger at another for "shame on you." The infamous and ubiquitous middle finger salute for-well, you know.   view more (2007-07-18)

The good and the bad of a potential Alzheimer's target
Research in fruit flies has shown that enhancing the production of a protein called neprilysin can reduce the formation of plaques and neuron death associated with Alzheimer's, at the expense of reducing the flies' lifespan.   view more (2008-06-30)

UCSF research pinpoints brain molecule's role in developing addiction
A molecule in the brain essential for wakefulness and appetite has been found to play a central role in strengthening the neuron connections that lead to addiction.   view more (2006-02-16)

Membrane fusion at the synapse: Janus faced synaptotagmin-1 helps to keep the fast pace
Imagine a bathtub with two soap bubbles colliding but never fusing. Then you add detergent, and the surface of the water goes flat as the walls of the bubbles collapse and merge.   view more (2008-10-30)

Without glial cells, animals lose their senses
Sensory neurons have always put on a good show. But now, it turns out, they'll be sharing the credit. In groundbreaking research to appear in the October 31 issue of Science, Rockefeller University scientists show that while neurons play the lead role in detecting sensory information, a second type... view more (2008-10-31)

Study suggests new treatments for Huntington's disease
Working with fruit flies, researchers have discovered a new mechanism by which the abnormal protein in Huntington's disease causes neurodegeneration.   view more (2008-01-10)

Growth factor stimulates rapid extension of key motor neurons in brain
A growth factor known to be important for the survival of many types of cells stimulates rapid extension of corticospinal motor neurons - critical brain cells that connect the cerebral cortex with the spinal cord and that die in motor neuron diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou... view more (2006-11-06)

NYU, Salk Institute neuroscientists offer new path for measuring visual responses to complex images
Neuroscientists at New York University and the Salk Institute have developed a new technique for measuring visual responses to complex images. The method consists of building a model based on cell responses to a range of stimuli, then asking how accurate the model is by comparing the model... view more (2005-06-22)

The musician in the mirror
A new imaging study shows that when we learn a new action with associated sounds, the brain quickly makes links between regions responsible for performing the action and those associated with the sound.   view more (2007-01-15)

Nerve cells' power plants caught in a traffic jam
Nerve cells need lots of energy to work properly, and the energy needs to be delivered to the right place at the right time. By inducing a mutation in fruit flies, researchers have figured out that a particular gene governs the movement of cells' energy-producing units, called mitochondria.   view more (2005-08-05)

Huntington's disease problem start early
The damaging effects of the mutated protein involved in Huntington's disease take place earlier in cell life than previously believed, said researchers from Baylor College of Medicine in Houston in a report that appears in the current edition of the journal Neuron.   view more (2008-01-10)

Brain needs perfection in synapse number
The proper number of synapses or communication between nerve cells, determined early in life, is crucial to having a healthy brain that can learn and retain information.   view more (2007-10-04)

Carnegie Mellon scientists investigate initial molecular mechanism that triggers neuronal firing
Carnegie Mellon University chemists have solved a decade-long molecular mystery that could eventually help scientists develop drug therapies to treat a variety of disorders, including epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease.   view more (2007-08-22)
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